Ionic-physical-chemical triple cross-linked all-biomass-based aerogel for thermal insulation applications.

Aerogels, as a unique porous material, are expected to be used as insulation materials to solve the global environmental and energy crisis. Using chitosan, citric acid, pectin and phytic acid as raw materials, an all-biomass-based aerogel with high modulus was prepared by the triple strategy of ionic, physical and chemical cross-linking through directional freezing technique. Based on this three-dimensional network, the aerogel exhibited excellent compressive modulus (24.89 ± 1.76 MPa) over a wide temperature range and thermal insulation properties. In the presence of chitosan, citric acid and phytic acid, the aerogel obtained excellent fire safety (LOI value up to 31.2%) and antibacterial properties (antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached 81.98% and 67.43%). In addition, the modified aerogel exhibited excellent hydrophobicity (hydrophobic angle of 146°) and oil-water separation properties. More importantly, the aerogel exhibited a biodegradation rate of up to 40.31% for 35 days due to its all-biomass nature. This work provides a green and sustainable strategy for the production of highly environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials with high strength, flame retardant, antibacterial and hydrophobic properties.

Control of large amplitude limit cycle of a multi-dimensional nonlinear dynamic system of a composite cantilever beam.

For the first time, a control strategy based on Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control is implemented in the control of a large amplitude limit cycle of a composite cantilever beam in a multi-dimensional nonlinear form. In the dynamic model establishment of the investigated structure, the higher-order shearing effect is applied, as well as the second-order discretization. Numerical simulation demonstrates that a multi-dimensional nonlinear dynamic system of the investigated structure is demanded for accurate estimation of large amplitude limit cycle responses. Therefore, a control strategy is employed to effectively suppress such responses of the beam in multi-dimensional nonlinear form.

Central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference as a guiding parameter for cardiotonic drug administration in patients with early-stage septic shock.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (Pcv-aCO2) on the administration of cardiotonic drugs in patients with early-stage septic shock. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 120 patients suffering from septic shock. At admission, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and Pcv-aCO2 of the patients were obtained. On the premise of mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 65 mmHg, the patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment approaches adopted by different doctors-Control group: LVEF ≤50%; Observation group: Pcv-aCO2 ≥ 6. Both groups received cardiotonic therapy. RESULTS: The two groups of patients had similar general conditions and pre-resuscitation conditions (P > 0.05). Compared to the Control group, the Observation group had a higher MAP, Lac clearance rate, and urine output after six hours of resuscitation (P < 0.05), but a lower absolute value of Lac, total fluid intake in 24 hours, and a lower number of patients receiving renal replacement therapy during hospitalization (P < 0.05). After six hours of resuscitation, the percentages of patients meeting central venous oxygen saturation and central venous pressure targets were not significantly different between the Control and Observation groups (P > 0.05). There was no difference in the 28-day mortality rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Pcv-aCO2 is more effective than LVEF in guiding the administration of cardiotonic drugs in the treatment of patients with septic shock.

Engineering of a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase to improve substrate scope, stereoselectivity and regioselectivity.

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases belong to a family of flavin-binding proteins that catalyze the Baeyer-Villiger (BV) oxidation of ketones to produce lactones or esters, which are important intermediates in pharmaceuticals or sustainable materials. Phenylacetone monooxygenase (PAMO) from Thermobifida fusca with moderate thermostability catalyzes the oxidation of aryl ketone substrates, but is limited by high specificity and narrow substrate scope. In the present study, we applied loop optimization by loop swapping followed by focused saturation mutagenesis in order to evolve PAMO mutants capable of catalyzing the regioselective BV oxidation of cyclohexanone and cyclobutanone derivatives with formation of either normal or abnormal esters or lactones. We further modulated PAMO to increase enantioselectivity. Crystal structure studies indicate that rotation occurs in the NADP-binding domain and that the high B-factor region is predominantly distributed in the catalytic pocket residues. Computational analyses further revealed dynamic character in the catalytic pocket and reshaped hydrogen bond interaction networks, which is more favorable for substrate binding. Our study provides useful insights for studying enzyme-substrate adaptations.

Wettability behavior of DTMS modified SiO2: Experimental and molecular dynamics study.

In this research, the wetting behavior of SiO2 modified with dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS) was explored using both experimental and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approaches. The experimental results reveal that DTMS can chemically bond to the SiO2 surface, and the contact angle (CA) reaches the maximum value of 157.7° when the mass of DTMS is twice that of SiO2. The different wetting behaviors caused by DTMS grafting were analyzed by CA fitting, ionic pairs, concentration distribution, molecule orientation, and interfacial interaction energy. The results demonstrate that a 25 % DTMS grafting rate resulted in a maximum CA of 158.2°, which is ascribed to the disruption of interfacial hydrogen bonding and changes in the hydration structure caused by DTMS grafting. Moreover, the above hydrophobic SiO2 model shows a slight decrease in CA as the water temperature increases, which is consistent with the experimental findings. In contrast, an opposite change was observed for the pristine SiO2 model. Although the higher water temperature enhances the diffusion capacity of water molecules in both models, the difference in interfacial interactions is responsible for the change in CA. We hope this finding will contribute to a deeper understanding of the wetting adjustment of SiO2.

Iron indices mediate but not modify association of parathyroid hormone with erythropoietin resistance in hemodialysis patients.

INTRODUCTION: Disordered iron balance and abnormal parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations, both prevalent in hemodialysis patients, are risk factors of erythropoietin (EPO) resistance. Few studies have evaluated the correlation between iron indices and PTH and the potential role of iron markers on the association of PTH with EPO resistance in hemodialysis population. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 71 maintenance hemodialysis patients, iron indices including hepcidin, ferritin, reticulocyte hemoglobin content (CHr) and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were examined. EPO responsiveness was measured as EPO resistance index (ERI). Lowess regression curves were performed to explore the cor-relations of iron indices, PTH and ERI. The association between PTH and ERI was modeled using linear regressions. Potential role of iron indices on this association was examined using stratified analyses and mediation analyses. RESULTS: The average ERI value of 10.3 ± 5.3 IU w-1 kg-1 (g/dL) -1. ERI was linked to PTH, hepcidin, CHr and TSAT (all P<0.05). PTH was associated with ERI levels (ß=0.007, 95%CI: 0.002-0.012, P=0.007). Hepcidin and PTH were closely correlated with each other (r = 0.28, P = 0.020). No clinically significant interaction between iron indexes and PTH was identified. Hepcidin appeared to mediate about one-fourth of the total association between PTH and ERI in hemodialysis population (25.71%, P=0.020). CONCLUSION: Iron indices and PTH levels were related to ERI values. Hepcidin ap-peared to be closely correlated to PTH and partly mediate the association between PTH and ERI in he-modialysis population.

Dynamic structural evolution of MgO-supported palladium catalysts: from metal to metal oxide nanoparticles to surface then subsurface atomically dispersed cations.

Supported noble metal catalysts, ubiquitous in chemical technology, often undergo dynamic transformations between reduced and oxidized states-which influence the metal nuclearities, oxidation states, and catalytic properties. In this investigation, we report the results of in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and other physical characterization techniques, bolstered by density functional theory, to elucidate the structural transformations of a set of MgO-supported palladium catalysts under oxidative treatment conditions. As the calcination temperature increased, the as-synthesized supported metallic palladium nanoparticles underwent oxidation to form palladium oxides (at approximately 400 °C), which, at approximately 500 °C, were oxidatively fragmented to form mixtures of atomically dispersed palladium cations. The data indicate two distinct types of atomically dispersed species: palladium cations located at MgO steps and those embedded in the first subsurface layer of MgO. The former exhibit significantly higher (>500 times) catalytic activity for ethylene hydrogenation than the latter. The results pave the way for designing highly active and stable supported palladium hydrogenation catalysts with optimized metal utilization.

Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota: 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children (8-12 years old) using 16S rDNA sequencing. The research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood obesity. Thirty normal-weight and thirty age- and sex-matched obese children were included. Questionnaires and body measurements were collected, and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA sequencing. Significant differences in body mass index (BMI) and body-fat percentage were observed between the groups. Analysis of gut microbiota diversity revealed lower α-diversity in obese children. Di-fferences in gut microbiota composition were found between the two groups. Prevotella and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group, while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control group. AIM: To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children (8-12-year-old) using 16S rDNA sequencing, and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood obesity. METHODS: Thirty each normal-weight, 1:1 matched for age and sex, and obese children, with an obese status from 2020 to 2022, were included in the control and obese groups, respectively. Basic information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight children. Fecal samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity analysis. RESULTS: Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two groups. The Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group, whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson indices. Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children (P < 0.01), suggesting substantial disparities in both the species and quantity of gut microbiota between the two groups. Prevotella, Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Sanguibacteroides were more abundant in the obese and control groups, respectively. Heatmap results demonstrated significant differences in the gut microbiota composition between obese and normal-weight children. CONCLUSION: Obese children exhibited lower α-diversity in their gut microbiota than did the normal-weight children. Significant differences were observed in the composition of gut microbiota between obese and normal-weight children.

Intermittent melena and refractory anemia due to jejunal cavernous lymphangioma: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Lymphangiomas in the gastrointestinal tract are extremely rare in adults. As a benign lesion, small intestine lymphangiomas often remain asymptomatic and pose challenges for definitive diagnosis. However, lymphangiomas can give rise to complications such as abdominal pain, bleeding, volvulus, and intussusception. Here, we report a case of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma that presented with intermittent melena and refractory anemia in a male adult. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old man presented with intermittent melena, fatigue and refractory anemia nine months prior. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy were performed many times and revealed no apparent bleeding. Conservative management, including transfusion, hemostasis, gastric acid secretion inhibition and symptomatic treatment, was performed, but the lesions tended to recur shortly after surgery. Ultimately, the patient underwent capsule endoscopy, which revealed a more than 10 cm lesion accompanied by active bleeding. After single-balloon enteroscopy and biopsy, a diagnosis of jejunal cavernous lymphangioma was confirmed, and the patient underwent surgical resection. No complications or recurrences were observed postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Jejunal cavernous lymphangioma should be considered a cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Capsule endoscopy and single-balloon enteroscopy can facilitate diagnosis. Surgical resection is an effective management method.

The coupling of sulfide and Fe-Mn mineral promotes the migration of lead and zinc in the redox cycle of high pH floodplain soils.

In this study, we investigated the impact of fluctuating water levels on the distribution of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in soil and sediments at a historical Pb-Zn smelting site along the Xiangjiang River. Despite the high pH levels (7 to 11) in the study area, which generally inhibits heavy metal solubility, we found that regular changes in water levels still affect Pb-Zn movement. Soil analysis revealed distinct redox zones within the unconfined aquifer, as shown by the variable Fe/Mn and Ce/Ce* ratios. Advanced techniques such as Mn K-edge XAFS, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and TOF-SIMS indicated persistent Fe-Mn redox cycling and highlighted the presence of Pb and Zn-rich manganese oxides near sulfur-bearing minerals. These findings suggest that acidic microzones produced by the oxidation of sulfur-bearing minerals become "refuges" for microbial and heavy metal activity. Considering that sulfur-containing minerals are widespread waste types in nonferrous metal smelting sites, these findings are instructive for a better understanding of the transformation mechanisms of heavy metal ions in nonferrous metal smelting-polluted environments and for guiding pollution remediation strategies.

Unlocking the potential of biochar: an iron-phosphorus-based composite modified adsorbent for adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in aqueous environments and response surface optimization of adsorption conditions.

In this work, iron-phosphorus based composite biochar (FPBC) was prepared by modification with potassium phosphate and iron oxides for the removal of heavy metal ions from single and mixed heavy metal (Pb and Cd) solutions. FTIR and XPS characterization experiments showed that the novel modified biochar had a greater number of surface functional groups compared to the pristine biochar. The maximum adsorption capacities of FPBC for Pb(II) and Cd(II) were 211.66 mg·g-1 and 94.08 mg·g-1 at 293 K. The adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by FPBC followed the proposed two-step adsorption kinetic model and the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model, suggesting that the mechanism of adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by FPBC involved chemical adsorption of multiple layers. Mechanistic studies showed that the introduction of -PO4 and -PO3 chemisorbed with Pb(II) and Cd(II), and the introduction of -Fe-O increased the ion exchange with Pb(II) and Cd(II) during the adsorption process and produced precipitates such as Pb3Fe(PO4)3 and Cd5Fe2(P2O7)4. Additionally, the abundant -OH and -COOH groups also participated in the removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II). In addition, FPBC demonstrated strong selective adsorption of Pb(II) in mixed heavy metal solutions. The Response Surface Methodology(RSM) analysis determined the optimal adsorption conditions for FPBC as pH 5.31, temperature 26.01 °C, and Pb(II) concentration 306.30 mg·L-1 for Pb(II). Similarly, the optimal adsorption conditions for Cd(II) were found to be pH 5.66, temperature 39.34 °C, and Cd(II) concentration 267.68 mg·L-1. Therefore, FPBC has the potential for application as a composite-modified adsorbent for the adsorption of multiple heavy metal ions.

Dissolved organic matter, calcium ion and extracellular polymeric substances on living associated bacteria of Microcystis colony are crucial for unicellular Microcystis to efficiently form colonies.

Microcystis typically forms colonies under natural conditions, which contributes to occurrence and prevalence of algal blooms. The colonies consist of Microcystis and associated bacteria (AB), embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Previous studies indicate that AB can induce Microcystis to form colonies, however the efficiency is generally low and results in a uniform morphotype. In this study, by using filtrated natural water, several AB strains induced unicellular M. aeruginosa to form colonies resembling several Microcystis morphotypes. The mechanisms were investigated with Methylobacterium sp. Z5. Ca2+ was necessary for Z5 to induce Microcystis to form colonies, while dissolved organic matters (DOM) facilitated AB to agglomerate Microcystis to form large colonies. EPS of living Z5, mainly the aromatic protein components, played a key role in colony induction. Z5 initially aggregated Microcystis via the bridging effects of Ca2+ and DOM, followed by the induction of EPS synthesis and secretion in Microcystis. In this process, the colony forming mode shifted from cell adhesion to a combination of cell adhesion and cell division. Intriguingly, Z5 drove the genomic rearrangement of Microcystis by upregulating some transposase genes. This study unveiled a novel mechanism about Microcystis colony formation and identified a new driver of Microcystis genomic evolution.

Carbon removal, sequestration and release by mariculture in an important aquaculture area, China.

To combat with climate change, most countries have set carbon neutrality target. However, our understanding on carbon removal, release and sequestration by mariculture remains unclear. Here, carbon removal, release and sequestration by maricultured seaweeds, shellfish and fish in Shandong Province during 2003-2022 were assessed using a comprehensive method that considers the processes of biological metabolism, seawater chemistry and carbon footprint. Saccharina japonica productivity has been largely enhanced since 2014, resulting in increased production and CO2 removal and sequestration. Seaweeds removed 172 Gg C and sequestered 62 Gg C in 2022. CO2 removal and release by shellfish demonstrated a slow increase trend, ranging from 231 to 374 Gg C yr-1 and 897 to 1438 Gg C yr-1 during 2003-2022, respectively. Contrary to seaweed and shellfish, maricultured fish added CO2 to seawater due to the use of feeds. The added CO2 by fish culture achieved the peak of 60 Gg C in 2011 and decreased to 25 Gg C in 2022. Most of this added CO2 was released to atmosphere by microbial mineralization and it was in the range of 21-52 Gg C yr-1 during 2003-2022. After summing up the contribution of seaweeds, shellfish and fish, both total CO2 removal (from 110 to 259 Gg C yr-1) and total CO2 release (from 929 to 1429 Gg C yr-1) increased remarkably during the past 20 years. To neutralize CO2 release by shellfish and fish, Pyropia yezoensis needs the largest culture area (1.65 ± 0.15 × 106 ha) while Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis requires the smallest area (0.11 ± 0.03 × 106 ha). In addition, there are enough available areas for culturing G. lemaneiformis, Ulva prolifera and Sargassum fusifarme to neutralize total CO2 emission in Shandong Province. This study elucidates carbon removal, release and sequestration capacities of mariculture and indicates that seaweed culture has a tremendous potential to achieve carbon neutrality target in Shandong.

Temperature Self-Compensating Intelligent Wireless Measuring Contact Lens for Quantitative Intraocular Pressure Monitoring.

Flexible bioelectronic devices that can perform real-time and accurate intraocular pressure (IOP) monitoring in both clinical and home settings hold significant implications for the diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma, yet they face challenges due to the open physiological environment of the ocular. Herein, we develop an intelligent wireless measuring contact lens (WMCL) incorporating a dual inductor-capacitor-resistor (LCR) resonant system to achieve temperature self-compensation for quantitative IOP monitoring in different application environments. The WMCL utilizes a compact circuitry design, which enables the integration of low-frequency and high-frequency resonators within a single layer of a sensing circuit without causing visual impairment. Mechanically guided microscale 3D encapsulation strategy combined with flexible circuit printing techniques achieves the surface-adaptive fabrication of the WMCL. The specific design of frequency separation imparts distinct temperature response characteristics to the dual resonators, and the linear combination of the dual resonators can eliminate the impact of temperature variations on measurement accuracy. The WMCL demonstrates outstanding sensitivity and linearity in monitoring the IOP of porcine eyes in vitro while maintaining satisfactory measurement accuracy even with internal temperature variations exceeding 10 °C. Overcoming the impact of temperature variations on IOP monitoring from the system level, the WMCL showcases immense potential as the next generation of all-weather IOP monitoring devices.

Remote Radical Azidation of Unactivated C(sp3)-H Bonds in Sulfamoyl Azides.

An efficient method for remote radical C(sp3)-H azidation at unactivated sites is described. C-H functionalization proceeds via intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer to N-centered radicals that are generated via azido group transfer and/or fragmentation. The readily installed sulfamoyl azide serves as both an amidyl radical precursor and an azido source. This reaction features excellent site selectivity for tertiary, secondary, primary, and benzylic C(sp3)-H bonds and exhibits broad functional group compatibility.

DPP3 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis by stabilizing FASN and promoting lipid synthesis.

DPP3, a dipeptidyl peptidase, participates in a variety of pathophysiological processes. DPP3 is upregulated in cancer and might serve as a key factor in the tumorigenesis and progression of various malignancies. However, its specific role and molecular mechanism are still unknown. In this study, the expression of DPP3 in breast cancer tissues is analyzed using TCGA database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis is performed to estimate the effect of DPP3 on the survival outcomes. To explore the biological function and mechanisms of DPP3 in breast cancer, biochemical and cell biology assays are conducted in vitro. DPP3 expresses at a higher level in breast cancer tissues than that in adjacent tissues in both TCGA database and clinical samples. Patients with high expression of DPP3 have poor survival outcomes. The proliferation and migration abilities of tumor cells with stable DPP3 knockout in breast cancer cell lines are significantly inhibited, and apoptosis is increased in vitro. GSEA analysis shows that DPP3 can affect lipid metabolism and fatty acid synthesis in tumors. Subsequent experiments show that DPP3 could stabilize FASN expression and thus promote fatty acid synthesis in tumor cells. The results of the metabolomic analysis also confirm that DPP3 can affect the content of free fatty acids. This study demonstrates that DPP3 plays a role in the reprogramming of fatty acid metabolism in tumors and is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. These findings will provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.

Dissociation of prepotent response inhibition and interference control in problematic internet use: evidence from the Go/No-Go and Flanker tasks.

BACKGROUND: Problematic Internet Use (PIU), characterized by failures to control the overuse of internet, is associated with a range of functional impairments. However, there is limited research on the specific impact of PIU on inhibitory control functions, particularly in terms of differentiating between prepotent response inhibition and interference control. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to investigate these two components of inhibitory control in individuals with PIU. METHODS: Thirty participants who met the PIU criteria and 30 control participants were included in the present study. All participants completed the Go/No-Go and Flanker tasks, in which internet-related images and words were used as task stimuli. RESULTS: In the Go/No-Go task, all participants exhibited poorer performance in inhibiting internet-related stimuli compared to internet-unrelated stimuli, during the No-Go trials. In the Flanker task, results revealed a three-way interaction of Group, Stimulus type and Congruency. Specifically, in the incongruent condition, participants with PIU exhibited slower responses for internet-unrelated targets compared to internet-related targets, whereas no similar effect was observed among individuals with low internet use. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that difficulties in controlling the interference effect of internet-related information represent a key dysfunction in inhibitory control of PIU.

Chitosan/starch based unoxidized tannic acid modified microparticles for rapid hemostasis with broad spectrum antibacterial activity.

The development of a rapid hemostat through a facile method with co-existing antibacterial activity and minimum erythrocyte lysis property stands as a major requirement in the field of hemostasis. Herein, a series of novel microparticle hemostats were synthesized using chitosan, different hydrothermally-treated starches, and cross-linked with tannic acid (TA) simultaneously in an unoxidized environment via ionotropic gelation method. Hemostats' comparative functional properties, such as adjustable antibacterial and erythrocyte compatibility upon various starch additions were evaluated. The in vivo hemostatic study revealed that the developed hemostats for mouse liver laceration and rat tail amputation had clotting times (13 s and 38 s, respectively) and blood loss (51 mg and 62 mg, respectively) similar to those of Celox™. The erythrocyte adhesion test suggested that erythrocyte distortion can be lowered by modifying the antibacterial hemostats with different starches. The broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of the hemostats remained intact against S. aureus (>90 %), E. coli (>80 %), and P. mirabilis bacteria upon starch modification. They also demonstrated high hemocompatibility (<3 % hemolysis ratio), moderate cell viability (>81 %), in vivo biodegradation, and angiogenesis indicating adequate biocompatibility and wound healing. The developed hemostats hold significant promise to be employed as rapid hemostatic agents for preventing major bleeding and bacterial infection in emergencies.

Lactylation Modification in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Function and Mechanism.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is recognized as the primary cause of mortality and morbidity on a global scale, and developing a clear treatment is an important tool for improving it. Cardiometabolic disorder (CMD) is a syndrome resulting from the combination of cardiovascular, endocrine, pro-thrombotic, and inflammatory health hazards. Due to their complex pathological mechanisms, there is a lack of effective diagnostic and treatment methods for cardiac metabolic disorders. Lactylation is a type of post-translational modification (PTM) that plays a regulatory role in various cellular physiological processes by inducing changes in the spatial conformation of proteins. Numerous studies have reported that lactylation modification plays a crucial role in post-translational modifications and is closely related to cardiac metabolic diseases. This article discusses the molecular biology of lactylation modifications and outlines the roles and mechanisms of lactylation modifications in cardiometabolic disorders, offering valuable insights for the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.