[Evoked potentials in the diagnosis of traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus]. / Vyzvannye potentsialy v diagnostike travmaticheskikh povrezhdenii plechevogo spleteniia.

The level of damage to the brachial plexus in different forms of trauma was appraised in 106 patients with traction trauma of the plexus by means of evoked potentials (EP)--short-latent somatosensory EP and EP of peripheral sensory nerves. Whether the plexus was damaged on the pre- or postganglionic level was the main question. The corresponding changes of the electrophysiological values characterizing pre- or postganglionic level of the damage to the plexus were noted, they were verified during the operation. Correlation of the electrophysiological values and the results of myeloradiculography was revealed. Electrophysiological diagnosis is most informative in damage to the plexus at one level (pre- or postganglionic, total or partial) and in combined damages (when some radices are injured on the pre- and others on the postganglionic level). The diagnosis of multiple injuries to the plexus based only on electrophysiological methods is impossible; only one level of the damage is diagnosed.

[The microsurgical treatment of traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus]. / Mikrokhirurgicheskoe lechenie travmaticheskikh porazhenii plechevogo spleteniia.

The article deals with the results of examination and surgical treatment of 213 patients with various forms and levels of traumatic damage of the branchial plexus. Five levels of damages are suggested: I--preganglionic; II--postganglionic damage of the spinal nerves and primary trunks of the brachial plexus; III--damage of the secondary trunks in the clavicular region; IV--damage of the distal parts of the brachial plexus; V--isolated damages of the initial parts of the peripheral nerves. The authors describe surgical management by the method of differentiated neurotization with nerves arising from different segments of the spinal cords, by-passing the brachial plexus. Pathological changes in the region of the trauma, the character and level of the damage, the condition of the circulatory system, the presence or absence of pain, the applied rehabilitation therapy, the duration of the disease, the patient's age, and other factors have a marked influence on the outcome of the operation. Charts of distribution of the nerve fibres of the brachial plexus in the nerve trunks were compiled more exactly on the basis of data obtained during the operative intervention and autopsy.

[Complex electrophysiologic diagnosis of traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus at the preganglionic level]. / Kompleksnaia élektrofiziologicheskaia diagnostika travmaticheskikh porazhenii plechevogo spleteniia na preganglionarnom urovne.

In 20 patients with preganglionic injuries to the brachial plexus the authors recorded short-latent somatosensory evoked potentials (EP) and sensory EP in response to stimulation of the musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves on both sides. The preganglionic level of brachial plexus injury was characterized by the absence of short-latent somatosensory EP, which reflected disturbance of the connection of the neuromuscular apparatus with the spinal cord, and the presence of sensory EP which bore evidence of maintained connection of the sensory fibers with the spinal ganglia. The electrophysiological data corresponded completely to the operative findings in 11 and partly in 7 cases.

[Results of interfascicular autotransplantation in the treatment of traumatic injuries of the median and ulnar nerves]. / Rezul'taty interfastsikuliarnoi autotransplantatsii v lechenii travmaticheskikh povrezhdenii sredinnogo i loktevogo nervov.

The results of operation for interfascicular autotransplantation conducted on 50 patients with traumatic injuries to the median and ulnar nerves are analysed. The study confirmed the high efficacy of repairing defects in nerves with autografts and interfascicular apposition of the separate elements of the nerve trunks. The best results were produced with the use of short autografts. At the current stage of the development of the surgical treatment of injuries to the peripheral nerves, microsurgery with interfascicular suture and autotransplantation should be considered the method of choice.

[Mechanisms of cardiac rhythm disorder in hypothalamic lesions in basal meningiomas before and after surgery]. / Mekhanizmy narusheniia serdechnoi ritmiki pri porazheniiakh gipotalamusa u bol'nykh s bazal'nymi meningiomami do i posle operatsii.

Seventeen of 27 patients studied before and after surgical operations for basal meningioma frequently showed forms of cardial sinusal arythmia, sinusal tachycardia and ventricular extrasystolia. These pathological changes in cardiac rhythmics appeared and were aggravated during the postoperational period. Their possible pathophysiological mechanisms, due to the effect of the tumor and operative injury to the hypothalamo-diencephalic apparatus are discussed.

[Use of the tetrapolar rheocardiographic method for determination of minute blood volume in neurosurgical clinical practice]. / O primenenii v neirokhirurgicheskoi klinike tetrapoliarnogo reokardiograficheskogo metoda dlia opredeleniia minutnogo ob"ema krovi.

The stroke blood volume and the MBV were determined by tetrapolar rheocardiography at rest and under the effect of muscular exertion in neurosurgical patients (35), in surgical patients (20) and in a control group of healthy subjects (10). A Soviet device, the Ppigamma2-02 tetrapolar rheocardiograph was employed. The method of tetrapolar rheocardiography is simple, atraumatic and provides for prolonged continuous recording. It is sufficiently precise as a method of indirect determination of the minute volume: comparison with data of the radioisotope method shows the precision of tetrapolar rheocardiography to be +/- 5.5%. Its main disadvantage consists in the difficult calculation of MBV in deep, frequent and irregular respiration when the rheocardiogram waves are sharply distorted.

[Changes in cardiac activity in the acute period of subarachnoid hemorrhage]. / Izmeneniia serdechnoi deiatel'nosti v ostrom periode subarakhnoidal'nogo krovoizliianiia.

In the acute phase of subarachnoidal hemorrhages which was seen in 32 patients the author studied changes in the cardiac activity and phasic structures of cardiac contraction. The studies were supplemented by electrocardiographic and polycardiographic methods permitting to determined separate phases of cardiac contraction and quantitatively characterize the contracting function of the myocardium. In 21 patients according to the EGC data there were changes in the cardiac activity. It is assumed that the main role in the development of such changes during subarachnoidal hemorrhages belongs to diencephalic brain structures, the changed function of which lead to distrubances of central regulation of the heart activity.