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1.
Chin J Integr Med ; 25(3): 210-215, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30159645

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on mitigating retinoic acid (RA)-induced osteoporosis in rats. METHODS: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (n=10) and the osteoporosis group (n=40). The 40 osteoporosis rats were induced by 75 mg/(kg•d) RA once daily for 2 weeks, and then were randomly assigned to vehicle control (model), low-, middle-, and high-dose UA [(UA-L, UA-M, UA-H; 30, 60, 120 mg/(kg•d), respectively] groups (10 rats each). UA were administered once daily to the rats from the 3rd weeks for up to 4 weeks by gavage. Bone turnover markers [serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD)] and other parameters, including serum calcium (S-Ca), serum phosphorus (S-P), urine calcium (U-Ca), urine phosphorus (U-P), and bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur, 4th lumbar vertebra and tibia, bone biomechanical properties and trabecular microarchitecture, were measured. RESULTS: The osteoporosis in rats was successfully induced by RA. Compared with the model group, UA-M and UA-H significantly reversed the RA-induced changes in S-P, U-Ca, U-P, ALP, OCN and urine DPD ratio and markedly enhanced the BMD of right femur, 4th lumbar vertebra and tibia (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). Further, biomechanical test and microcomputed tomography evaluation also showed that UA-H drastically improved biomechanical properties and trabecular microarchitecture (Plt;0.05 or Plt;0.01). CONCLUSION: UA could promote bone formation, increase osteoblastic activity and reduce osteoclastic activity in rats, indicating that UA might be a potential therapeutic of RA-induced acute osteoporosis.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoporose/tratamento farmacológico , Tretinoína/toxicidade , Triterpenos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Osteoporose/diagnóstico por imagem , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Microtomografia por Raio-X , Ácido Ursólico
2.
Bioorg Chem ; 80: 253-260, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29966871

RESUMO

Series of 1,2,4-triazole Schiff bases (2a-2d, 2f-2h and 3a-3h) have been designed and synthesized. The structure of title compounds was confirmed on the basis of their spectral data and elemental analysis. All the target compounds were screened for their in vitro antifungal activity and antibacterial activity. Two of the tested compounds (2a and 2b) exhibited significant antifungal activity against most fungi, especially compound 2a showed better antifungal activity than triadimefon. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activity assay also indicated compound 2a exhibited excellent antibacterial activities comparable to chloramphenicol. The SAR manifested no substitution at position 5 of the triazole ring caused an increase in activity, and 3-phenoxy phenyl group introduced in 1,2,4-triazole scaffold can enhance the antibacterial activity. The DFT calculation indicated triazole ring, S atom and benzene ring in both of the 2a and 3a make a major contribution to the activity.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antifúngicos/síntese química , Desenho de Fármacos , Bases de Schiff/química , Triazóis/química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Teoria da Densidade Funcional , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Conformação Molecular , Pythium/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Triazóis/síntese química , Triazóis/farmacologia
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