Surgical treatment of an old avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity is a relatively clinically rare type of trauma that is mainly incurred by adolescents during competitive sports activities. According to previous literature, the most commonly involved sports are soccer, sprinting, and gymnastics, in descending order. Dance-induced avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus is extremely clinically rare. CASE SUMMARY: A case of a neglected avulsion fracture of the ischial tuberosity and ischial ramus was diagnosed in a young female dancer who complained of pain and restricted movement of her right hip. She stated that she had suffered the injury while performing a split leap during a dance performance 9 mo prior. Eventually, she underwent surgery and obtained satisfactory treatment results. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis of these fractures is important to ensuring early proper treatment towards a quicker recovery. For old fractures with nonunion and chronic buttock pain, surgery is a preferred therapeutic choice with good treatment outcomes.

Vaccarin prevents titanium particle-induced osteolysis and inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by blocking NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Wearing titanium particle-induced osteoclastogenesis, accompanied by peri-implant osteolysis, is the main cause of long-term failure of hip prosthesis. Currently, medications used for the prevention and treatment of peri-implant osteolysis show serious side effects. Therefore, development for more effective new drugs with less side effects is extremely urgent. Vaccarin is a natural flavonoid extracted from Vaccaria segetalis, with various biological functions, including antioxidantory, anti-inflammatory, and promotion of angiogenesis. However, the putative role of vaccarin in the inhibition of titanium particle-induced osteolysis has not been reported. In this study, it was indicated that vaccarin could effectively inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, fusion of F-actin rings, bone resorption, and expression of osteoclast marker genes in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Moreover, vaccarin could also inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK (p38, ERK, and JNK) signaling pathways, and inhibit the transcription of downstream transcription factors, such as c-Fos and NFATc1. Consistent with in vitro results, this in vivo study showed that vaccarin exhibited an inhibitory effect on titanium particle-induced osteolysis by antiosteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, vaccarin could be a promising agent for preventing and treating peri-implant osteolysis.

Nickel induced in situ growth of nickel hydroxide nanoflakes on reduced graphite oxide with high energy and power density.

Layered hexagonal Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes have been successfully fabricated on the surface of reduce graphite oxide (rGO) via nickel induced in situ growth in this study. The layers number and size of Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes could be controlled by adjusting the concentration of Ni2+ precursors with nickel as active site on rGO surface. In the three electrode systems, the composite showed a relatively high specific capacitance achieved 1012.2 F∙g-1 at current density of 1 A∙g-1 with coulombic efficiency of 98.3%. As assembled in asymmetric devices (Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes loaded on rGO as positive electrode and active carbon as negative electrode), the maximum specific capacitance reaches to 260.9 F∙g-1 at current density of 0.5 A∙g-1 and the energy density can be maintained at 71.1 Wh∙kg-1 at power density of 26.95 kW∙kg-1 with good rate capability and acceptable cycling stability.