Newborns with congenital complete heart block: Advice for perinatal care providers.

Congenital complete heart block (CCHB) is a rare, but a potentially life-threatening manifestation of autoimmune diseases in neonates. Bradycardia in CCHB can be misdiagnosed as foetal distress in utero and thus precipitating a Caesarean section. We report a case series of three neonates with bradycardia without any electrolyte abnormalities and structurally normal hearts with favourable outcomes.

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation manifesting with severe respiratory distress and pneumothorax in a neonate.

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is congenital pulmonary anomaly characterized by multicystic areas, over-distension, and proliferation of terminal bronchioles with lack of normal alveoli. Clinical presentation may vary from mild respiratory symptoms to severe respiratory distress and frequent pneumothoraxes. We report a rare case of neonatal CPAM type I manifested with neonatal respiratory distress and pneumothorax, which was managed successfully with left lower lobectomy. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12055-023-01510-x.

Reconstruction of complete tracheal transection with cardiopulmonary bypass support following bull horn injury in neck during coronavirus disease 19 pandemic lockdown.

A 22-year-old male had complete tracheal transection 2.5 cm above the carina with distal end retracted into the mediastinum. This was accidental bullhorn injury to the trachea in the lower cervical region, which posed arduous challenge of "cannot intubate" situation, necessitating percutaneous femoro-femoral cardiopulmonary bypass for surgical reconstruction, during coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown.

Intraoperative right coronary artery obstruction due to aortic root prosthesis mismatch after aortic valve replacement-A case report.

Iatrogenic intraoperative coronary artery ostial occlusion is quite rare and a dangerous complication of aortic valve replacement. Intraoperative vigilance and prompt intervention are required to manage this fatal complication. A case report of a 48-year-old female with normal coronaries who underwent aortic valve replacement and had right ventricle distension is described here. It seemed that the cause which led to right coronary ostial obstruction was due to prosthesis aortic root mismatch and it required bypass with a vein graft. Computed tomographic angiography of aortic root showed abutting of right coronary ostium by the aortic valve prosthesis.

Papillary muscle approximation to septum for functional tricuspid regurgitation.

Current techniques for repair of functional tricuspid regurgitation are associated with a significant degree of residual or recurrent regurgitation. We describe a technique of anterior papillary muscle attachment to the septum to correct residual tricuspid regurgitation persisting after annuloplasty. In our early experience in 15 patients (6 men and 9 women) with a mean age of 32 ± 11 years, who underwent annuloplasty for severe functional tricuspid regurgitation secondary to rheumatic mitral valve disease, this technique effectively eliminated residual tricuspid regurgitation.

Classical windsock deformity of ruptured sinus of valsalva seen in transesophageal echocardiography.

A 25-year-old male patient found to have ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm with subpulmonic ventricular septal defect was repaired successfully. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography images showed classical windsock deformity.

Chordal transfer in rheumatic mitral regurgitation: early experience.

Chordal transfer and chordal replacement techniques have been quite successful for repair of anterior mitral leaflet prolapse in degenerative disease, but largely unexplored in rheumatic patients. To extend the scope of valve repair, we assessed the chordal transfer technique for correction of anterior mitral leaflet prolapse in 57 patients with rheumatic mitral regurgitation, who were treated between October 2008 and March 2010. There were 36 women and 21 men with a mean age of 25 ± 7.4 years. Normal chordae and a strip of leaflet tissue were transferred from the posterior leaflet to the free edge of the anterior leaflet; the posterior leaflet was repaired in the same manner as after quadrangular resection. Additional procedures were commissurotomy in 19 patients, aortic valve replacement in 1, tricuspid repair in 5, and cryo maze operations in 21. There was no hospital mortality. One (1.7%) patient had acute renal failure but recovered fully. There was moderate regurgitation in one patient who had undergone simultaneous aortic valve replacement. At a mean follow-up of 6.2 ± 2 months, 56/57 (98.2%) patients were asymptomatic with no significant mitral regurgitation.

Large tortuous patent ductus arteriosus with proximal left pulmonary artery hypoplasia.

A 3-year-old male child was diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. The evaluation of this patient by computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed a big tortuous patent ductus arteriosus and proximal left pulmonary artery stenosis. Successful elective surgical repair was undertaken.