RESUMO
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) was first described by Enzinger in 1970. It is a rare variant of soft tissue sarcoma with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of 50%. Here, we reported a case of epithelioid sarcoma in the parapharyngeal space of an adult, resulting in a favorable prognosis after chemotherapy and radiation therapy. A 34-year-old female who complained of pharynx pain and discomfort was suspected of having a tumor in the right parapharyngeal space by CT scan. Excision biopsy suggested epithelioid sarcoma. Clinical and radiological studies did not reveal tumor distant metastasis in the patient. After excisional biopsy, the patient underwent chemotherapy and external beam radiation treatment. She has remained alive for 2 years and 7 months without recurrence since her last treatment. In this paper, we also provide a detailed review of the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of epithelioid sarcoma in previously reported cases.
RESUMO
Glutathione is the major intracellular anti-oxidant against reactive oxygen species and serves as a detoxification essential. The anti-diabetic drug metformin has been showed to exert anti-tumor activity via modulation of redox homeostasis. In this study, we provided evidence that metformin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of esophageal squamous cancer cells. Importantly, we found that metformin acts as pro-oxidant via depletion of intracellular glutathione. Co-treatment with metformin reversed the elevated intracellular glutathione induced by cisplatin and therefore enhanced the sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our data indicate that combination of metformin with cisplatin may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treatment.
