The perfect storm: A case of COVID-19 infection in an adolescent patient with EVALI.

COVID-19 and EVALI share imaging findings and clinical features, including fever, respiratory, and gastrointestinal symptoms. To our knowledge, the clinical picture in patients presenting with both conditions simultaneously has not been reported. We present the case of a 17-year-old male with COVID-19 and EVALI, his hospital course, and clinical outcome.

Clinical Features of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury in Teenagers.

BACKGROUND: In the United States in 2019, there was an outbreak of electronic cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). The manifestations of EVALI in adolescents are not well characterized. We describe the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of EVALI in adolescents hospitalized at a tertiary care, university-affiliated children's hospital. METHODS: A multidisciplinary committee developed an EVALI algorithm on the basis of guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients diagnosed with EVALI. Descriptive analyses included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging results, pulmonary function testing, oxygen requirements, and clinic follow-up. RESULTS: Thirteen hospitalized adolescents were diagnosed with confirmed or probable EVALI. The majority were female (54%) with a mean age of 15.9 years. Sixty-nine percent of patients presented with respiratory symptoms, whereas gastrointestinal symptoms were prominent in 85% of patients. Vaping Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol was reported in 92% of patients, and vaping nicotine was reported in 62% of patients. All had bilateral ground-glass opacities on the chest computed tomography (CT) scan. Treatment with glucocorticoids led to clinical improvement in 11 of 12 patients. Treatment with glucocorticoids led to improvement in both forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity (P < .05). Four patients required home oxygen on the basis of 6-minute walk test results. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of EVALI should be suspected on the basis of vaping history and clinical presentation. Glucocorticoid treatment led to an improvement in symptoms and lung function. The 6-minute walk test may help determine oxygen needs at discharge.

Melasma quality of life measures.

The Melasma Quality of Life scale (MELASQOL) is a useful tool in assessing quality of life in patients with melasma. Initially developed in English, it has recently been translated into Spanish, Brazilian Portuguese, French, and Turkish. Development of a validated, translated, disease-specific quality of life questionnaire is a complex process which is further discussed in this article. When developing the MELASQOL in other languages, careful attention must be paid to cross-cultural adaptation and proper methods of translation and validation to have an accurate instrument. This article addresses these methods, which could be useful to those desiring to develop the MELASQOL in other languages.