Enhanced Charge Separation in Nanoporous BiVO4 by External Electron Transport Layer Boosts Solar Water Splitting.

The optimization of charge transport with electron-hole separation directed toward specific redox reactions is a crucial mission for artificial photosynthesis. Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4 , BVO) is a popular photoanode material for solar water splitting, but it faces tricky challenges in poor charge separation due to its modest charge transport properties. Here, a concept of the external electron transport layer (ETL) is first proposed and demonstrated its effectiveness in suppressing the charge recombination both in bulk and at surface. Specifically, a conformal carbon capsulation applied on BVO enables a remarkable increase in the charge separation efficiency, thanks to its critical roles in passivating surface charge-trapping sites and building external conductance channels. Through decorated with an oxygen evolution catalyst to accelerate surface charge transfer, the carbon-encased BVO (BVO@C) photoanode manifests durable water splitting over 120 h with a high current density of 5.9 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) under 1 sun irradiation (100 mW cm-2 , AM 1.5 G), which is an activity-stability trade-off record for single BVO light absorber. This work opens up a new avenue to steer charge separation via external ETL for solar fuel conversion.

Acupuncture for chronic tinnitus: A CARE-compliant case report.

INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus is a sound hallucination characterised by buzzing and hissing in the ear or brain of a patient in the absence of an externally available sound source. It could be perceived as one or more sounds and can last for a certain period of time. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to report the successful treatment of tinnitus using acupuncture. METHOD: A patient diagnosed with chronic tinnitus had buzzing sounds in both ears for over 4 years. Acupuncture treatment was administered a total of five times. GV20 (Baihui), EX-HN1 (Sishencong), GV24 (Shenting), CV12 (Zhongwan), CV10 (Xiawan), CV6 (Qihai), CV4 (Guanyuan), and other bilateral acupuncture points, including GB13 (Benshen), SI19 (Tinggong), GB2 (Tinghui), SJ17 (Yifeng), KI19 (Yindu), and KI17 (Shangqu), were selected as acupuncture points. RESULTS: Tinnitus was successfully resolved, and THI scores decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture is a potential alternative treatment for chronic tinnitus.

[GAO Hong's clinical experience in treatment of tic disorder with acupuncture technique of cultivating the primary and regulating the mind].

The paper introduces the clinical experience of GAO Hong in treatment of tic disorder. GAO Hong believes that tic disorder results from the primary qi deficiency and mind disturbance. Acupuncture for cultivating the primary and regulating the mind is proposed specially for tic disorder. This acupuncture technique focuses on harmonizing and regulating governor vessel and conception vessel. In clinical practice, the conception vessel acupoints on the abdomen and the governor vessel acupoints on the head are selected particularly, e.g. Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10), Qihai (CV 6) and Guanyuan (CV 4) on the abdomen; Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13) and Yintang (GV 24+) on the head. The needling sequence and the insertion depth are emphasized, which affect the curative effect and GV 20 is generally punctured first. Besides, considering to the type of disorder and the affected site, tic disorder is treated in view of both syndrome/pattern differentiation and symptom differentiation.