Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and its association with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general adults: A prospective cohort study.

To investigate the association between Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a representative cohort of US adults, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (NHANES III; 1988‒1994) were analyzed, including 13,993 participants aged 18‒90 years who underwent KSHV serology evaluations. Mortality outcomes were ascertained through December 2019 using the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the association between KSHV seropositivity and mortality, adjusting for potential confounders such as age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and serum TG. Over a median follow-up period of 26.5 years, 5503 deaths were recorded. KSHV seropositivity was associated with an increased hazard of all-cause mortality (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 1.32, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03‒1.69) and cardiovascular mortality (HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.00‒2.50) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index. Notably, the association between KSHV infection and all-cause mortality persisted among women (HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02‒1.72) after adjusting for all confounders, whereas the association with cardiovascular mortality was only statistically significant for men (HR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.02, 3.53).KSHV infection may represent an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among US adults. These findings highlight the need for further research to validate these associations in independent populations and to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying the observed increased mortality associated with KSHV infection.

Sex-specific non-linear associations between body mass index and impaired pulmonary ventilation function in a community-based population: Longgang COPD study.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of pulmonary airflow limitation and its association with body mass index (BMI) in a community-based population in Shenzhen, China. Methods: Study participants were recruited from Nanlian Community in Shenzhen, China, and spirometry was performed to assess lung function including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and FEV1 divided by predicted value. Pulmonary airflow limitation was determined by the Chinese Guideline of Pulmonary Function Examination. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between BMI and pulmonary airflow limitation. Age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, and current cigarette smoking were used as potential confounders. Results: Of the 1206 participants, 612 (50.7%) were men and 594 (49.3%) were women with the average age being 53.7 years old. After adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, and current cigarette smoking, higher BMI was associated with lower odds (odds ratio: 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.97, 0.99) of pulmonary airflow limitation by assuming a linear relationship. Further investigation of the interaction terms, we found that the magnitudes of the associations differed in men and women. A U-shaped relationship was observed in women, while the association was almost linear in men. Conclusion: The relationship between BMI and pulmonary airflow limitation was U-shaped in women and linear in men.