The burden of intestinal parasitic infections in Antioquia, Colombia: Impact in childhood growth development and nutritional status.

Gastrointestinal protist (GP) and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections cause significant morbidity among children in poor-resource settings of tropical and sub-tropical countries including Colombia. Few prospective transversal studies investigating how GP and STH infections affect growth development and nutritional status during childhood have been conducted in this country, none of them in the Antioquia Department. This microscopy-based study estimated the prevalence of GP and helminth (including STH) infections in faecal samples from schoolchildren (n = 384) collected during April-May 2019 in three municipalities of the Antioquia Department. Demographic, epidemiological, and household data were elicited through face-to-face interviews. Parasite detection was carried out by direct microscopic examination of both fresh smears and concentrated faecal material. Children (aged 6-15 years) also had their haemoglobin (Hb) levels, height and weight data collected, and BMI estimated. Data were analysed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Overall, 60.7 % (233/384) of schoolchildren were infected by at least one intestinal parasitic species. Among GPs, Blastocystis sp. was the most common species found (47.7 %, 95 % CI: 42.6-52.8), followed by G. duodenalis (15.9 %, 95 % CI: 12.4-19.9). Cryptosporidium spp. and Cyclospora cayetanensis were sporadically identified (0.3 %, 95 % CI: 0.1-1.4 each). Among helminths, the most prevalent species found were Trichuris trichiura (6.0 %, 95 % CI: 3.8-8.9) and Enterobius vermicularis (1.0 %, 95 % CI: 0.3-2.6). Hookworms, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Strongyloides stercoralis were found at prevalence rates <1 %. Underweight, overweigh, or obese schoolchildren had 1.2 times greater chance of being infected with intestinal parasites than their counterparts with a healthy weight (P-value: 0.015). Variables significantly associated with an increased likelihood of being infected by intestinal parasites include living in a household with unfinished flouring, not wearing shoes, being in close proximity to rodents, and having improper waste disposal. Relatively simple interventional measures directed towards the improvement of household conditions, access to sanitary toilets, and promoting shoe wearing can significantly reduce childhood infections by GP and helminths in the Antioquia Department.

Manejo de tejidos blandos en trauma de miembros inferiores: a propósito de un caso / Soft tissue management in lower limb trauma: about a case

Los miembros inferiores están sujetos frecuentemente a traumas que ocasionan daño de estructuras vitales y que pueden dejar secuelas funcionales y estéticas en las personas. Las lesiones de tejidos blandos son las que asientan en la piel, tejido celular subcutáneo, aponeurosis, músculos, vasos y nervios. Del manejo oportuno y adecuado de las lesiones que se presenten posteriores a un trauma de tejidos blandos dependerá el resultado, el tiempo de recuperación, costos de hospitalización y sobre todo la preservación de las funciones de locomoción y sostén del miembro afectado

The lower limbs are frequently exposed to traumas that cause vital structures damage and can leave functional and aesthetic sequelae in patients. Soft tissue lesions are those that affect the skin, subcutaneous cellular tissue, fascia, muscles, vessels, and nerves. The result, recovery time, hospitalization costs and, above all, the preservation of the locomotion and support functions of the affected limb will depend on the timely and adequate management of injuries that occur after a soft tissue trauma.

Aortic polyaneurysmal disease: case report.

We report a 78-year-old man who presents progression of his aneurysmatic pathology with previous abdominal infrarenal aortic surgery 20 years later. The computed tomography (CT) scan showed proximal degeneration of the infrarenal aorta, left iliac aneurysm and a new descending thoracic aneurysm close to the aortic arch. The surgical treatment was staged in two times due to the evolution of the aneurysm measures. First, the thoracic and the infrarenal aneurysms were covered each one with endoprosthesis. Four years later the iliac disease was solved with a branched specific iliac endograft.

Usefulness of aneurysm sac angiography in therapeutic management of an endoleak after endovascular aneurysm repair.

Endoleak treatment after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) can be difficult and complex. The key to success lies mostly in the accurate interpretation of imaging tests. We describe the case of a patient who was urgently operated on due to an episode of acute arterial ischemia in the left lower limb for stent-graft iliac limb thrombosis and a proximal type I endoleak. We highlight the importance of performing aneurysm sac angiography as part of an effective therapeutic strategy.

Bilateral popliteal aneurysm as a result of vascular type IV entrapment in a young patient: a report of an exceptional case.

Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome is recognized as a cause of claudication and arterial occlusion in young patients. Aneurysmal degeneration is a reported but rare complication. We present the case of a young male patient with large bilateral popliteal aneurysms due to symptomatic anatomic entrapment. The left aneurysm was acutely thrombosed, and urgent bypass surgery was required. The contralateral aneurysm was resected by a posterior approach and replaced with an autologous vein graft. Type IV popliteal entrapment by a fibrous band independent of the gastrocnemius muscle was diagnosed during surgery and divided. Early detection of popliteal entrapment is highly important to prevent the development of this serious complication.