RESUMO
Background and Purpose: Ischemic stroke has been reported in various conditions associated with eosinophilia. FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion ([Fip1-like 1-platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha]; F/P) leads to the proliferation of the eosinophilic lineage and thus to a clonal hypereosinophilic syndrome that is highly responsive to imatinib. Methods: We previously reported on a nationwide retrospective study of 151 patients with F/P-associated clonal hypereosinophilic syndrome. Patients from this cohort with a clinical history of ischemic stroke (as well as 2 additional cases) were further analyzed to better define their clinical picture and outcomes. Results: Sixteen male patients (median age, 51 [4359] years) with low-to-intermediate cardiovascular risk were included. Median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was 4 (range, 16). Most cerebral imaging disclosed multiple bilateral infarctions of watershed distribution (69%). Despite frequent cardiac involvement (50%), cardiac thrombus was evidenced in a single patient and, according to the TOAST classification (Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment), 62.5% of strokes were presumably of undetermined etiology. Among the 15 patients treated with imatinib, and after a median follow-up of 4.5 years, stroke recurred in only 3 patients (consisting of either cardio embolic or hemorrhagic events, unrelated to the first episode). Conclusions: F/P+ clonal hypereosinophilic syndrome is a diagnosis to consider in patients with unexplained ischemic stroke and hypereosinophilia (especially in the setting of multiple cortical borderzone distribution) and warrants prompt initiation of imatinib.
Assuntos
Infarto Cerebral/etiologia , Infarto Cerebral/terapia , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/complicações , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/terapia , AVC Isquêmico/genética , AVC Isquêmico/terapia , Proteínas de Fusão Oncogênica/genética , Receptor alfa de Fator de Crescimento Derivado de Plaquetas/genética , Fatores de Poliadenilação e Clivagem de mRNA/genética , Adulto , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Infarto Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Coronária/complicações , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Síndrome Hipereosinofílica/diagnóstico por imagem , Mesilato de Imatinib/uso terapêutico , AVC Isquêmico/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
[Figure: see text].
Assuntos
COVID-19/complicações , Hemorragias Intracranianas/complicações , AVC Isquêmico/complicações , Trombose dos Seios Intracranianos/complicações , Trombose Venosa/complicações , Adulto , Idoso , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Feminino , Geografia , Gastos em Saúde , Humanos , Cooperação Internacional , Hemorragias Intracranianas/epidemiologia , AVC Isquêmico/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Risco , Trombose dos Seios Intracranianos/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombose Venosa/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and thrombotic events (TEs) were reported in patients with COVID-19. Clinical outcome of AIS in the course of COVID-19 remains unknown. We compared early clinical outcome and mortality of COVID-positive (+) patients admitted for AIS with COVID-negative (-) ones. We hypothesized that COVID+ patients would have poorer clinical outcomes and present a higher rate of TEs and mortality compared with COVID- ones. METHODS: In this multicentric observational retrospective study, we enrolled patients over 18 years old admitted for AIS in 3 stroke units of the Parisian region during lockdown from March 17, 2020, to May 2, 2020. COVID-19 status as well as demographic, clinical, biological, and imaging data was collected retrospectively from medical records. Poor outcome was defined as modified Rankin score (mRS) 3-6 (3-6) at discharge. We also compared TE frequency and mortality rate through a composite criterion in both groups. RESULTS: Two hundred and sixteen patients were enrolled; mean age was 68 years old, and 63% were male. Forty patients were CO-VID+ (18.5%) and 176 were COVID-. Obesity was statistically more frequent in the COVID+ group (36 vs. 13% p < 0.01). The percentage of patients with mRS (3-6) at discharge was higher in the COVID+ group compared with the COVID- group (60 vs. 41%, p = 0.034). The main predictor of presenting a mRS (3-6) at discharge was high NIHSS score at admission (OR, CI 95%: 1.325, 1.22-1.43). Mortality rate was higher in the COVID+ group (12 vs. 3.4%, p = 0.033) as well as TE frequency (15 vs. 2.8%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In this study, patients with AIS infected by SARS-CoV-2 showed a poorer early outcome than COVID- ones. However, when compared to other factors, COVID-19 was not a significant predictor of poor outcome. Vascular morbidity and mortality rates were significantly higher in the COVID+ group compared with the COVID- group.
Assuntos
COVID-19/fisiopatologia , AVC Isquêmico/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Estado Funcional , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , AVC Isquêmico/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Importance: The best reperfusion strategy in patients with acute minor stroke and large vessel occlusion (LVO) is unknown. Accurately predicting early neurological deterioration of presumed ischemic origin (ENDi) following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in this population may help to select candidates for immediate transfer for additional thrombectomy. Objective: To develop and validate an easily applicable predictive score of ENDi following IVT in patients with minor stroke and LVO. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicentric retrospective cohort included 729 consecutive patients with minor stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score of 5 or less) and LVO (basilar artery, internal carotid artery, first [M1] or second [M2] segment of middle cerebral artery) intended for IVT alone in 45 French stroke centers, ie, including those who eventually received rescue thrombectomy because of ENDi. For external validation, another cohort of 347 patients with similar inclusion criteria was collected from 9 additional centers. Data were collected from January 2018 to September 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures: ENDi, defined as 4 or more points' deterioration on NIHSS score within the first 24 hours without parenchymal hemorrhage on follow-up imaging or another identified cause. Results: Of the 729 patients in the derivation cohort, 335 (46.0%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 70 (15) years; of the 347 patients in the validation cohort, 190 (54.8%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 69 (15) years. In the derivation cohort, the median (interquartile range) NIHSS score was 3 (1-4), and the occlusion site was the internal carotid artery in 97 patients (13.3%), M1 in 207 (28.4%), M2 in 395 (54.2%), and basilar artery in 30 (4.1%). ENDi occurred in 88 patients (12.1%; 95% CI, 9.7-14.4) and was strongly associated with poorer 3-month outcomes, even in patients who underwent rescue thrombectomy. In multivariable analysis, a more proximal occlusion site and a longer thrombus were independently associated with ENDi. A 4-point score derived from these variables-1 point for thrombus length and 3 points for occlusion site-showed good discriminative power for ENDi (C statistic = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.70-0.82) and was successfully validated in the validation cohort (ENDi rate, 11.0% [38 of 347]; C statistic = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.70-0.86). In both cohorts, ENDi probability was approximately 3%, 7%, 20%, and 35% for scores of 0, 1, 2 and 3 to 4, respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: The substantial ENDi rates observed in these cohorts highlights the current debate regarding whether to directly transfer patients with IVT-treated minor stroke and LVO for additional thrombectomy. Based on the strong associations observed, an easily applicable score for ENDi risk prediction that may assist decision-making was derived and externally validated.
Assuntos
Administração Intravenosa/tendências , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/terapia , Trombólise Mecânica/tendências , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Terapia Trombolítica/tendências , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual/administração & dosagem , Administração Intravenosa/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Fibrinolíticos/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Trombólise Mecânica/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/terapia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Terapia Trombolítica/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether 18F-florbetapir, a PET amyloid tracer, could bind vascular amyloid in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) by comparing cortical florbetapir retention during the acute phase between patients with CAA-related lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and patients with hypertension-related deep ICH. METHODS: Patients with acute CAA-related lobar ICH were prospectively enrolled and compared with patients with deep ICH. 18F-florbetapir PET, brain MRI, and APOE genotype were obtained for all participants. Cortical florbetapir standard uptake value ratio (SUVr) was calculated with the whole cerebellum used as a reference. Patients with CAA and those with deep ICH were compared for mean cortical florbetapir SUVr values. RESULTS: Fifteen patients with acute lobar ICH fulfilling the modified Boston criteria for probable CAA (mean age = 67 ± 12 years) and 18 patients with acute deep ICH (mean age = 63 ± 11 years) were enrolled. Mean global cortical florbetapir SUVr was significantly higher among patients with CAA-related ICH than among patients with deep ICH (1.27 ± 0.12 vs 1.12 ± 0.12, p = 0.001). Cortical florbetapir SUVr differentiated patients with CAA-ICH from those with deep ICH (area under the curve = 0.811; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.642-0.980) with a sensitivity of 0.733 (95% CI 0.475-0.893) and a specificity of 0.833 (95% CI 0.598-0.948). CONCLUSIONS: Cortical florbetapir uptake is increased in patients with CAA-related ICH relative to those with deep ICH. Although 18F-florbetapir PET can label vascular ß-amyloid and might serve as an outcome marker in future clinical trials, its diagnostic value in acute CAA-related ICH seems limited in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Compostos de Anilina , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Córtex Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Etilenoglicóis , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/normas , Idoso , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral/complicações , Angiopatia Amiloide Cerebral/metabolismo , Córtex Cerebral/metabolismo , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment seems to be frequent in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) survivors, but remains widely understudied. In this study, we investigated the frequency and patterns of vascular cognitive disorders (VCDs) in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-related and deep ICH compared to patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD) and healthy controls. METHODS: We prospectively recruited 20 patients with CAA-related lobar ICH, 20 with deep ICH, 20 with MCI-AD and 17 healthy controls. Patients with cognitive decline pre-ICH were excluded from the analysis. Each participant underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and a structural brain MRI. Cognitive assessment was performed at a median delay of 4 months after the acute phase in ICH patients, and more than 6 months after the first complaint in MCI-AD patients. Cognitive profiles were compared between groups. The prevalence of VCDs in the ICH groups was estimated using the recent VASCOG criteria. RESULTS: "Mild" and "major VCDs" were respectively observed in 87.5% and 2.5% of all ICH patients. Every patient in the CAA group had mild VCDs. No significant difference was observed in cognitive functioning between CAA-related and deep ICH patients. The most impaired process in the CAA group was naming, with a mean (±standard deviation) z-score of -5.2 ±5.5, followed by processing speed (-4.1±3.3), executive functioning (-2.6 ±2.5), memory (-2.4 ±3.5) and attention (-0.9 ±1.3). This cognitive pattern was different from the MCI-AD patients, but the groups were only different in gestural praxis, and by construction, in memory processes. CONCLUSIONS: VCDs are frequent after ICH. Cognitive patterns of patients with deep or CAA-related ICH did not differ, but there was impaired performance in specific domains distinct from the effects of Alzheimer's disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01619709.