Vulnerabilidades associadas à transmissão de doenças por culicídeos (Diptera, Culicidae) em Alagoas / Vulnerabilities associated with disease transmission by culicidae (Diptera, Culicidae) in Alagoas

Introdução - O uso do conceito de vulnerabilidade em vigilância epidemiológica e entomológica visa aumentar a acurácia do conhecimento de mudança nos fatores determinantes e condicionantes de saúde e suas respectivas intervenções na realidade sanitária de uma determinada localidade, ou território, de modo mais eficiente, suplementando as limitações do uso da ideia de risco como modelo matemático de apreensão da realidade versus a práxis nos programas de controle de vetores. Objetivo - Investigar vulnerabilidades associadas a doenças transmitidas por mosquitos em Alagoas. Métodos - Foram relacionados dados sobre malária, dengue, zika e chikungunya, nos anos de 2001 a 2021, com dados e informações sobre IDHM (índice de desenvolvimento humano dos municípios), saneamento adequado e migração. Também se realizou o levantamento da fauna de culicídeos do estado, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa documental. Resultados - Os dados apontam para suscetibilidades associadas a baixa porcentagem de saneamento adequado e, principalmente, as migrações por meio de rodovias federais e estaduais como fatores relevantes na transmissão de doenças por mosquitos em Alagoas, Brasil. Conclusão - As suscetibilidades encontradas no estudo precisam ser consideradas no planejamento e ações de vigilância e controle de doenças transmitidas por vetores com vistas ao manejo integrado.

Introduction - The use of the concept of vulnerability in epidemiological and entomological surveillances aims to increase the accuracy of knowledge of changes in the determining and conditioning factors of health and their respective interventions in the health reality of a given location, or territory, in a more efficient way, supplementing the limitations of using the idea of risk as a mathematical model for understanding reality versus praxis in vector control programs. Objective - Investigate vulnerabilities associated with mosquito-borne diseases in Alagoas linked data on malaria, dengue, zika and chikungunya, from 2001 to 2021, with IDHM (municipal human development index), adequate sanitation and migration data and information. A survey of the state's culicidae fauna was also carried out, based on a bibliographical review and documentary research. Results - The data point to susceptibilities associated with a low percentage of adequate sanitation and, mainly, migration through federal and state highways as relevant factors in the transmission of diseases by mosquitoes in Alagoas, Brazil. Conclusions - the vulnerabilites identified in the study need to be considered in planning and surveillance actions and control of vector-borne diseases with a view to integrated management.

Report of East-Central South African Chikungunya virus genotype during the 2016 outbreak in the Alagoas State, Brazil.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes a self-limiting disease characterized by the onset of fever, skin rash and persistent arthralgia. In the last decade, it has emerged as a serious public health problem causing several outbreaks around the world. Here, we report the CHIKV genotype characterization during the 2016 CHIKV outbreak in Alagoas State, Brazil. Partial E1 sequence from CHIKV-positive samples coming from different cities of Alagoas were submitted to DNA sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis thus characterizing the virus genotype. The circulating CHIKV virus in Alagoas during 2016 outbreak belongs to the East-Central South African genotype. In this way, virus genotyping to monitoring the spread of CHIKV is needed to continued surveillance supporting the development of prevention strategies, mainly in endemic areas of mosquitoes and arboviruses co-circulation.

First serologic evidence of human hantavirus infection in Alagoas State in Northeastern Brazil

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is rare in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Prospective surveillance was conducted over a two-year period in Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil. The prevalence of anti-hantavirus N-antigen IgM and IgG in human serum samples was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing. RESULTS: High avidity IgG was found in nine of 476 serum samples tested (from 102 patients with clinical manifestations compatible with HCPS, 124 patients with leptospirosis, and 250 healthy rural workers). CONCLUSIONS: Serologic evidence of past hantavirus infection in residents of Alagoas State indicates that hantaviruses are present in northeastern Brazil, even in areas silent for HCPS.

First serologic evidence of human hantavirus infection in Alagoas State in Northeastern Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) is rare in Northeastern Brazil. METHODS: Prospective surveillance was conducted over a two-year period in Alagoas State, Northeastern Brazil. The prevalence of anti-hantavirus N-antigen IgM and IgG in human serum samples was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing. RESULTS: High avidity IgG was found in nine of 476 serum samples tested (from 102 patients with clinical manifestations compatible with HCPS, 124 patients with leptospirosis, and 250 healthy rural workers). CONCLUSIONS: Serologic evidence of past hantavirus infection in residents of Alagoas State indicates that hantaviruses are present in northeastern Brazil, even in areas silent for HCPS.