Mercado de trabalho da enfermagem: aspectos gerais / Nursing work market: general aspects

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos gerais do mercado de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem, quanto a forma que se insere nos setores estruturantes do setor da saúde, seja, público, privado, filantrópico e ensino.É um estudo transversal cuja população alvo é constituída por todos os enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem do Brasil, que possuem registro ativo no Conselho Federal de Enfermagem (COFEN). O estudo tem representatividade nacional, sendo capaz de gerar resultados para cada unidade da federação. Os resultados apontam para hegemônica empregabilidade do setor público; concentração da Força de trabalho da Enfermagem (FTEn) nos grandes centros urbanos; escassez de enfermeiros nos interiores do país; nova composição intra-categorias, entre outros. Sinalizam ainda para uma extensa jornada de trabalho, vínculos precários, rendimentos mensais aquém do básico para um trabalho decente, ou seja, subjornadas, subsalários e subempregos. Uma equipe que soma 1,8 milhão de profissionais, sendo 414 mil enfermeiros e 1,4 milhão de técnicos e auxiliares, ou seja, 65% da equipe de saúde que atua no sistema, traz uma diversidade e complexidade de análises. Os dados da pesquisa permite subsidiar a construção de políticas públicas adequadas com a realidade desse imenso contingente de trabalhadores, fundamentais para o Sistema Único de Saúde. (AU)

The article aims to analyze the general aspects of the nursing staff labor market, as the way they operate in structuring sectors of the health sector, that is, (public, private, philanthropic and education). It is a cross-sectional study whose target population consists of all nurses, technicians and nursing assistants from Brazil, which have active registration with the Federal Nursing Council (COFEN). The study has a national presence, being able to generate results for each state. The results point to the hegemonic employment in the public sector; concentration of the Nursing Workforce (FTEn) in large urban centers; shortage of nurses in the country's interior; intra-composition new categories. Signal yet for an extensive working hours, precarious links, monthly income below the basics for a decent job, sub journeys, sub wages and underemployment. A team that sum 1.8 million professionals, 414,000 nurses and 1.4 million technicians and assistants, namely 65% of the health team working in the system, brings a diversity and complexity analysis. The survey data may subsidize the construction of public policies adequate to the reality of the huge number of workers, essential for the Health System.(AU)

El artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los aspectos generales del mercado de trabajo del personal de enfermería, ya que la forma en que operan en los sectores de estructuración del sector de la salud, es decir, (públicas, privadas, filantrópicas y la educación). Se trata de un estudio transversal cuya población objetivo consta de todas las enfermeras, técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería de Brasil, que tienen el registro activo con el Consejo Federal de Enfermería (COFEN). El estudio tiene una presencia nacional, siendo capaz de generar resultados para cada estado. Los resultados apuntan a la hegemónica de empleo en el sector público; concentración de la Fuerza Laboral de Enfermería (FTEn) en los grandes centros urbanos; escasez de enfermeras en el interior del país; intra-composición nuevas categorías. Señal sin embargo, para una extensa jornada de trabajo, vínculos precarios, ingresos mensuales por debajo de lo básico para un trabajo decente, es decir subjornadas, subsalários y subempleo. Un equipo que suma 1,8 millones profesionales, 414.000 enfermeras y 1,4 millones de técnicos y auxiliares, es decir, 65% del equipo de salud que trabajan en el sistema, trae una diversidad y complejidad de análisis. Los datos de la encuesta pueden subsidiar la construcción de políticas públicas adecuadas a la realidad de la gran cantidad de trabajadores, esenciales para el Sistema de Salud.(AU)

Towards the construction of health workforce metrics for Latin America and the Caribbean.

INTRODUCTION: One of the components of the Health Observatory for Latin American and the Caribbean (HO-LAC) is the design and implementation of metrics for human resources for health. Under the HO-LAC initiative, researchers from nine countries in the region formed the Collaborative Community on Human Resources for Health in Latin America and the Caribbean to identify common metrics applicable to the field of human resources for health (HRH). CASE DESCRIPTION: The case description comprises three stages: a) the origins of an initiative in which a non-governmental organization brings together researchers involved in HRH policy in LAC, b) a literature search to identify initiatives to develop methods and metrics to assess the HRH field in the region, and c) subsequent discussions held by the group of researchers regarding the possibilities of identifying an appropriate set of metrics and indicators to assess HRH throughout the region. DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION: A total of 101 documents produced between 1985 and 2008 in the LAC region were identified. Thirty-three of the papers included a variety of measurements comprising counts, percentages, proportions, indicators, averages and metrics, but only 13 were able to fully describe the methods used to identify these metrics and indicators. Of the 33 articles with measurements, 47% addressed labor market issues, 25% were about working conditions, 23% were on HRH training and 5% addressed regulations. Based on these results, through iterative discussions, metrics were defined into three broad categories (training, labor market and working conditions) and available sources of information for their estimation were proposed. While only three of the countries have data on working conditions, all countries have sufficient data to measure at least one aspect of HRH training and the HRH labor market. CONCLUSIONS: Information gleaned from HRH metrics makes it possible to carry out comparisons on a determined experience in space and time, in a given country and/or region. The results should then constitute evidence for policy formulation and HRH planning and programs, with improved health system performance ultimately contributing to improved population health. The results of this study are expected to guide decision making by incentivizing the construction of metrics that provide information about HRH problems in LAC countries.

Towards the construction of health workforce metrics for Latin America and the Caribbean

Introduction: One of the components of the Health Observatory for Latin American and the Caribbean (HO-LAC) is the design and implementation of metrics for human resources for health. Under the HO-LAC initiative, researchers from nine countries in the region formed the Collaborative Community on Human Resources for Health in Latin America and the Caribbean to identify common metrics applicable to the field of human resources for health (HRH). Case description: The case description comprises three stages: a) the origins of an initiative in which a nongovernmental organization brings together researchers involved in HRH policy in LAC, b) a literature search to identify initiatives to develop methods and metrics to assess the HRH field in the region, and c) subsequent discussions held by the group of researchers regarding the possibilities of identifying an appropriate set of metrics and indicators to assess HRH throughout the region. Discussion and evaluation: A total of 101 documents produced between 1985 and 2008 in the LAC region were identified. Thirty-three of the papers included a variety of measurements comprising counts, percentages, proportions, indicators, averages and metrics, but only 13 were able to fully describe the methods used to identify these metrics and indicators. Of the 33 articles with measurements, 47% addressed labor market issues, 25% were about working conditions, 23% were on HRH training and 5% addressed regulations. Based on these results, through iterative discussions, metrics were defined into three broad categories (training, labor market and working conditions) and available sources of information for their estimation were proposed. While only three of the countries have data on working conditions, all countries have sufficient data to measure at least one aspect of HRH training and the HRH labor market. Conclusions: Information gleaned from HRH metrics makes it possible to carry out comparisons on a determined experience in space and time, in a given country and/or region. The results should then constitute evidence for policy formulation and HRH planning and programs, with improved health system performance ultimately contributing to improved population health. The results of this study are expected to guide decision making by incentivizing the construction of metrics that provide information about HRH problems in LAC countries. (AU)