Acellular Dermal Matrices as an New Alternative for Treatment in Reproductive Organ Static Disorders: A Pilot Study.

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of utilizing acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for treating pelvic organ prolapse. The motivation behind exploring a new treatment method stems from the limited efficacy of current surgical options, which are often associated with side effects. Methods: Ten patients with reproductive organ prolapse underwent surgery at the Chair and Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Gynecological Oncology in Katowice. ADM was used as a support material, with eight patients receiving double TOT and two undergoing a six-point fixation mesh procedure. Pelvic organ prolapse was evaluated pre-operatively and one month post-surgery using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) System. General medical history and complaints were assessed using the short form (PFDIQ-SF20). The study included ten patients aged 39 to 71 (mean: 63.6 years), all with a history of at least one vaginal delivery (mean of two). None had undergone a cesarean section. Four patients exhibited POP-Q 3, and five had POP-Q 2. Results: The mean PFDIQ-SF20 score before surgery was 70.6 points. No major complications occurred during or after surgery. One patient experienced a vaginal fungal infection and an allergic reaction to sutures. Post-operation, ailments reduced by an average of 60.76 points, with five patients reporting no complaints. Conclusions: ADM emerges as a material of interest for gynecological surgery, with initial reports highlighting its effectiveness and optimistic safety profile. Further research is warranted to explore its potential as a promising option in pelvic organ prolapse treatment.

Hidradenitis Suppurativa: An Interdisciplinary Problem in Dermatology, Gynecology, and Surgery-Pathogenesis, Comorbidities, and Current Treatments.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), also known as acne inversa, is a chronic inflammatory disease that manifests as painful nodules, abscesses, draining dermal tunnels, and scarring in intertriginous areas such as the axillae, groin, and breasts. The nature of the disease and its chronicity have a destructive impact on mental health and quality of life. HS has an estimated global prevalence of 0.00033-4.1% and it disproportionately affects females compared to males. HS involving the female anogenital regions is reported rarely in the gynecological literature, and it can often be mistaken for other vulvar diseases. The distinct phenotypes and HS rarity cause delayed diagnosis and the implementation of effective treatment. Acne inversa is associated with several comorbidities, including metabolic disease, diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel diseases, and spondyloarthropathies. Although HS etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear, studies have shown that lifestyle, immunological processes, genetics, and hormonal predispositions may promote follicular hyperkeratosis, dilatation, and rupture, leading to the development of chronic tissue inflammation. This article provides updated information on HS pathogenesis, comorbidities, and treatment methods. Furthermore, we share our experience in the surgical treatment of the disease, which often proves most effective, and highlight that an interdisciplinary management approach ensures optimal outcomes.

Eye-tracked computer games as a method for pain perception alleviation in chronic wound management.

Introduction: Chronic pain frequently accompanies the daily lives of many chronic wound patients. The degree of pain experienced significantly increases when performing medical procedures related to wound management. The use of eye-tracked games in order to distract the patient's attention from the painful activities performed can be an effective procedure. Aim: Assesment of eye-trackers as a distractors during wound management. Material and methods: Forty patients suffering from chronic wounds were qualified for the study. Patients performed eye tracking games during dressing changes and wound cleaning. Pain sensations were surveyed. The survey concerned the pain experienced on a daily basis, when changing the dressing without use and with the use of eye trackers. Results: It was found that eye trackers significantly reduced the pain experienced during dressing changes compared to the pain caused by these procedures, but without the use of eye trackers. Conclusions: On the basis of the obtained results, it was proposed to introduce eye trackers into routine clinical practice during chronic wound management.

Laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA): a new device in the diagnosis and monitoring of surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Introduction: Laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) is a quite new and unique device which can find applications in multiple diagnostic approaches in dermatology and dermatosurgery. LASCA can be used in multiple approaches. We would like to make the world's first presentation of LASCA usefulness in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) surgery based on a case series. Aim: To evaluate the usefulness of LASCA in the surgical treatment of HS. Material and methods: In HS surgical treatment at the Centre for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Slaskie, Poland in 2019-2022, we performed standard preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative speckle laser examinations to assess the vascular perfusion of the surgical sites. The device used was Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis (Perimed AG). This study included 18 patients treated surgically at the Centre for Burns Treatment in Siemianowice Slaskie with specific LASCA findings. Results: As a result of the LASCA examination, we found 1) ischemia of the flap, and 2) local foci of HS, and we could also assess the healing process. Conclusions: LASCA is a great device with which we can evaluate wound healing after surgical procedures (STSG and skin local flaps). LASCA allows for early detection of post-operative complications like ischemia of the local skin flap.

Reconstructive surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with a 6-month follow-up.

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin disease that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients, especially affecting the intimate areas. Surgical treatment is one of the tools available for treating HS, which can significantly improve patients' quality of life. Aim: To evaluate the surgical treatment of 31 patients treated surgically at the Centre for Burns Treatment in Sie-mianowice Slaskie, with a follow-up of 6 months. Material and methods: Thirty-one HS patients were operated on with classical reconstructive methods. The patients were followed up for 6 months in the outpatient clinic. We gathered clinical data of 31 post-operative patients and statistical analysis was performed. Results: 83.87% of the patients were completely healed. The study showed that HS recurrence in the surgical site occurred in 1 (3.23%) patient only after 6 months of follow-up. We found a statistically significant (p < 0.050) positive correlation between patients' age and body mass index (BMI), disease duration and time of diagnosis. BMI value additionally correlated with disease duration and time of diagnosis, while disease duration correlated with time of diagnosis. Conclusions: Surgical treatment is an effective method in HS. The relatively low recurrence rate after 6 months and, in most patients, full healing, support the good therapeutic effect of surgical treatment.

The Impact of Telemedicine on Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa in the COVID-19 Era.

(1) Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. It is characterized by the transformation of normal skin into skin with abscesses, nodules, tunnels, and scars. The most commonly affected areas are the armpits, groins, buttocks, and subscapular area. Patients with HS require constant care under the supervision of the outpatient clinic. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, consultations have been introduced in the form of telemedicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability of HS treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess patient satisfaction, problems with access to medical care, and the impact of the pandemic on the course of the disease. (2) Methods: An internet survey with an anonymous questionnaire was used to assess the effectiveness of telemedicine consultations. The survey consisted of 25 closed questions, and responses were kept fully anonymous. (3) Results: Most respondents reported minor problems with accessing specialized HS medical care during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 25, 35.71%). However, 35.71% (n = 25) of them reported major problems with appointments for specialized ambulatory treatment during the last few months of the pandemic, mainly due to delayed appointments. Almost half of the respondents had been diagnosed with COVID-19 (n = 34, 48.57%), and 58.57% (n = 41) of respondents did not see a correlation between COVID-19 infection and HS progression. (4) Conclusions: Our study showed that the pandemic significantly limited access to medical advice, and patients with hidradenitis suppurativa prefer standard consultations.

Platelet-Rich Plasma and Acellular Dermal Matrix in the Surgical Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Comparative Retrospective Study.

(1) Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disease with recurrent, chronic, painful, and purulent skin lesions. Topical or systemic antibiotics are the most widely used treatments for the management of mild stages of the disease. In chronic cases (Hurley II/III), wide excision of lesions should be considered. During reconstructive surgery, the most problematic aspect is wound closure. Very large excisional wounds require reconstructive techniques such as skin flaps, skin grafts, or both. Surgical methods have their limitations, so reconstructive methods in HS surgery need to be continuously improved through the use of, for example, platelet-rich plasma and acellular dermal matrix; (2) Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and efficacy of surgical treatment of patients with HS using local skin flaps injected with PRP compared to a group of local skin flaps without platelet-rich plasma injection, an acellular dermal matrix, and split-thickness skin graft co-grafts. Sixty-one patients (29 males and 32 females) were included in the study. Most patients were characterized by Hurley grade III HS; (3) Results: The use of PRP injection in reconstructions (skin flaps) improved healing and reduced the number of complications, a notable trend in this study. A co-graft of acellular dermal matrix and split-thickness skin graft gave better therapeutic results than split-thickness skin graft alone (fewer days in hospital, fewer postoperative complications); (4) Conclusions: PRP injected into skin flaps, co-grafted acellular dermal matrix, and split-thickness skin grafts are good options for the surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Human Acellular Dermal Matrix in Reconstructive Surgery-A Review.

Reconstructive surgery often confronts large tissue defects. This creates a need to look for materials that are immunogenic but offer the possibility of tissue filling. ADM-acellular dermal matrix-is a biological collagen matrix without immunogenicity, which is more commonly used in surgical treatment. Reconstructive surgery is still searching for various biocompatible materials that can be widely used in surgery. The available materials have their advantages and disadvantages. This paper is a literature review on the use of human acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in reconstructive surgery (surgical oncology, plastic and reconstructive surgery, and gynecologic reconstructive surgery). ADM appears to be a material of increasing use in various fields of surgery, and thus, further research in this area is required.

A Survey of 1000 Respondents on the Polish Population's Knowledge and Attitudes about Tissue/Organ Donation and Transplantation in Times of Allogeneic Tissue Shortage.

Tissue-engineered human allogeneic skin grafts retrieved from a deceased donor play an important role in the therapy of extensive and deeply burned patients. However, there is a vital deficit of allogeneic skin donors, and the reserves of human allogeneic skin grafts are not sufficient. The goal of this work was to analyze the level of knowledge and attitudes of Polish society in the field of transplantation, with particular emphasis on allogeneic skin transplantation. The study used a self-made questionnaire comprised of 23 questions. 1000 respondents took part in this research. The respondents were a diverse group in terms of age, sex, education, and place of residence. The obtained results show a general positive attitude of the respondents towards the idea of transplantology. However, people with lower education presented a more negative attitude towards the donation of tissues and organs. Additionally younger people were not able to clearly declare readiness for organ procurement. What is more data analysis revealed certain gaps in more detailed knowledge and surprising attitudes. In that respect, the lack of awareness about the criteria for determining brain death could be mentioned. There was also a lack of acceptance for skin procurement in specific population groups. It can therefore be concluded that a key role in the success of the idea of transplantation in Poland is the broad and systematic education of the society.

Co-Graft of Acellular Dermal Matrix and Split Thickness Skin Graft-A New Reconstructive Surgical Method in the Treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic disease that significantly reduces patients' quality of life. Patients are chronically treated with systemic therapies, which are often ineffective. Surgical treatment for severe cases of hidradenitis suppurativa is one option for affected patients. Surgical treatment has its limitations, and wound closure may be particularly problematic. This requires the use of reconstructive techniques. The methods of choice for wound closure are split-thickness skin grafts or local flaps reconstructions. However, each method has its limitations. This is a presentation of a new reconstructive surgical method in hidradenitis suppurativa surgery: the use of a co-graft of Acellular dermal matrix and split thickness skin graft as a novel method in wound closure after wide excisions, based on two cases. The results of this method are very promising: we achieved very fast wound closure with good aesthetic results regarding scar formation. In this paper, we used several examinations: laser speckle analysis, cutometer tests, and health-related quality of life (QoL) questionnaire to check the clinical impact of this method. Our initial results are very encouraging. ADM with STSG as a co-graft could be widely used in reconstructive surgery. This is a preliminary study, which should be continued in further, extended research.

Impact of Hidradenitis Suppurativa Surgical Treatment on Health-Related Life Quality.

(1) Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a disease that affects the intimacy of patients. This disease reduces the quality of life and functioning of patients in everyday life. The surgical treatment of HS is one of the treatments for HS that can improve the quality of life. (2) Methods: The main goal of this study was to assess quality of life before the surgical treatment and after the surgical treatment of HS at Center for Burn Treatment in Siemianowice Slaskie, Poland, using the EQ-5D-5L survey before the operation and at follow-up (6 months after). (3) Results: The average quality of life measured with the EQ-5D-5L survey before therapy was 39.3 ± 20.1 (min., 0; max., 60; most frequent value, 50), whereas after surgical treatment, the mean quality of life was 89.5 ± 12.5 (min., 50; max., 100; most frequent value, 100). The average increase in the quality of life was 50.2 ± 19.5 (min., 30; max., 100; most frequent value, 30), and it was statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Application of Acellular Dermal Matrix in Gynaecology-A Current Review.

The aim of our study is to draw attention to the multitude of applications of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in the surgical treatment of urogynaecological disorders, such as reduction in the reproductive organs, and in reconstructive gynaecology. Despite the existence of numerous operational methods and materials, the effectiveness of transvaginal operation is still insufficient. Native tissue operations are often not durable enough, while operations with synthetic materials have numerous side effects, such as infections, hematomas, vaginal erosion, or dyspareunia. Hence, the search continues for a different material with a better efficacy and safety profile than those previously mentioned. It seems that ADM can meet these requirements and be a useful material for urogynaecological surgery. Key words related to the usage of ADM in gynaecological reconstructive surgery were used to search relevant databases (NCBI MedLine, Clinical Key, Clinicaltrials.gov). This manuscript is based on 43 literature sources, 28 (65.11%) of which were released after 2016. Older sources are cited for the purpose of presenting basic science, or other important issues related to the manuscript. ADM seems to be an ideal material for urogynaecological and reconstructive surgery. It has high durability, and thus high effectiveness. Moreover, it does not have the side effects typical for synthetic materials. There are no reports of material rejection, erosion or dyspareunia directly related to the presence of the mesh. Due to the difficulties in obtaining ADM and the need to perform additional tests, this material is not common in routine clinical practice. Therefore, the number of cases and the size of the research groups are insufficient to clearly define the potential of mesh from biological tissue. However, the results are so promising that it is worth considering a wider introduction to the use of this material. Our hope is that increasing clinicians' awareness of this topic will lead to more studies comparing methods using native tissues or synthetic materials and those using ADM.

The urgent need to achieve an optimal strategic stock of human allogeneic skin graft materials in case of a mass disaster in Poland.

A burn is a sudden injury which immediate or long-term consequences may be life-threatening for the patient. A mass disaster event may involve large numbers of severely burned patients. Patients of this type typically have a limited area of healthy, unburned skin from which an autologous split thickness skin graft could be collected. In a clinical situation of this type, it is necessary to use a particular skin substitute. Non-viable allogeneic human skin graft materials might be considered as the most suitable skin substitutes in the treatment of such patients. At present, Poland does not have a sufficient supply of human allogeneic skin graft materials to meet the needs arising from a sudden and unforeseen mass disaster. This study involved an analysis of selected mass disasters. From this an estimate was made from a verified casualty profile of the necessary minimum stock of human allogeneic skin graft materials. An insufficient amount of skin results from an inadequate number of skin donors, which in turn results from the current tissue donation system. Therefore, a proposal has been made for the organizational, legal and systemic changes required to improve the situation in Polish transplantology, with particular emphasis on skin donation. In order to achieve a strategic stock of human skin grafts, a tissue collecting transplantation team should be organized. The rights and obligations of the non-physician transplant team member should be extended. Proposals have been made for awareness campaigns (adverts, posters etc.) and educational schemes (educational video, lectures during transplant coordinator training, etc.). Finally, a proposal has been made for possible methods to deal with the logistic management of the allogeneic skin stock. The required, essential stock of human allogeneic skin in the event of a mass disaster has been estimated at 600,000 cm2.

Influence of electron beam irradiation on extracellular matrix of the human allogeneic skin grafts.

The nonviable allogeneic human skin grafts might be considered as the most suitable skin substitutes in the treatment of extensive and deep burns. However, in accordance to biological security such grafts require the final sterilization prior to clinical application. The aim of the study was to verify the influence of electron beam irradiation of three selected doses: 18, 25, and 35 kGy on the extracellular matrix of human skin. Prior to sterilization, the microbiological tests were conducted and revealed contamination in all examined cases. Individual groups were subjected to single electron beam radiation sterilization at proposed doses and then subjected to microbiological tests again. The results of microbiological testing performed for all irradiation doses used were negative. Only in the control group was a growth of microorganisms observed. The FTIR spectrometry tests were conducted followed by the histological evaluation and mechanical tests. In addition, cost analysis of radiation sterilization of individual doses was performed. The results of spectroscopic analysis, mechanical tests, and histological staining showed no significant changes in composition and characteristics of tested tissues after their irradiation, in comparison to control samples. The cost analysis has shown that irradiation with 18 kGy is the most cost-effective and 35 kGy is the least favorable. However, according to biological risk reduction, the recommended sterilization dose is 35 kGy, despite the higher price compared to the other doses tested.

Surgical management of hidradenitis suppurativa.

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic disease, which causes painful discomfort. The main regions involved in this disease are axillary, inguinal and perianal. The etiology is unknown at present. It is suggested that genetics, smoking and diabetes are involved in HS. General treatment consists of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory biological drugs. HS is a multidisciplinary disease, which involves surgical treatment as well. We would like to present surgical treatment in HS. Deroofing and drainage/incisions are the most frequent techniques in general surgery departments. The article describes additional techniques such as skin grafts and flaps. We conclude that local flaps are the best choice in surgical treatment.

Hidradenitis suppurativa: bacteriological study in surgical treatment.

Introduction: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory chronic disease of the hair follicles that presents with different lesions in the apocrine gland-bearing areas of the human body. There are many possible factors for HS. Acne inversa is not primarily considered to be an infectious disease. A variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have been found from the lesions sporadically. Aim: To assess the bacteriological profile of HS before surgical treatment. Material and methods: We collected specimens for aerobic microbiological testing from 18 patients before surgical treatment in our hospital. The specimens were obtained from abscesses, directly from skin fistulas, on day 1 of hospitalisation. Results: The most common bacteria in HS lesions were Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis. In 4 patients we found multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MLSB, MRSA and A. baumannii). Conclusions: Long-term antibiotic treatment can cause multi-drug resistance in strains collected in HS lesions.

Preliminary Research on the Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome.

Negative consequences and medical complications of COVID-19 can persist for up to several months after initial recovery. These consequences can include stroke, diabetes, decreased lung diffusing capacity, sleep apnea, pulmonary fibrosis, arrhythmia, myocarditis, fatigue, headaches, muscle aches, heart rate fluctuations, sleep problems, memory problems, nervousness, anxiety, and other neurological disorders. Thirty-one patients who reported symptoms related to previous COVID-19 disease of both sexes were enrolled in the initial program. The patients underwent compression sessions in a multiplace hyperbaric chamber. Each patient underwent a cycle of 15 compressions. Before the first session, each participant completed a venous blood gas test, a Fullerton test, and two spirometry tests (one before the Fullerton test and one after the test). Patients completed psychotechnical tests, a questionnaire on quality of life (Polish version of EQ-5D-5L), and a questionnaire on specific symptoms accompanying the disease and post-infection symptoms. The results showed significant improvements in areas such as quality of life, endurance and strength, some spirometric parameters, the anion gap and lactate levels, working memory, and attention in the group of treated patients. In contrast, there were no changes in pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose, and excess alkaline values. A follow-up interview confirmed that the beneficial effects were maintained over time. Considering the results obtained, including the apparent improvement in the patient's clinical condition, it can be concluded that the use of 15 compression sessions was temporarily associated with a noticeable improvement in health and performance parameters as well as improvement in certain blood gas parameters.

Tissue Engineering in Skin Substitute.

Thermal injuries may cause significant damage to large areas of the skin. Extensive and deep burn wounds require specialized therapy. The optimal method in the strategy of treating extensive, full thickness burns (III°) is the use of autologous split thickness skin grafts STSG (Busuioc et al. Rom J Morphol Embryol 4:1061-1067, 2012; Kitala D, Kawecki M, Klama-Baryla A, Labus W, Kraut M, Glik J, Ryszkiel I, Kawecki MP, Nowak M. Allogeneic vs. Autologous Skin Grafts in the Therapy of Patients with Burn Injuries: A Restrospective, Open-label Clinical Study with Pair Matching. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;25(5):923-929.; Glik J, Kawecki M, Kitala D, Klama-Baryla A, Labus W, Grabowski M, Durdzinska A, Nowak M, Misiuga M, Kasperczyk A. A new option for definitive burn wound closure - pair matching type of retrospective case-control study of hand burns in the hospitalized patients group in the Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burn Treatment between 2009 and 2015. Int Wound J. 2017 Feb 21. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12720 . [Epub ahead of print]; Prim et al. May 24Wound Repair Regen., 2017; Grossova et al. Mar 31Ann Burns Fire Disasters 30:5-8, 2017). The main limitation of that method is the inadequate amount of healthy, undamaged skin (donor sites), which could be harvested and used as a graft. Moreover, donor sites are an additional wounds that require analgesic therapy, leave scars during the healing process and they are highly susceptible to infection (1-6). It must be emphasized that in terms of the treatment of severe, deep and extensive burns, and there should be no doubt that the search for a biocompatible skin substitute that would be able to replace autologous STSG is an absolute priority. The above-mentioned necessitates the search for new treatment methods of severe burn wounds. Such methods could consider the preparation and application of bioengineered, natural skin substitutes. At present, as the clinical standard considered by the physicians may be use of available biological skin substitutes, e.g., human allogeneic skin, in vitro cultured skin cells, acellular dermal matrix ADM and revitalized ADMs, etc. (Busuioc et al. Rom J Morphol Embryol 4:1061-1067, 2012; Kitala D, Kawecki M, Klama-Baryla A, Labus W, Kraut M, Glik J, Ryszkiel I, Kawecki MP, Nowak M. Allogeneic vs. Autologous Skin Grafts in the Therapy of Patients with Burn Injuries: A Restrospective, Open-label Clinical Study with Pair Matching. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;25(5):923-929.; Glik J, Kawecki M, Kitala D, Klama-Baryla A, Labus W, Grabowski M, Durdzinska A, Nowak M, Misiuga M, Kasperczyk A. A new option for definitive burn wound closure - pair matching type of retrospective case-control study of hand burns in the hospitalised patients group in the Dr Stanislaw Sakiel Center for Burn Treatment between 2009 and 2015. Int Wound J. 2017 Feb 21. https://doi.org/10.1111/iwj.12720 . [Epub ahead of print]; Prim et al. May 24Wound Repair Regen., 2017; Grossova et al. Mar 31Ann Burns Fire Disasters 30:5-8, 2017; Labus et al. FebJ Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 106:726-733, 2018).

The use of biostatic human amnion and platelet-rich plasma in topical treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis-A case report.

BACKGROUND: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) (also known as Lyell syndrome) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are life-threatening mucocutaneous blistering diseases. They are characterized by generalized blisters and epidermal inflammation, most likely resulting from the administration or interaction of medicines. AIMS: To report potential new method in the treatment of TEN. PATIENTS/METHODS: This article presents a case report of a 35-year-old man suffering from TEN covering about 95% of his body surface. Lesions occurred in the patient during antiepileptic therapy, after taking simultaneously amoxicillin (with clavulanic acid) and naproxen followed by lamotrigine treatment. Standard general treatment was performed. Intravenous feeding was necessary. Due to acute respiratory failure, the patient required mechanical ventilation. Two methods were combined in topical treatment: application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a simultaneous biostatic human amnion transplant. RESULTS: In the presented case, the combination of both methods contributed to a significant acceleration of wound healing. After the application of PRP and biostatic amnion transplantation, the healing of wounds on the back and posterior surfaces of the legs was completed after six days. The surgical treatment most probably contributed to a significant acceleration of wound healing. CONCLUSION: The case report shows that topical TEN/SJS treatment with biostatic human amnion and PRP has a positive clinical effect and may be a new method of treatment of TEN.

Historical and modern research on propolis and its application in wound healing and other fields of medicine and contributions by Polish studies.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The history of medical application of propolis (also known as bee glue) dates back to the times of ancient Greeks, Romans, Persians and Egyptians. Honey and other bee products, including propolis, occupy an important place in Polish folk medicine. Scientific research on propolis in Poland began in the early 1960s in Zabrze and continues until now. AIM OF THE REVIEW: The aim of this review is to provide an overview of information on Polish research on propolis and its medical application with particular emphasis on studies concerning wound healing. Consequently, our goal is also to shed a new light on therapeutic potential of Polish propolis in order to support future research in the field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of scientific literature on propolis and its medical application was performed by using the literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar). We paid special attention to papers describing the effect of propolis on skin wound healing as well as to Polish contribution to research on propolis. RESULTS: Professor Stan Scheller was the first Polish scientist dealing with propolis and its medical potential. His legacy was continued by several research teams that studied the topic in various aspects. They analyzed propolis composition, its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiapoptotic and anticancer properties as well as its application in dentistry and wound treatment. Burn wound healing physiology after propolis administration was thoroughly studied on pig model, whereas research on patients proved the efficacy of propolis in chronic venous leg ulcer treatment. CONCLUSION: Polish scientists have made a significant contribution to the research on propolis, its biological properties and influence on wound healing. Propolis ointments can effectively accelerate the healing process and improve healing physiology, so they can be recommended as a promising topical medication for wound treatment in the future clinical and preclinical trials.