Multi-lingual multi-platform investigations of online trade in jaguar parts.

We conducted research to understand online trade in jaguar parts and develop tools of utility for jaguars and other species. Our research took place to identify potential trade across 31 online platforms in Spanish, Portuguese, English, Dutch, French, Chinese, and Vietnamese. We identified 230 posts from between 2009 and 2019. We screened the images of animal parts shown in search results to verify if from jaguar; 71 posts on 12 different platforms in four languages were accompanied by images identified as definitely jaguar, including a total of 125 jaguar parts (50.7% posts in Spanish, 25.4% Portuguese, 22.5% Chinese and 1.4% French). Search effort varied among languages due to staff availability. Standardizing for effort across languages by dividing number of posts advertising jaguars by search time and number of individual searches completed via term/platform combinations changed the proportions the rankings of posts adjusted for effort were led by Portuguese, Chinese, and Spanish. Teeth were the most common part; 156 posts offered at least 367 teeth and from these, 95 were assessed as definitely jaguar; 71 of which could be linked to a location, with the majority offered for sale from Mexico, China, Bolivia, and Brazil (26.8, 25.4, 16.9, and 12.7% respectively). The second most traded item, skins and derivative items were only identified from Latin America: Brazil (7), followed by Peru (6), Bolivia (3), Mexico (2 and 1 skin piece), and Nicaragua and Venezuela (1 each). Whether by number of posts or pieces, the most commonly parts were: teeth, skins/pieces of skins, heads, and bodies. Our research took place within a longer-term project to assist law enforcement in host countries to better identify potential illegal trade and presents a snapshot of online jaguar trade and methods that also may have utility for many species traded online.

Fractura de pelvis en la edad pediátrica, experiencia en Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriaran / Pelvic fracture in pediatric age: experience in hospital clínico San Borja Arriaran

La fractura de pelvis en niños es infrecuente. Su incidencia es 2,4-7.5 por ciento de las fracturas. El mecanismo de daño es traumatismos de alta energía. El diagnostico se realiza con radiografía y TAC de pelvis. El tratamiento puede ser conservador o quirúrgico, según: edad, clasificación, estabilidad del anillo, lesiones concomitantes y hemodinamia. La mayoría es conservador. En este estudio describimos el manejo de esta patología en el SOTI del HCSBA. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, de 6 pacientes entre los años 2005-2014, analizamos: sexo, edad, mecanismo de daño, tratamiento recibido, tiempo de recuperación, seguimiento y complicaciones. Resultados: 83,3 por ciento correspondió al sexo femenino, la edad promedio fue 11,3 años, el daño ocurrió por: atropello (50 por ciento),accidente de tránsito (33,3 por ciento) y caída de altura (16,7 por ciento), los tratamientos fueron: conservador (83,3 por ciento) y quirúrgico (16,7 por ciento), la marcha se inició en promedio a las 3,6 semanas, la media de meses de seguimiento fue de 5,1; las complicaciones fueron inherentes a la fractura .Discusión: la literatura coincide con los resultados obtenidos con respecto a edad, mecanismo de daño y tratamiento. En cuanto a la recuperación, no se encontró tiempo específico. Conclusiones: el manejo realizado en este centro es acorde a la evidencia actual.

The pelvic fracture in children is rare. Its incidence is 2,4-7.5% of fractures. The mechanism of injury high energy trauma. The diagnosis is made with radiographs and CT pelvis. Treatment can be conservative or surgical, according to age, classification, stability ring, concomitant injuries and hemodynamics. Most are conservative. In this study we describe the management of this condition in the HCSBA SOTI. Materials and Methods :retrospective descriptive study, of 6 patients between 2005-2014, we analyzed: sex, age, mechanism of injury, treatment received, recovery time, complications and follow. Results: 83.3 percent were female, the average age was 11.3 years, the damage occurred by: motor vehicle–pedestrian injury (50 percent), traffic accident (33.3 percent) and fall from height (16.7 percent). The treatments were: conservative (83.3 percent) and surgical (16.7 percent), the march began on average at3.6 weeks, months average follow-up was 5.1; complications were inherent to fracture. Discussion: The literature agrees with the results obtained with respect to age, mechanism of injury and treatment. As for the recovery time is not found specific time. Conclusions: The management held in this center is in line with the current evidence.

Thermochemical capture of carbon dioxide on lithium aluminates (LiAlO2 and Li5AlO4): a new option for the CO2 absorption.

Lithium aluminates (LiAlO(2) and Li(5)AlO(4)) were synthesized, characterized, and tested as possible CO(2) captors. LiAlO(2) did not seem to have good qualities for the CO(2) absorption. On the contrary, Li(5)AlO(4) showed excellent behavior as a possible CO(2) captor. Li(5)AlO(4) was thermally analyzed under a CO(2) flux dynamically and isothermically at different temperatures. These results clearly showed that Li(5)AlO(4) is able to absorb CO(2) in a wide temperature range (200-700 degrees C). Nevertheless, an important sintering effect was observed during the thermal treatment of the samples, which produced an atypical behavior during the CO(2) absorption at low temperatures. However, at high temperatures, once the lithium diffusion is activated, the sintering effect did not interfere with the CO(2) absorption. Eyring's model was used to determine the activation enthalpies of the CO(2) absorption (15.6 kJ/mol) and lithium diffusion (52.1 kJ/mol); the last one is the limiting process.