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RATIONALE: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, especially the giant one from the abdominal pelvic cavity. We report on a rare case of a giant SFT of the abdominal pelvic cavity to review the existing literature in detail to improve the diagnosis and treatment of SFT. PATIENT CONCERNS: The patient is a 52-year-old female who presented with 2 weeks of abdominal distension. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging showed a giant mass (>20â cm) in the abdominal pelvic cavity, considered a mesenchymal tumor. She denies a history of tumor disease. DIAGNOSES: A whole abdomen bulge and a mass of about 18â cmâ ×â 10 cm on the right side and middle side were found in the physical examination after admission. Abdominal enhanced computed tomography revealed a giant cystic-solid mass located on the middle and right side of the abdominal pelvic cavity, measuring approximately 20.4â cmâ ×â 11.7â cm, with multiple cystic changes and necrosis and compression of adjacent organs and tissues, and marked inhomogeneous enhancement. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent an open abdominal pelvic cavity giant tumor operation to achieve a radical resection, and did not undergo chemotherapy or radiotherapy. OUTCOMES: The patient underwent open complete resection of a giant abdominal pelvic tumor with no complications and was diagnosed as SFT according to the pathology, immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor tested positive for CD34(+), STAT-6(+), and Ki-67 (10%). Abdominal computed tomography scans were performed 6 months after resection, and no signs of recurrence or metastasis were found. LESSONS: The clinical symptoms and imaging features of giant abdominal pelvic cavity SFT are not typical. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult and has the potential for malignancy. Based on the results of the current study, there is no standard treatment strategy around the world and the therapeutic effect of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is relatively limited. Thus, complete surgical resection and close clinical follow-up are advocated.
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Tumores Fibrosos Solitários , Humanos , Feminino , Tumores Fibrosos Solitários/cirurgia , Tumores Fibrosos Solitários/patologia , Tumores Fibrosos Solitários/diagnóstico , Tumores Fibrosos Solitários/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Neoplasias Abdominais/patologia , Neoplasias Abdominais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Abdominais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Abdominais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pélvicas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pélvicas/patologia , Neoplasias Pélvicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Pélvicas/diagnóstico , Cavidade Abdominal/patologia , Cavidade Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagem , Cavidade Abdominal/cirurgiaRESUMO
The potential role of the juvenile hormone receptor gene (methoprene-tolerant, Met) in reproduction of Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), was investigated by cloning, analyzing expression profiles by quantitative real-time PCR, and via RNA interference (RNAi). CsMet encoded a 1518-bp open reading frames with a predicted protein product of 505 amino acids; the latter contained 2 Per-Arnt-Sim repeat profile at amino acid residues 30-83 and 102-175. CsMet was expressed in different C. septempunctata larvae developmental stages and was most highly expressed in third instar. CsMet expression in female adults gradually increased from 20 to 30 d, and expression levels at 25 and 30 d were significantly higher than levels at 1-15 d. CsMet expression in 20-d-old male adults was significantly higher than in males aged 1-15 d. CsMet expression levels in fat body tissues of male and female adults were significantly higher than expression in the head, thorax, and reproductive system. At 5 and 10 d after CsMet-dsRNA injection, CsMet expression was significantly lower than the controls by 75.05% and 58.38%, respectively. Ovary development and vitellogenesis in C. septempunctata injected with CsMet-dsRNA were significantly delayed and fewer mature eggs were produced. This study provides valuable information for the large-scale rearing of C. septempunctata.
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Clonagem Molecular , Besouros , Proteínas de Insetos , Animais , Besouros/genética , Besouros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Besouros/metabolismo , Feminino , Masculino , Proteínas de Insetos/genética , Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo , Larva/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva/genética , Larva/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Interferência de RNA , FilogeniaRESUMO
Starvation therapy has shown promise as a cancer treatment, but its efficacy is often limited when used alone. In this work, a multifunctional nanoscale cascade enzyme system, named CaCO3@MnO2-NH2@GOx@PVP (CMGP), was fabricated for enhanced starvation/chemodynamic combination cancer therapy. CMGP is composed of CaCO3 nanoparticles wrapped in a MnO2 shell, with glucose oxidase (GOx) adsorbed and modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). MnO2 decomposes H2O2 in cancer cells into O2, which enhances the efficiency of GOx-mediated starvation therapy. CaCO3 can be decomposed in the acidic cancer cell environment, causing Ca2+ overload in cancer cells and inhibiting mitochondrial metabolism. This synergizes with GOx to achieve more efficient starvation therapy. Additionally, the H2O2 and gluconic acid produced during glucose consumption by GOx are utilized by MnO2 with catalase-like activity to enhance O2 production and Mn2+ release. This process accelerates glucose consumption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and CaCO3 decomposition, promoting the Ca2+ release. CMGP can alleviate tumor hypoxia by cycling the enzymatic cascade reaction, which increases enzyme activity and combines with Ca2+ overload to achieve enhanced combined starvation/chemodynamic therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that CMGP has effective anticancer abilities and good biosafety. It represents a new strategy with great potential for combined cancer therapy.
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Carbonato de Cálcio , Glucose Oxidase , Compostos de Manganês , Óxidos , Glucose Oxidase/metabolismo , Glucose Oxidase/química , Glucose Oxidase/farmacologia , Compostos de Manganês/química , Compostos de Manganês/farmacologia , Óxidos/química , Óxidos/farmacologia , Humanos , Animais , Carbonato de Cálcio/química , Carbonato de Cálcio/farmacologia , Carbonato de Cálcio/metabolismo , Camundongos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Povidona/química , Povidona/farmacologia , Hipóxia Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Tamanho da Partícula , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Propriedades de Superfície , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB CRESUMO
Group A rotavirus (RVA) is the primary etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children under 5 years of age. Despite the global implementation of vaccines, rotavirus infections continue to cause over 120,000 deaths annually, with a majority occurring in developing nations. Among infants, the P[8] rotavirus strain is the most prevalent and can be categorized into four distinct lineages. In this investigation, we expressed five VP4(aa26-476) proteins from different P[8] lineages of human rotavirus in E. coli and assessed their immunogenicity in rabbits. Among the different P[8] strains, the Wa-VP4 protein, derived from the MT025868.1 strain of the P[8]-1 lineage, exhibited successful purification in a highly homogeneous form and significantly elicited higher levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against both homologous and heterologous rotaviruses compared to other VP4 proteins derived from different P[8] lineages in rabbits. Furthermore, we assessed the immunogenicity of the Wa-VP4 protein in mice, pigs, and cynomolgus monkeys, observing that it induced robust production of nAbs in all animals. Interestingly, there was no significant difference between in nAb titers against homologous and heterologous rotaviruses in pigs and mankeys. Collectively, these findings suggest that the Wa-VP4* protein may serve as a potential candidate for a rotavirus vaccine.
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Anticorpos Neutralizantes , Anticorpos Antivirais , Proteínas do Capsídeo , Macaca fascicularis , Infecções por Rotavirus , Vacinas contra Rotavirus , Rotavirus , Animais , Anticorpos Neutralizantes/imunologia , Anticorpos Neutralizantes/sangue , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/imunologia , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Suínos , Coelhos , Camundongos , Rotavirus/imunologia , Rotavirus/genética , Proteínas do Capsídeo/imunologia , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Infecções por Rotavirus/prevenção & controle , Infecções por Rotavirus/imunologia , Feminino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Humanos , Imunogenicidade da Vacina , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/imunologia , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/genéticaRESUMO
Treatment response and prognosis estimation in advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma are challenged by the significant heterogeneity of the disease. The current Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria, despite providing a basis for solid tumor response evaluation, do not fully encompass this heterogeneity. To better represent these nuances, we introduce the intertumoral heterogeneity response score (THRscore), a measure built upon and expanding the RECIST criteria. This retrospective study included patients with 3-10 measurable advanced lung adenocarcinoma lesions who underwent first-line chemotherapy or targeted therapy. The THRscore, derived from the coefficient of variation in size for each measurable tumor before and 4-6 weeks posttreatment, unveiled a correlation with patient outcomes. Specifically, a high THRscore was associated with shorter progression-free survival, lower tumor response rate, and a higher tumor mutation burden. These associations were further validated in an external cohort, confirming THRscore's effectiveness in stratifying patients based on progression risk and treatment response, and enhancing the utility of RECIST in capturing complex tumor behaviors in lung adenocarcinoma. These findings affirm the promise of THRscore as an enhanced tool for tumor response assessment in advanced lung adenocarcinoma, extending the RECIST criteria's utility.
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Bauhinia glauca subsp. hupehana (Craib) T. C. Chen 1988, a member of the Leguminosae family, Cercidoideae subfamily, and Bauhinia genus, has a rich history of traditional usage in Chinese medicine. Renowned for its analgesic properties, it is commonly employed for managing inflammation and pain. This study aimed to sequence the complete chloroplast genome of B. glauca subsp. hupehana using Illumina paired-end sequencing data. The chloroplast genome spans 156,967 bp and consists of four main regions: the large single-copy (LSC) region (89,185 bp), the small single-copy (SSC) region (19,146 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) (24,318 bp). The overall GC content of the chloroplast genome is 36.19%, with specific values of 33.99%, 29.79%, and 42.76% for the LSC, SSC, and IR regions, respectively. A total of 128 genes were annotated in the chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that B. glauca subsp. hupehana is closely related to Bauhinia racemose, indicating a sister taxon relationship between the two species. This study significantly contributes to the chloroplast genomic resource for Bauhinia, laying the groundwork for future phylogenetic investigations within the genus.
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BACKGROUND: Recently, the enzymatic cascade reactions during the cellular process are widely used for fabricating robust biosensors and they have attracted extensive attention in analyzing various clinical biomarkers. The enzymatic cascades analysis is commonly based on the peroxidase (POD)/oxidase coupled system. However, the requirement of harsh acidic environment, poor stability and interference from the oxidase further limit their analytical practicability. Herein, novel chromogenic nanomaterials with H2O2 sensitive features are urgently required to replace the POD nanozyme in enzymatic cascades based bioanalysis. RESULTS: Herein, oxygen deficient MoO3-x with H2O2 sensitive features and near-infrared (NIR) absorption band have been ultra-fast synthesized and utilized for the enzymatic cascades analysis of α-Glucosidase's activity, and inhibitors screening. With the addition of 4-nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside, the simultaneous presence of α-Glucosidase and glucose oxidase (GOx) would fade their dark blue color and decrease the NIR absorption. The α-Glucosidase's activity can be analyzed by the absorption at 770 nm, and their limit of detection is 8 × 10-5 U/mL, indicating the superior performance of the proposed colorimetric assay. Moreover, this proposed α-Glucosidase assay is further utilized for inhibitors screening. Moreover, the activity of α-Glucosidase can also be analyzed by the smartphone and microplate reader through the agarose-based colorimetric portable kit. SIGNIFICANCE: This MoO3-x involved enzymatic cascades assay would facilitate for the development of bio-analysis related to H2O2 generation or consumption. Moreover, this bio-analysis strategy will contribute to the development of other H2O2 sensitive chromogenic nanomaterials for the analysis of certain biomolecules and biological enzymes.
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Nanoestruturas , alfa-Glucosidases , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/análise , Peroxidases , Peroxidase , Corantes , Oxigênio , ColorimetriaRESUMO
Chronic diabetic wounds remain a worldwide challenge for both the clinic and research. Given the vicious circle of oxidative stress and inflammatory response as well as the impaired angiogenesis of the diabetic wound tissues, the wound healing process is disturbed and poorly responds to the current treatments. In this work, a nickel-based metal-organic framework (MOF, Ni-HHTP) with excellent antioxidant activity and proangiogenic function is developed to accelerate the healing process of chronic diabetic wounds. The Ni-HHTP can mimic the enzymatic catalytic activities of antioxidant enzymes to eliminate multi-types of reactive species through electron transfer reactions, which protects cells from oxidative stress-related damage. Moreover, this Ni-based MOF can promote cell migration and angiogenesis by activating transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) in vitro and reprogram macrophages to the anti-inflammatory phenotype. Importantly, Ni-HHTP effectively promotes the healing process of diabetic wounds by suppressing the inflammatory response and enhancing angiogenesis in vivo. This study reports a versatile and promising MOF-based nanozyme for diabetic wound healing, which may be extended in combination with other wound dressings to enhance the management of diabetic or non-healing wounds.
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Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Estruturas Metalorgânicas , Animais , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Estruturas Metalorgânicas/farmacologia , Níquel , Angiogênese , Cicatrização/fisiologia , Antioxidantes , HidrogéisRESUMO
Applying antibacterial polymers and pro-regenerative small molecules are two individual strategies for accelerating wound healing. However, integrating those two unique approaches into one therapeutic platform that meets clinical requirements is still a challenge. Herein, a series of antibacterial gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/ε-polylysine (ε-PL) composite hydrogels (termed as GP-n HGs, n = 0, 10, 20, and 30, respectively) are innovatively fabricated by ultraviolet light (UV) crosslinking. The GP-n HGs are proved to be broad-spectrum antibacterial and biocompatible. Among those GP-n HGs, the GP-20 HG is selectively processed into microneedle following a mold-casting method. Then, the glabridin is loaded into those needles to produce composite microneedle termed GP-20@Gla MN. An S. aureus-infected full-thickness defect model in rats is created to evaluate the wound-healing effect of GP-20@Gla MN. Furthermore, an RNA sequencing assay is performed to explore the possible molecular mechanisms of glabridin in promoting tissue regeneration, and many positive routes are summarized. This work is of significant novelty in fulfilling complex clinical needs by simultaneously optimizing the advanced microneedles' chemical compositions and physical structures. This work will provide a promising therapeutic platform for treating infected and chronic wounds.
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Isoflavonas , Fenóis , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Animais , Ratos , Staphylococcus aureus , Isoflavonas/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a catastrophic complication following joint replacement surgery. One potential treatment approach for PJI could be the combination of one-stage revision and intra-articular infusion of antibiotics. Meropenem is one of the commonly used intra-articular antibiotics in our institution. Determining the concentration of meropenem in the joint cavity could be crucial for optimizing its local application, effectively eradicating biofilm infection, and improving PJI treatment outcomes. In this study, we developed a simple, precise, and accurate method of two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) for determining the concentration of meropenem in human synovial fluid. The method was then validated based on the guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Meropenem showed good linearity in the range of 0.31-25.01 µg/mL (r ≥ .999). Selectivity, intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy, extraction recovery, and stability validation results were all within the acceptance range. This method has been successfully applied to the determination of synovial fluid samples from PJI patients, providing a useful detection method for meropenem therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in PJI patients.
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Artroplastia de Quadril , Artroplastia do Joelho , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese , Humanos , Meropeném , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Líquido Sinovial/química , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/diagnóstico , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/etiologia , Biomarcadores/análise , Antibacterianos/análise , Cromatografia LíquidaRESUMO
A series of ß-carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing the chalcone moiety into the harmine. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated their anti-proliferative activities against six human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, HT29, A549, and PC-3) and one normal cell line (L02). Among them, compound G11 exhibited the potent anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 0.34 µM. Further biological studies revealed that compound G11 inhibited colony formation of MCF-7 cells, suppressed MCF-7 cell migration by downregulating migration-associated protein MMP-2. In addition, it could induce apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by downregulating Bcl-2 and upregulating Cleaved-PARP, Bax, and phosphorylated Bim proteins. Furthermore, compound G11 can act as a Topo I inhibitor, affecting DNA synthesis and transcription, thereby inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. Moreover, compound G11 inhibited tumor growth in 4T1 syngeneic transplant mice with an inhibition rate of 43.19 % at a dose of 10 mg/kg, and 63.87 % at 20 mg/kg, without causing significant toxicity to the mice or their organs, achieving the goal of reduced toxicity and increased efficacy. All these results indicate of G11 has enormous potential as an anti-tumor agent and merits further investigation.
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Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Harmina/farmacologia , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/farmacologia , Inibidores da Topoisomerase I/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Células MCF-7 , Proliferação de Células , Apoptose , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Double-stranded DNA-specific cytidine deaminase (DddA) base editors hold great promise for applications in bio-medical research, medicine, and biotechnology. Strict sequence preference on spacing region presents a challenge for DddA editors to reach their full potential. To overcome this sequence-context constraint, we analyzed a protein dataset and identified a novel DddAtox homolog from Ruminococcus sp. AF17-6 (RsDddA). We engineered RsDddA for mitochondrial base editing in a mammalian cell line and demonstrated RsDddA-derived cytosine base editors (RsDdCBE) offered a broadened NC sequence compatibility and exhibited robust editing efficiency. Moreover, our results suggest the average frequencies of mitochondrial genome-wide off-target editing arising from RsDdCBE are comparable to canonical DdCBE and its variants.
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Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) open new possibilities for the development of artificial enzymes that have catalytic activity comparable to that of natural peroxidase (POD). So far, most efforts have focused on the structural modulation of the Fe-N4 moiety to mimic the metalloprotein heme center. However, non-heme-iron POD with much higher activity, for example, HppE, has not been mimicked successfully due to its structural complexity. Herein, carbon dots (CDs)-supported SAzymes with twisted, nonplanar Fe-O3N2 active sites, highly similar to the non-heme iron center of HppE, was synthesized by exploiting disordered and subnanoscale domains in CDs. The Fe-CDs exhibit an excellent POD activity of 750 units/mg, surpassing the values of conventional SAzymes with planar Fe-N4. We further fabricated an activatable Fe-CDs-based therapeutic agent with near-infrared enhanced POD activity, a photothermal effect, and tumor-targeting ability. Our results represent a big step in the design of high-performance SAzymes and provide guidance for future applications for synergistic tumor therapy.
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Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been widely used in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity in adults, but scientific research about the indication in children and adolescents is scarce. The current study aims to explore the prescriptions of GLP-1RAs in children and adolescents in China and to evaluate its rationality. Methods: GLP-1RA prescriptions of children and adolescents were retrospectively obtained from the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperative Project. The study extracted information on patient's demographic characteristics, monotherapy and combination therapy of GLP-1RAs, and trends in GLP-1RA usage from 2016 to 2021. The rationality of GLP-1RA prescriptions was comprehensively assessed based on the indications approved by China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Medicines Agency (EMA), Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), and published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Results: A total of 234 prescriptions from 46 hospitals were included, with a median age of 17 years old. The majority of patients were diagnosed with overweight/obesity or prediabetes/diabetes, accounting for 43.59% and 46.15%, respectively. There were 88 patients on GLP-1RA monotherapy. GLP-1RAs plus metformin was the most common combination therapy (38.89%). 12.39% of patients were found a co-administration with orlistat. The share of overweight/obesity prescriptions increased from 27% in 2016 to 54% in 2021, whereas prediabetes/diabetes prescriptions declined from 55% to 42%. The prescriptions were divided into appropriate and questionable groups according to the diagnosis, and the potentially questionable prescription was related to age (p = 0.017), department visited (p = 0.002), and any hospitalization (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study described the prescribing of GLP-1RAs in children and adolescents. Our findings indicated that the utilization of GLP-1RAs has increased from 2016 to 2021. There was a strong basis for administering GLP-1RAs in overweight/obesity and prediabetes/diabetes, whereas the evidence was insufficient in other conditions. It is crucial to demand robust and sustained efforts to enhance the awareness of the safety of utilization of GLP-1RAs in children and adolescents.
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Estado Pré-Diabético , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , China/epidemiologia , Receptor do Peptídeo Semelhante ao Glucagon 1 , Obesidade , Sobrepeso , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Ceramide, a bioactive sphingolipid, serves as an important second messenger in cell signal transduction. Under stressful conditions, it can be generated from de novo synthesis, sphingomyelin hydrolysis, and/or the salvage pathway. The brain is rich in lipids, and abnormal lipid levels are associated with a variety of brain disorders. Cerebrovascular diseases, which are mainly caused by abnormal cerebral blood flow and secondary neurological injury, are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. There is a growing body of evidence for a close connection between elevated ceramide levels and cerebrovascular diseases, especially stroke and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The increased ceramide has broad effects on different types of brain cells, including endothelial cells, microglia, and neurons. Therefore, strategies that reduce ceramide synthesis, such as modifying sphingomyelinase activity or the rate-limiting enzyme of the de novo synthesis pathway, serine palmitoyltransferase, may represent novel and promising therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat cerebrovascular injury-related diseases.
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Due to the worldwide ecological and environmental issues induced by heavy metal pollution, including zinc and manganese, the ratio-metric discrimination of Zn2+ and Mn2+ based on CDs is urgently required. In this work, reduced CDs (re-CDs) with the intrinsic dual emissive peaks are obtained, and specific discrimination of Zn2+ and Mn2+ is realized by re-CDs with ratio-metric mode. With the addition of Zn2+, the fluorescent (FL) intensity at 650 nm increases obviously, while that at 680 nm progressively decreases. However, the presence of Mn2+ would induce the quenching of FL intensity at 680 nm while that at 650 nm remains constant. Then the Zn2+ and Mn2+ can be separately determined with the ratio of FL intensity at 650 nm to that at 680 mm (F650/F680). Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) of Zn2+ is determined to be 9.09 nmol/L, and that for Mn2+ is estimated to be 0.93 nmol/L, which is much lower than previously reported work and standard level of Zn2+ and Mn2+ permitted in drinking water by WHO. Moreover, the specific recognition of Mn2+ and Zn2+ can be realized via the addition of different masking agents (ethylenediamine for Zn2+ and triethanolamine for Mn2+). Furthermore, our results reveal that the structural changes from -NH-CO to -NC-OH induced by Zn2+ contribute to the shift of FL peak from 680 to 650 nm while both static and dynamic quenching processes are involved in the detection of Mn2+. The ratio-metric probe was successfully applied to Zn2+ and Mn2+ determination in human serum samples and Sandy Lake water.
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Pickering emulsions stabilized by food-grade colloidal particles have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their "surfactant-free" nature. In this study, the alkali-treated zein (AZ) was prepared via restricted alkali deamidation and then combined with sodium alginate (SA) in different ratios to obtain AZ/SA composite particles (ZS), which were used to stabilize Pickering emulsion. The degree of deamidation (DD) and degree of hydrolysis (DH) of AZ were 12.74% and 6.58% respectively, indicating the deamidation occurred mainly in glutamine on the side chain of the protein. After the treatment with alkali, AZ particle size decreased significantly. Moreover, the particle size of ZS with different ratios was all less than 80 nm. when the AZ/SA ratio was 2:1(Z2S1) and 3:1(Z3S1), the three-phase contact angle (θo/w) were close to 90°, which was favorable for stabilizing the Pickering emulsion. Furthermore, at a high oil phase fraction (75%), Z3S1-stabilized Pickering emulsions showed the best long-term storage stability within 60 days. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) observations showed that the water-oil interface was wrapped by a dense layer of Z3S1 particles with non-agglomeration between independent oil droplets. At constant particle concentration, the apparent viscosity of the Pickering emulsions stabilized by Z3S1 gradually decreased with increasing oil phase fraction, and the oil-droplet size and the Turbiscan stability index (TSI) also gradually decreased, exhibiting solid-like behavior. This study provides new ideas for the fabrication of food-grade Pickering emulsions and will extend the future applications of zein-based Pickering emulsions as bioactive ingredient delivery systems.
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Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) are commonly used for photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer because of their good biocompatibility and photothermal conversion capability. However, it is difficult to achieve a good tumor inhibition effect with a single PTT of PDA. Therefore, in this work, we prepared a combined anticancer nanosystem for enhanced chemodynamic therapy (CDT)/PTT by coating PDAs with an (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/iron (Fe) metal-polyphenol network (MPN). The MPN shell of this nanosystem named EGCG@PDA is degraded by the weakly acidic environment intracellular, releasing EGCG and Fe3+. EGCG inhibits the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in cancer cells, thus eliminating their thermal protection against cancer cells for enhanced PTT. Meanwhile, the reductive EGCG can also reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, to catalyze the decomposition of overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in cancer cells to generate strong oxidative hydroxyl radicals (OH), i.e., catalyzing the Fenton reaction, for CDT. After the Fenton reaction, the re-oxidized Fe ions can be reduced again by EGCG and reused to catalyze the Fenton reaction, which can achieve enhanced CDT. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that EGCG@PDA has low dark toxicity and good anticancer effects. It is expected to be used for precision cancer therapy.
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Nanopartículas , Neoplasias , Humanos , Polifenóis , Fototerapia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Metais , Linhagem Celular TumoralRESUMO
Natural polysaccharides with high viscosity, good thermal stability, and biocompatibility can improve the mechanical properties of inorganic silica aerogels and enhance their application safety. However, the effects of the preparation methods of polysaccharide-silica aerogels on their microstructure and application properties have not been systematically studied. To better investigate the effect of the microstructure on the properties of aerogel materials, two aerogels with different structures were prepared using Konjac glucomannan (KGM) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) via physical blending (KTB) and co-precursor methods (KTC), respectively. The structural differences between the KTB and KTC aerogels were characterized, and the thermal insulation and fire-retardant properties were further investigated. The compressive strength of the KTC aerogels with a cross-linked interpenetrating network (IPN) structure was three times higher than that of the KTB aerogels, while their thermal conductivity was 1/3 of that of the KTB aerogels. The maximum limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the KTC aerogels was 1.4 times, the low peak heat release rate (PHRR) was reduced by 61.45%, and the lowest total heat release (THR) was reduced by 41.35% compared with the KTB aerogels. The results showed that the KTC aerogels with the IPN have better mechanical properties, thermal insulation, and fire-retardant properties than the simple physically blending KTB aerogels. This may be due to the stronger hydrogen-bonding interactions between KGM and silica molecules in the KTC aerogels under the unique forcing effect of the IPN, thus enhancing their structural stability and achieving complementary properties. This work will provide new ideas for the microstructure design of aerogels and the research of new thermal insulation and fire-retardant aerogels.