RESUMO
Background: Career motivation toward gerontological nursing (CMGN) has been studied by various authors. It is essential to identify the influencing factors and guarantee that undergraduate nursing degrees provide adequate social and healthcare responses to the current demand for gerontological care. Objective: In the absence of a validated instrument to measure students' career motivation in geriatric nursing in our sociocultural context, this study aimed to adapt and validate the original questionnaire Chinese CMGN. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 316 nursing students were collected in May 2021. The cultural and linguistic adaptation process was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of Ramada-Rodilla and Beaton. A committee of experts was established to assess content validity. The CMGN questionnaire consists of 20 items divided into 2 subscales: "Expectancy" (6 items) and "Values" (14 items). To determine the psychometric properties, the following analyses were carried out: content validity (Aiken's V coefficient and Pearson's coefficient of variation), internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis and convergent and divergent validity). To verify the model once the parameters were estimated, we calculated the goodness-of-fit between the model and the data. Data analyses were performed using SPSS for Windows (IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS 27.0). Results: A total of 316 nursing students were surveyed, of which 91.1% were women and the mean age was 21.61 ± 5.45 years (range: 18-56). The results indicate that the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were adequate in terms of content and construct validity. The internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha for both subscales was greater than 0.8. The AMOS results revealed that the final model fit statistics of CMIN/df (2.204), GFI (0.922), CFI (0.948) and RMSEA (0.062) indicated a satisfactory model fit. Finally, an original second-order model was obtained, resulting in the Spanish version of the CMGN (SV-CMGN) instrument. Conclusions: We developed a valid SV-CMGN questionnaire that is socially and culturally adapted to the Spanish context and is capable of measuring the motivation of nursing students toward a career in gerontological nursing, from the newest to the most experienced. This new version opens up the possibility of studying the phenomenon of motivation in other Spanish-speaking countries. Keywords: Gerontological nursing; Motivation; Students, nursing; Validation study; Surveys and questionnaires.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To understand which needs are considered priorities in the hospital birth experience from the perspectives of postpartum women. DESIGN: This qualitative prospective study used a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through participant observations and semi-structured interviews recorded at eight weeks and eight months after childbirth. The data were analysed using a thematic approach. PARTICIPANTS: The study cohort consisted of 43 participants at eight weeks after childbirth and 33 participants eight months after childbirth. SETTING: Donostia University Hospital, San Sebastián, Spain, in 2016-2017. FINDINGS: Through the analysis, the following four main themes emerged, each in different categories: (a) Professional care: symbiosis between the woman and the professional: (a.1) professional treatment and its characteristics, (a.2) professional competence, and (a.3) professional information and listening: pillars in the support relationship. (b) Control and hospital safety: (b.1) hospital environment: external control. (c) Presence of the partner: (c.1) support, guidance, and participation. (d) Perception of observed feelings: (d.1) fear of complications or separation from the child, (d.2) fear of internal lack of control, and (d.3) fear of an instrumental delivery and/or caesarean section. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTISE: The core of the hospital birth experience is constituted by the need to establish a supportive relationship based on mutual trust, exchange information that offers internal and external control and the security necessary to overcome feelings of fear, and obtain support and guidance from an involved partner.
