The microbiome of oral cavity patients with periodontitis, adhesive and biofilm forming properties.

The microbiome of oral cavity in healthy people and patients with periodontitis was analyzed to determine their adhesive properties and the ability to form biofilms. The study involved 2 groups: healthy, 18 people, and an experimental group, 20 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis moderate severity of the disease. The average age of the studied people was 35-45 years. Material - dental plaque, scraping from the mucous membrane of the back of the tongue, the contents of the periodontal groove and periodontal pocket, as well as oral fluid. The main method of diagnostic was bacteriological. The average adhesion index (AAI) was used to determine adhesion level of microorganisms to epithelial cells of oral cavity's mucous membrane. The microbiota's ability to form biofilm was tested on glass and plastic surface. The microbiota of oral cavity of patients with periodontitis was characterized by decrease in the frequency of bacteria of the genera: Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Peptococcus, and an increase in Staphylococcus aureus, Veillonella spp., Bacillus spp. The microbiota of the oral cavity of patients with generalized periodontitis has a greater ability to adhere to the cells of the mucous membrane than in healthy people, while their ability to form biofilms and exhibit pathogenic properties is enhanced. The biofilm formation of microorganisms in healthy and sick people differs both on glass and on plastic surfaces.

[Analysis of 24-hour blood pressure profile, heart rate variability and carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients among native and nonnative population living in Yamalo-Nenets autonomous district].

OBJECTIVE: To study special characteristics of the course of arterial hypertension (AH) among native and nonnative population of Yamalo-Nenets autonomous district. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 100 residents of Far North with AH (men and women aged 21-55, mean age 44.08 ± 1.15 years). All patients were divided into 2 equal groups by 50 subjects: group I consisted of representatives of native and group II--nonnative population. Examination was carried out in outpatient clinic in Salekhard and included 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), registration of heart rate variability, duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries, and assessment of blood lipid profile. The groups were matched by age, gender and disease duration. RESULTS: Analysis of heart rate variability detected significant degree of strain of regulatory systems in most patients of both groups. According to results of ABPM "non-dipper" patients prevailed in group I compared to group II (p = 0.01). Common carotid artery intima-media complex was significantly greater compared to normal value in all patients; it was thicker in group I (p < 0.03), but number of carotid artery stenoses was similar in both groups. No dyslipoproteinemia was detected. CONCLUSION: Compared with group of representatives of nonnative (adopted) population group of native subjects with AH was characterized by greater carotid intima media thickness and prevalence of "non-dipper" patients.

[Comparative characteristics of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension concurrent with chronic coronary heart disease among the indigenous and non-indigenous population of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomic District].

AIM: To evaluate the degree of carotid artery (CA) atherosclerotic lesion and lipid metabolic disturbances in patients with hypertension and in those with hypertension concurrent with coronary heart disease (CHD) in the indigenous and non-indigenous population living in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomic District. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred men and women aged 21 to 55 years (mean age 48.2 ± 0.7 years), who resided in the Far North, were examined. The patients were divided into 4 gender-and age-matched groups of 50 persons in each: 1) natives; 2) newcomers with hypertension only; 3) natives with CHD and hypertension; 4) non-natives with the above conditions. To study CA involvement, all the patients underwent duplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries at the extracranial level and blood lipid analysis in an outpatient setting (Salekhard). RESULTS: In all the patients, common CA intima-media thickness was significantly greater than the upper limit of the normal range defined in the Guidelines, this indicator proved to be highest in the groups of indigenous people (p<0.001). The latter with CHD and hypertension more commonly tended to have atherosclerotic lesion in the left CA (p=0.06) than the non-indigenous people whereas the number of stenosis in other CAs was similar. In the natives versus the newcomers with CHD and hypertension, the atherogenic blood lipid composition was due to the higher levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoproteins. In the non- indigenous patients with CHD and hypertension, the atherogenicity of the blood lipid composition was characterized by the higher levels of triglycerides (p=0.04) and very low-density lipoproteins (p=0.02) with the lower concentrations of high-density lipoproteins as compared to those in the natives with CHD and hypertension.

[Comparative characteristics of 24-hour blood pressure profile and heart rate variability in indigenous and non-indigenous patients with chronic coronary heart disease and hypertension from the Yamal-Nenets Autonomic District].

AIM: To investigate the specific features of a 24-hour blood pressure (BP) profile and heart rate variability (HRV) in the indigenous peoples (Nenets, Khanty, Selcups, and Komis) and newcomers with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypertension, who lived in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomic District. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two hundred male and females patients aged 21 to 55 years (mean age 48.2 +/- 0.7 years) with chronic CHD and hypertension, who resided in the Far North, were examined. All the patients were divided into 4 groups: (1) 50 aboriginal patients with hypertension only; (2) 50 newcomers with hypertension only; 3) 50 natives with chronic CHD and hypertension; (4) 50 non-natives with the above conditions. The groups were matched for gender, age, and the duration of hypertension and CHD. To study the nature of changes in the 24-hour BP profile, all the patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and HRV examination. RESULTS: The HRV analysis revealed that all the groups had increases in sympathetic autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity (88% in Group 1; 96% in Group 2; 94% in Group 3, and 92% in Group 4) and decreases in parasympathetic ANS activity (76% in Group 1; 74% in Group 2; 78% in Group 3; and 72% in Group 4), which was suggestive of neurocardiopathy. Analyzing the data of 24-hour ABPM showed that among the natives, there were more patients with increased systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP) variability and higher nocturnal SBP time index (TI). These groups also showed a preponderance of patients with abnormal 24-hour BP profiles as compared to the groups of newcomers (p = 0.034). Among the latter, there were more patients with higher SBP and DBP variability and increased daytime DBP TI and also more patients with a normal nocturnal BP reduction (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: The group of indigenous populations displayed a predominance of non-dippers and night-pickers and higher nocturnal SBP and DBP whereas the group of non-indigenous ones exhibited a preponderance of dippers and higher daytime SBP and DBP variability.

[Results of duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries and estimation of the lipid spectrum in coronary heart disease and arterial hypertension in indigenous and alien population of Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous District].

The work aimed at studying atherosclerotic lesions in brachiocephalic arteries and lipid spectrum in coronary heart disease (CHD) and arterial hypertension (AH) in indigenous and alien population of Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous District. It included 200 patients with CHD and AH (men and women aged 21-55 years, mean 48.2 +/- 07 yr). They were allocated to indigenous and alien groups (100 persons each). The patients matched for age and sex were examined by duplex scanning based at an outpatient facility (Salekhard). The indigenous population showed more pronounced thickening of the intima-media complex (IMC) of the common carotid artery (p = 0.001) and more frequent lesions of the main head arteries with stenosis of different severity (especially in internal carotid arteries). Total cholesterol, LDLP and atherogenicity index were similar in both groups and higher than normal. Indigenous subjects had less atherogenic structure of the lipid spectrum due to lower TG and VLDLP but higher HDLP levels.