Impaired brain ability of older adults to transit and persist to latent states with well-organized structures at wakeful rest.

The intrinsic brain functional network organization continuously changes with aging. By integrating spatial and temporal information, the process of how brain networks temporally reconfigure and remain well-organized spatial structure largely reflects the brain function, thereby holds the potential to capture its age-related declines. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal brain dynamics from resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of healthy young and older adults using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM). Six brain states were generated by HMM, with the young group showing higher fractional occupancy and mean dwell time in states 1, 3, and 4 (SY1, SY2 and SY3), and the older group in states 2, 5, and 6 (SO1, SO2 and SO3). Importantly, comparisons of transition probabilities revealed that the older group showed a reduced brain ability to transition into states dominated by the younger group, as well as a diminished capacity to persist in them. Moreover, graph analysis revealed that these young-specific states exhibited higher modularity and k-coreness. Collectively, these findings suggested that the older group showed impaired brain ability of both transition into and sustain well spatially organized states. This emphasized that the temporal changes in brain state organization, rather than its static mode, could be a key biomarker for detecting age-related functional decline. These insights may pave the way for targeted interventions aimed at mitigating cognitive decline in the aging population.

Achieving Ultra-Long Cycle Life of Zn Anode Using ZnSn(OH)6 Coating Layer via Desolvation Effect and Uniform Zn2+ Flux.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered as a promising energy storage system because of good safety, low cost, abundant resources, and environmental friendliness. However, the bottlenecks including dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion seriously limit their practical application. Herein, a novel ZnSn(OH)6 coating layer with rich hydroxyl groups is employed to achieve highly stable Zn anode. The hydroxyl groups can feasibly interact with H2O molecules, contributing to the desolvation of hydrated Zn2+ and the inhibition of side reactions on Zn anode surface. Furthermore, according to the DFT calculation, the adsorption energy of Zn2+ among various sites on the surface of ZnSn(OH)6 coating layer is relatively large, which helps the uniform distribution of Zn2+ flux and the prevention of dendrite growth. Consequently, the ZnSn(OH)6@Zn anode delivers ultra-long cycle life (6770 h), low polarization voltage (27 mV), and high Coulombic efficiency (99.2% over 800 cycles) at 1 mA cm-2, 1 mAh cm-2. Besides, the assembled NaV3O8·xH2O//ZnSn(OH)6@Zn full cell can operate stably for 1500 cycles at 2 A g-1 with a high specific capacity of 144.9 mAh g-1, demonstrating an excellent application potential. This simple and effective coating layer with high electrochemical performance provides an appealing strategy for the development of rechargeable AZIBs.

Parkinson's disease and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains unknown. This study aims to assess the causal effect of PD on colon cancer (CC), gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer (EC), and rectal cancer (RC) using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods: Five pairs of summary datasets of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from publicly available studies [Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) OpenGWAS project, FinnGen, and GWAS Catalog database] were enrolled. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary outcome for MR analysis. Cochran Q-derived, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-Pleiotropy Residual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods, and leave-one-out analysis were used to test heterogeneity and directional pleiotropy. Results: For the European population, no significant causal effect of PD on the risk of CC was found [odds ratio (OR) =0.9; 95%, confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.11; P=0.42]. The same applied to the East Asian population (OR =1.05; 95% CI: 0.66-1.66; P=0.63). As for GC, no causal effect was found (OR =0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.99; P=0.22). Moreover, the genetic liability for PD was not associated with EC (OR =1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00; P=0.32). Finally, no evidence was found for any causal effect of genetic liability for PD on an increased risk of RC (OR =1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00; P=0.71). Conclusions: There is no causal effect of genetic liability for PD on an increased risk of GI cancer.

A Nile red dye cathode with an asymmetric redox unit for lithium organic batteries.

A Nile red (NR) dye cathode with an asymmetric redox structure of para CN and CO bonds was developed for use in an efficient lithium organic battery with a good capacity of 125 mA h g-1 and two visible discharge/charge voltage plateaus (≈2.0 V and ≈1.7 V). The NR cathode demonstrated the advantages of employing cost-effective dyes to achieve multigradient voltage platform regulation.

Solution mediated halide exchange engineering for the fabrication of a thick CsPbCl3 film and its application in photovoltaics with outstanding performance.

It is a big challenge to prepare thick CsPbCl3 films using traditional solution processed approaches owing to the low solubility of precursors of PbCl2 and CsCl in common solvents. Here, we propose an indirect solution process to prepare thick CsPbCl3 films. In this new approach, a mother film of CsPbBr3 is first prepared through a solution process, and then it is dipped into a diluted HCl/methanol solution. During the dipping process, it triggers a halide exchange reaction between Br- and Cl-, and it eventually produces a thick CsPbCl3 film (∼400 nm) with high quality and purity. Afterwards, a carbon based hole transportation layer (HTL) free solar cell with a configuration of FTO/TiO2/CsPbCl3/carbon is constructed, and it delivers an average PCE of 1.23% and an outstanding PCE of 1.39% in a batch of PSCs. Meanwhile, the solar cell maintains its 82% initial PCE after storage in open air for 31 days. This work overcomes the obstacle of the traditional solution approach for the preparation of CsPbCl3 films, which makes it promising for preparing various CsPbCl3 film-based devices via a solution process.

Functional characterisation of BnaA02.TOP1α and BnaC02.TOP1α involved in true leaf biomass accumulation in Brassica napus L.

Leaves, as primary photosynthetic organs essential for high crop yield and quality, have attracted significant attention. The functions of DNA topoisomerase 1α (TOP1α) in various biological processes, including leaf development, in Brassica napus remain unknown. Here, four paralogs of BnaTOP1α, namely BnaA01.TOP1α, BnaA02.TOP1α, BnaC01.TOP1α and BnaC02.TOP1α, were identified and cloned in the B. napus inbred line 'K407'. Expression pattern analysis revealed that BnaA02.TOP1α and BnaC02.TOP1α, but not BnaA01.TOP1α and BnaC01.TOP1α, were persistently and highly expressed in B. napus true leaves. Preliminary analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that BnaA02.TOP1α and BnaC02.TOP1α paralogs, but not BnaA01.TOP1α and BnaC01.TOP1α, performed biological functions. Targeted mutations of four BnaTOP1α paralogs in B. napus using the CRISPR-Cas9 system revealed that BnaA02.TOP1α and BnaC02.TOP1α served as functional paralogs and redundantly promoted true leaf number and size, thereby promoting true leaf biomass accumulation. Moreover, BnaA02.TOP1α modulated the levels of endogenous gibberellins, cytokinins and auxins by indirectly regulating several genes related to their metabolism processes. BnaA02.TOP1α directly activated BnaA03.CCS52A2 and BnaC09.AN3 by facilitating the recruitment of RNA polymerase II and modulating H3K27me3, H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 levels at these loci and indirectly activated the BnaA08.PARL1 expression, thereby positively controlling the true leaf size in B. napus. Additionally, BnaA02.TOP1α indirectly activated the BnaA07.PIN1 expression to positively regulate the true leaf number. These results reveal the important functions of BnaTOP1α and provide insights into the regulatory network controlling true leaf biomass accumulation in B. napus.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Aquaporins Gene Family in Populus euphratica and Its Expression Patterns in Response to Drought, Salt Stress, and Phytohormones.

Aquaporins (AQPs) play an essential role in membrane water transport during plant responses to water stresses centered on conventional upstream signals. Phytohormones (PHs) regulate plant growth and yield, working with transcription factors to help plants withstand environmental challenges and regulate physiological and chemical processes. The AQP gene family is important, so researchers have studied its function and regulatory system in numerous species. Yet, there is a critical gap the understanding of many of their molecular features, thus our full knowledge of AQPs is far-off. In this study, we undertook a broad examination of the AQP family gene in Populus euphratica via bioinformatics tools and analyzed the expression patterns of certain members in response to drought, salt, and hormone stress. A total of 22 AQP genes were examined in P. euphratica, and were categorized into four main groups, including TIPs, PIPs, SIPs, and NIPs based on phylogenetic analysis. Comparable exon-intron gene structures were found by gene structure examination, and similarities in motif number and pattern within the same subgroup was determined by motif analysis. The PeuAQP gene family has numerous duplications, and there is a distinct disparity in how the members of the PeuAQP family react to post-translational modifications. Abiotic stress and hormone responses may be mediated by AQPs, as indicated by the abundance of stress response elements found in 22 AQP genes, as revealed by the promoter's cis-elements prediction. Expression pattern analysis reveals that selected six AQP genes from the PIP subgroup were all expressed in the leaves, stem, and roots with varying expression levels. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis discovered that the majority of the selected AQP members were up- or down-regulated in response to hormone treatment and abiotic stress. Remarkably, PeuAQP14 and PeuAQP15 appeared to be highly responsive to drought stress and PeuAQP15 exhibited a high response to salt stress. The foliar application of the phytohormones (SA, IAA, GA3, MeJA, and ABA) were found to either activate or inhibit PeuAQP, suggesting that they may mitigate the effects of water shortage of poplar water stress. The present work enhances our knowledge of the practical roles of AQPs in stress reactions and offers fundamental information for the AQP genes in poplar species. It also highlights a direction for producing new varieties of poplar species with drought, salt, and hormone tolerance and holds substantial scientific and ecological importance, offering a potential contribution to the conservation of poplar species in arid regions.

A comprehensive study of psychological well-being and traditional Chinese medicine constitutions among model workers in Beijing.

Background: Body constitution is the foundation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and model workers consist of a special group of workers within China. This study aims to research the relationship between the physical body constitutions based on TCM and the mental health of model workers. Methods: We recruited 314 model workers from Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital to conduct the questionnaires such as SCL-90 and CCMQ to investigate if there is an association between mental health status and TCM body constitutions. We performed a Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS path modeling). Results: Our path model results revealed associations between different TCM constitution types and SCL scores, which serve as indicators of psychological well-being. Our research findings demonstrate a strong correlation between the Balanced constitution and elevated levels of psychological well-being, with a path coefficient of -0.503. In contrast, the other eight constitutional types exhibit path coefficients exceeding 0.3, indicating a tendency toward lower levels of psychological well-being. We also investigated the intricate connections between various TCM constitutional types and both mild and severe psychological well-being. Conclusion: In conclusion, the Balanced constitution continues to be closely associated with higher levels of psychological well-being, while the remaining eight body constitution types are consistently linked to lower levels of psychological well-being.

Multifunctional 3D matrixes based on flexible bioglass nanofibers for potential application in postoperative therapy of osteosarcoma.

Postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma is one of the major challenging clinical issues since both elimination of residual tumors and acceleration of bone regeneration should be considered. Photothermal therapy has been widely studied due to its advantages of small side-effect, low-toxicity, high local selectivity and noninversion, and bone tissue engineering is an inevitable trend in postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma. In this study, we combined the tissue engineering and photothermal therapy together, and developed a kind of multifunctional nanofibrous 3D matrixes for postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma. The flexible bioactive glass nanofibers (BGNFs) prepared by sol-gel electrospinning and calcination acted as the basic blocks, and the genipin-crosslinked gelatin (GNP-Gel) acted as the cement to bond the BGNFs forming a stable 3D structure. The stable porous 3D scaffolds were obtained through ice crystal templating method and freeze-drying technology. The obtained GNP-Gel/BGNF 3D matrixes showed a nanofibrous structure that highly biomimetics the extracellular matrix. The excellent compression recovery performance in water of these matrixes made them suitable for minimally invasive surgery. In addition, these 3D matrixes were not only biocompatible in vitro, but also benefit for the formation of mineralized bone in vivo. Furthermore, the dark blue GNP-Gel also acted as the photothermal agent, which endowed the GNP-Gel/BGNF 3D matrixes with efficient photothermal antitumor and photothermal antibacterial performance without addition of other toxic photothermal agents. Therefore, this study provides an ingenious avenue to prepare multifunctional nanofibrous 3D matrixes with photothermal therapy for postoperative treatment of osteosarcoma.

The dominant influencing factors of desertification and ecological risk changes in Qinghai Area of Qilian Mountains National Park: Climate change or human activity?

Transitional features of desert environments partially determine the risks associated with ecosystems. Influenced by climate change and human activities, the variability and uncertainty of desertification levels and ecological risks in the Qinghai Area of Qilian Mountain National Park (QMNPQA) has become increasingly prominent. As a critical ecological barrier in northwest China, monitoring desertification dynamics and ecological risks is crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability. This study identifies the optimal monitoring model from four constructed desertification monitoring models and analyzes spatiotemporal changes in desertification. The spatial and temporal changes in ecological risks and their primary driving factors were analyzed using methods such as raster overlay calculation, geographic detector, cloud model, and trend analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: The desertification feature spatial model based on GNDVI-Albedo demonstrates better applicability in the study area, with an inversion accuracy of 81.24%. The levels of desertification and ecological risks in QMNPQA exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity, with a gradual decrease observed from northwest to southeast. From 2000 to 2020, there is an overall decreasing trend in desertification levels and ecological risks, with the decreasing trend area accounting for 89.82% and 85.71% respectively, mainly concentrated in the southeastern and northwestern parts of the study area. The proportion of areas with increasing trends is 4.49% and 7.05% respectively, scattered in patches in the central and southern edge areas. Surface temperature (ST), Digital Elevation Map (DEM), and Green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI) are the most influential factors determining the spatial distribution of ecological risks in QMNPQA. The effects of management and climatic factors on ecological risks demonstrate a significant antagonistic effect, highlighting the positive contributions of human activities in mitigating the driving effects of climate change on ecological risks. The research results can provide reference for desertification prevention and ecological quality improvement in QMNPQA.

Changes of soil carbon along precipitation gradients in three typical vegetation types in the Alxa desert region, China.

The changes and influencing factors of soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and organic carbon (SOC) on precipitation gradients are crucial for predicting and evaluating carbon storage changes at the regional scale. However, people's understanding of the distribution characteristics of SOC and SIC reserves on regional precipitation gradients is insufficient, and the main environmental variables that affect SOC and SIC changes are also not well understood. Therefore, this study focuses on the Alxa region and selects five regions covered by three typical desert vegetation types, Zygophyllum xanthoxylon (ZX), Nitraria tangutorum (NT), and Reaumuria songarica (RS), along the climate transect where precipitation gradually increases. The study analyzes and discusses the variation characteristics of SOC and SIC under different vegetation and precipitation conditions. The results indicate that both SOC and SIC increase with the increase of precipitation, and the increase in SOC is greater with the increase of precipitation. The average SOC content in the 0-300cm profile is NT (4.13 g kg-1) > RS (3.61 g kg-1) > ZX (3.57 g kg-1); The average value of SIC content is: RS (5.78 g kg-1) > NT (5.11 g kg-1) > ZX (5.02 g kg-1). Overall, the multi-annual average precipitation (MAP) in the Alxa region is the most important environmental factor affecting SIC and SOC.

Superhydrophobic, Highly Conductive, and Trilayered Fabric with Connected Carbon Nanotubes for Energy-Efficient Electrical Heating.

Current electrically heated fabrics provide heat in cold climates, suffer from abundant wasted radiant heat energy to the external environment, and are prone to damage by water. Thus, constructing energy-efficient and superhydrophobic conductive fabrics is in high demand. Therefore, we propose an effective and facile methodology to prepare a superhydrophobic, highly conductive, and trilayered fabric with a connected carbon nanotube (CNT) layer and a titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle heat-reflecting layer. We construct polyamide/fluorinated polyurethane (PA/FPU) nanofibrous membranes via first electrospinning, then performing blade-coating with the polyurethane (PU) solution with CNTs, and finally fabricating FPU/TiO2 nanoparticles via electrospraying. This strategy causes CNTs to be connected to form a conductive layer and enables TiO2 nanoparticles to be bound together to form a porous, heat-reflecting layer. As a consequence, the as-prepared membranes demonstrate high conductivity with an electrical conductivity of 63 S/m, exhibit rapid electric-heating capacity, and exhibit energy-efficient asymmetrical heating behavior, i.e., the heating temperature of the PA/FPU nanofibrous layer reaches more than 83 °C within 90 s at 24 V, while the heating temperature of the FPU/TiO2 layer only reaches 53 °C, as well as prominent superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 156°, indicating promising utility for the next generation of electrical heating textiles.

BnaC06.WIP2-BnaA09.STM transcriptional regulatory module promotes leaf lobe formation in Brassica napus.

The lobed leaves of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) offer significant advantages in dense planting, leading to increased yield. Although AtWIP2, a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, acts as a regulator of leaf development in Arabidopsis thaliana, the function and regulatory mechanisms of BnaWIP2 in B. napus remain unclear. Here, constitutive expression of the BnaC06.WIP2 paralog, predominantly expressed in leaf serrations, produced lobed leaves in both A. thaliana and B. napus. We demonstrated that BnaC06.WIP2 directly repressed the expression of BnaA01.TCP4, BnaA03.TCP4, and BnaC03.TCP4 and indirectly inhibited the expression of BnaA05.BOP1 and BnaC02.AS2 to promote leaf lobe formation. On the other hand, we discovered that BnaC06.WIP2 modulated the levels of endogenous gibberellin, cytokinin, and auxin, and controlled the auxin distribution in B. napus leaves, thus accelerating leaf lobe formation. Meanwhile, we revealed that BnaA09.STM physically interacted with BnaC06.WIP2, and ectopic expression of BnaA09.STM generated smaller and lobed leaves in B. napus. Furthermore, we found that BnaC06.WIP2 and BnaA09.STM synergistically promoted leaf lobe formation through forming transcriptional regulatory module. Collectively, our findings not only facilitate in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying lobed leaf formation, but also are helpful for guiding high-density breeding practices through improving leaf morphology in B. napus.

Transcription factor DIVARICATA1 positively modulates seed germination in response to salinity stress.

Seed germination is a critical checkpoint for plant growth under unfavorable environmental conditions. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathways play important roles in modulating seed germination. However, the molecular links between salinity stress and ABA/GA signaling are not well understood. Herein, we showed that the expression of DIVARICATA1 (DIV1), which encodes a MYB-like transcription factor, was induced by GA and repressed by ABA, salinity, and osmotic stress in germinating seeds. DIV1 positively regulated seed germination in response to salinity stress by directly regulating the expression of DELAY OF GERMINATION 1-LIKE 3 (DOGL3) and GA-STIMULATED ARABIDOPSIS 4 (GASA4) and indirectly regulating the expression of several germination-associated genes. Moreover, NUCLEAR FACTOR-YC9 (NF-YC9) directly repressed the expression of DIV1 in germinating seeds in response to salinity stress. These results help reveal the function of the NF-YC9-DIV1 module and provide insights into the regulation of ABA and GA signaling in response to salinity stress during seed germination in Arabidopsis.

Age-related decline in cognitive flexibility and inadequate preparation: evidence from task-state network analysis.

Behavioral evidence showed decreased cognitive flexibility in older adults. However, task-based network mechanisms of cognitive flexibility in aging (CFA) remain unclear. Here, we provided the first task-state network evidence that CFA was associated with inadequate preparation for switching trials by revealing age-related changes in functional integration. We examined functional integration in a letter-number switch task that distinguished between the cue and target stages. Both young and older adults showed decreased functional integration from the cue stage to the target stage, indicating that control-related processes were executed as the task progressed. However, compared to young adults, older adults showed less cue-to-target reduction in functional integration, which was primarily driven by higher network integration in the target stage. Moreover, less cue-to-target reductions were correlated with age-related decreases in task performance in the switch task. To sum up, compared to young adults, older adults pre-executed less control-related processes in the cue stage and more control-related processes in the target stage. Therefore, the decline in cognitive flexibility in older adults was associated with inadequate preparation for the impending demands of cognitive switching. This study offered novel insights into network mechanisms underlying CFA. Furthermore, we highlighted that training the function of brain networks, in conjunction with providing more preparation time for older adults, may be beneficial to their cognitive flexibility.

Large-Scale Wearable Textile-Based Sweat Sensor with High Sensitivity, Rapid Response, and Stable Electrochemical Performance.

Textile-based sweat sensors display great potential to enhance wearable comfort and health monitoring; however, their widespread application is severely hindered by the intricate manufacturing process and electrochemical characteristics. To address this challenge, we combined both impregnation coating technology and conjugated electrospinning technology to develop an electro-assisted impregnation core-spinning technology (EAICST), which enables us to simply construct a sheath-core electrochemical sensing yarn (TPFV/CPP yarn) via coating PEDOT:PSS-coated carbon fibers (CPP) with polyurethane (TPU)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/poloxamer (F127)/valinomycin as shell. The TPFV/CPP yarn was sewn into the fabric and integrated with a sensor to achieve a detachable feature and efficiently monitor K+ levels in sweat. By introducing EAICST, a speed of 10 m/h can be realized in the continuous preparation of the TPFV/CPP yarn, while the interconnected pores in the yarn sheath enable it to quickly capture and diffuse sweat. Besides, the sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity (54.26 mV/decade), fast response (1.7 s), anti-interference, and long-term stability (5000 s or more). Especially, it also possesses favorable washability and wear resistance properties. Taken together, this study provides a crucial technical foundation for the development of advanced wearable devices designed for sweat analysis.

Serine/Threonine Kinase (STK) 33 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via inflammation-related pathway.

The serine/threonine kinase (STK) 33 plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Abnormal STK33 expression is closely related to malignancy of numerous cancers. This study suggests the important role of STK33 in the pathogenesis and metastatic progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). STK33 expression in human ESCC tissues was detected by immunohistochemical technique. Further, we analyzed the relationship between STK33 and clinical and pathological factors as well as the prognosis of patients. ECa109 cell line was cultured and transfected with STK33-RNAi lentiviral vector to perform Hochest33342 & PI and metastasis experiments. The TCGA database was used to analyze the STK33 expression level in ESCC. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS 23.0 software. Differences with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. In human ESCC specimens, STK33 was overexpressed and associated with poor prognosis. Silencing STK33 expression suppressed ESCC proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumor growth. STK33 also mediated angiogenesis, TGFß, and inflammatory response in ESCC. Mechanistic investigations revealed that STK33 regulates ESCC through multiple complex pathways. Dysregulated STK33 signaling promotes ESCC growth and progression. Thus, our findings identified STK33 as a candidate treatment target that improves ESCC therapy.

Sensitive and Extraction-Free Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus through Ag+ Aptamer-Based Color Reaction.

Refractory infections, such as hospital-acquired pneumonia, can be better diagnosed with the assistance of precise methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) testing. However, traditional methods necessitate high-tech tools, rigorous temperature cycling, and the extraction of genetic material from MRSA cells. Herein, we propose a sensitive, specific, and extraction-free strategy for MRSA detection by integrating allosteric probe-based target recognition and exonuclease-III (Exo-III)-enhanced color reaction. The penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) aptamer in the allosteric probe binds with MRSA to convert protein signals to nucleic acid signals. This is followed by the DNA polymerase-assisted target recycle and the production of numerous single-strand DNA (ssDNA) chains which bind with silver ion (Ag+) aptamer to form a blunt terminus that can be identified by Exo-III. As a result, the Ag+ aptamer pre-coupled to magnetic nanoparticles is digested. After magnetic separation, the Ag+ in liquid supernatant catalyzes 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for a color reaction. In addition, a concentration of 54 cfu/mL is predicted to be the lowest detectable value. Based on this, our assay has a wide linear detection range, covering 5 orders of magnitude and demonstrating a high specificity, which allows it to accurately distinguish the target MRSA from other microorganisms.

TRIM4 Expression Related to Malignant Progression and Cisplatin Resistance in Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a high-grade intraosseous malignancy. Twenty to thirty percent of OS patients react poorly to standard therapy with a combination of surgical resection and chemotherapy. It is necessary to find molecules that play an important role in this. This study explored the role of TRIM4 in OS chemotherapy sensitivity and malignant progression. The expression of TRIM4 in OS tissues and cells was examined by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemical staining, and western blot. Specific siRNA was transfected into U2-OS and SAOS2 cells to target TRIM4. Cell biological behavior was examined by CCK-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry experiments. Cisplatin-resistant SAOS2 (SAOS2-Cis-R) cells were established, and the effect of TRIM4 expression on the cisplatin response of SAOS2 cells was tested. Knockdown of TRIM4 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of U2-OS and SAOS2 cells and induced apoptosis. TRIM4 expression was significantly higher in chemotherapy-resistant OS tissues compared to chemotherapy-sensitive OS tissues. Furthermore, the expression of TRIM4 in SAOS2-Cis-R cells was significantly increased compared to parental SAOS2 cells. Moreover, overexpression of TRIM4 enhanced cisplatin resistance in parental SAOS2 cells, while the downregulation of TRIM4 expression enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of SAOS2-Cis-R cells. High TRIM4 expression might be associated with malignant progression and poor response to chemotherapy response of OS. Targeting TRIM4 may be beneficial for OS treatment or combination therapy.