[Prevalence and risk factors for allergic conjunctivitis in children. Comparative study in two communities]. / Prevalencia y factores de riesgo para conjuntivitis alérgica en población infantil. Estudio comparativo efectuado en dos comunidades.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for allergic conjunctivitis in childhood populations, in two communities with different urban and industrial development, and population density. METHODS: A questionnaire was applied to childhood from 6 to 14 years old, selected through cluster sampling. This was an epidemiologic study, observational, open, retrospective and cross-sectional. This is a case-control study with cohorts. Statistical analysis consisted in frequency distributions, odds ratios, 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was p < 0.05. RESULTS: In the population El Higo, at Veracruz state, where sugar industry is the most important commercial activity, allergic conjunctivitis prevalence was 9.7%; allergic family antecedent was found in 79.74% of patients (p = 0.001, OR = 8.1); nicotinism at home in 12.65% (p = 0.001, OR = 0.34); factory near of patients' house in 65.82% (p = 0.001, OR = 3.5). In Tampico-Madero-Altamira suburb, the prevalence of the pathology was 10.09%; allergic family antecedent 58.89% (p = 0.001, OR = 2.52%); nicotinism at home 36.25% (p = 0.59, OR = 1.06); factory near of house 21.01% (p = 0.03, OR = 1.29). CONCLUSIONS: Results let us to know the problem that health staff will cope when facing allergic conjunctivitis; that results will be important for strategies designing, in order to establish preventive actions to take in the health-disease evolution of this pathology.

Rinosinusitis crónica, síntomas predominantes en menores de 14 años que acudieron al centro regional para la prevención y el tratamiento de las enfermedades alérgicas / Chronic rhinosinusitis in population younger 14 years main symptoms

La rinosinusitis crónica afecta al 5 por ciento de la población que sufre infecciones de las vías respiratorias. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer los sintomas predominantes en la población menor de 14 años con diagnóstico de rinosinusitis crónica, conocer su distribución etaria, por sexo y tiempo de evolución. Se incluyeron 100 pacientes con este diagnóstico a quienes se les realizaron: historia clínica, examen físico, citología nasal, pruebas cutáneas y serie de senos paranasales. Los sintomas predominantes fueron: tos, halitosis, descarga retronasal purulenta, fiebre, cefalea, odinofagia, dolor facial, y edema periorbitario, de predominio en el sexo masculino y con un tiempo promedio de evolución de 1-2 años