Wound complications following diagnostic skin biopsies in dermatology inpatients.

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively determine the wound complication rate for dermatology inpatients undergoing diagnostic skin biopsies during their admission and to determine significant host and procedural risk factors. DESIGN: Prospective assessment, by a single observer, of 100 postdiagnostic skin biopsy wounds in dermatology inpatients. The following data were recorded for each patient: age and sex, presence of comorbidities, smoking status, dermatologic diagnosis, use of immunosuppressive or antibiotic therapy, place of biopsy (whether in the operation theater or in the ward), grade of physician performing biopsy, biopsy site on the body, type of biopsy (whether elliptical incision, punch, shave, or curettage), and wound closure technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Wounds were designated as having had no complication or as being complicated by infection, dehiscence, and/or hematoma. SETTING: A dedicated dermatology inpatient ward in a university teaching hospital. RESULTS: Wound complications occurred in 29 (29%) biopsies, 27 (93%) of which were the result of wound infection. Complications occurred significantly more frequently when biopsies were performed below the waist compared with above the waist (P < .02), in the ward compared with the outpatient operating theater (P < .001), in smokers compared with nonsmokers (P < .001), and in those taking corticosteroids compared with those who were not (P < .001). In addition, elliptical incisional biopsies developed complications more frequently when subcutaneous sutures were not used compared with when they had been used (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: This study has demonstrated a high rate of wound complications after diagnostic dermatologic surgery on dermatology inpatients with significant host and procedural risk factors. These findings are relevant for other centers with inpatient units where diagnostic biopsies are performed.

Plasticity of rodent and human hair follicle dermal cells: implications for cell therapy and tissue engineering.

The dermal components of the hair follicle exhibit a number of stem cell properties, including regenerative potential, roles in wound healing and the ability to produce a functional dermis. Here we examine the stem cell phenomenon of plasticity, focusing on recent observations of in vitro plasticity of dermal papilla and sheath cells, including previously unpublished data of neuronal-like differentiation. We then briefly address the implications of the stem cell potential of hair follicle dermal cells for the field of tissue engineering.

Neonatal giant congenital nevi with proliferative nodules: a clinicopathologic study and literature review of neonatal melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Review of the literature reveals that congenital malignant melanoma is an exceptionally rare occurrence and has a generally poor prognosis when it does occur. However, benign proliferative melanocytic lesions are known to occur within giant congenital nevi (GCN). This entity is not well recognized and can be confused clinically and histologically with malignant change. OBSERVATIONS: We report 2 cases of GCN in neonates demonstrating benign proliferating nodules present at birth. An initial diagnosis of malignant melanoma was assumed in both cases. Careful histologic analysis, however, revealed these lesions to be benign, as did long-term follow-up of 3.5 years, with both patients remaining well with no evidence of melanoma. Review of the literature suggests that there are 2 clinical patterns of these benign nodules arising within GCNs: small (<1 cm) and large (>1 cm) dermal nodules with varying histologic patterns that we have attempted to categorize. CONCLUSIONS: Our cases illustrate the difficulty in accurate diagnosis of melanocytic lesions in the neonate. We recommend caution in making a diagnosis of malignant melanoma and highlight the possibility that benign lesions can be mistaken for melanoma in this age group. We encourage the acquisition of fixed histologic specimens for accurate diagnosis of melanocytic lesions.