[A role of some intracellular signaling cascades in planarian regeneration activated under irradiation with low-temperature argon plasma].

Using inhibitory analysis the role of some intracellular signaling pathways in activation of planarian regeneration under the influence of low-temperature argon plasma (LTAP) has been investigated. Inactivation of specific inhibitors of intracellular signaling enzymes such as the receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR), TGF ß receptor, calmodulin, adenylate cyclase, phospholipase A2, phospholipase C, cyclin-dependent protein kinase, JAK2-protein kinase, JNK-protein kinase MEK-protein kinase led to inhibition of the head growth during its regeneration in planarians. Pretreatment with LTAP irradiation provided no inhibitory action of some cascades regulating proliferation. However, the inhibitors of the key regulators of regeneration: TGF ß receptor, calmodulin and MEK-protein kinase completely suppressed the activating effect of plasma. Thus, by the example of regenerating planarians it is shown, that biological activity of low-temperature argon plasma LTAP is caused by modulation of a plurality of cellular signaling systems.

[Autoimmune states correction for pathologic component (link) elimination that hinder physiologic osteogenesis].

Technological progress widens the possibility to treat patients with serious diseases influencing the reparative processes in human organism. In their clinical practice stomatologists come across with the failure of healing up processes in bone and soft tissues of post operational wounds. Big group of patients was with autoimmune diseases. By the individually selected methods of gravitational blood surgery we managed to stabilize autoimmune diseases and to correct the immune system status that gave the possibility to run reconstructive operations in the maxillofacial region without complications.

[The role of energy substrates in regulation of the force-frequency relationship in the rat myocardium: effect of ambiocor].

The effect of ambiocor (15 mg/100 ml), which contains natural substrates of energy metabolism, on the contractility of papillary muscles (PM) of the right ventricle of the rat heart was studied at stimulation frequencies from 0.1 to 3.0 Hz at a temperature of 30 +/- 1 degrees C (n = 7). The effect was recorded 20 min after the addition of the preparation. It was demonstrated that ambiocor causes a significant (about 70%), independent of stimulation frequency, suppression of the amplitude of isometric contractions (negative inotropic effect), which is coupled with an increase in the relative value of the rest potentiation effect (a qualitative index of calcium content in sarcoplasmic reticulum). The influence of the mixture leads to significant alterations in the time parameters of the "contraction-relaxation" cycle: an increase in the duration of latent period; and a decrease in the time to peak tension and half-relaxation time (TR50%). The effect of the mixture is partially reversible. During the washing of the preparation with the control solution, the qualitative indicators of the contractile activity of papillary muscles are substantially improved in comparison with the initial ones. The character of alterations allows one to assume that the effect of ambiocor in the papillary muscles of the rat heart is realized partly through the suppression of the activity of sarcolemmal calcium channels.

Accelerated utilization of lactate under the effect of hypoxen after intensive exercise.

Administration of substrates of energy metabolism in combination with hypoxen (sulfur-containing oligoquinone) promoted the increase in blood lactate concentration during maximum exercise, accelerated lactate utilization, and reduced the lactate/pyruvate ratio during recovery. The in vivo effects are in line with hypoxen capacity to accelerate in vitro oxidation of exogenous NADH in mitochondria by the non-rotenone-dependent pathway realized with participation of cytochrome C.

[Oxidative stress in victims with heavy combined cranium-facial trauma].

For acute posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma (CFT) considerable activation of peroxide lipids oxidation in the liquor is typical beginning from the 1st day of posttraumatic period on the background of speedy and drastic depletion of fermentative and low-molecular antioxidant liquor system (in spite of introduction of antioxidants particularly a-tocopherol acetate). Non-adequate functioning of the system of antioxidant defense on the background of free radical activity splash can be considered as breakdown of the process of adaptive reaction forming. It leads to weighting the course of posttraumatic period of heavy combined cranium-facial trauma and its outcome as a whole.

Succinate-based preparation alleviates manifestations of the climacteric syndrome in women.

Clinical placebo-controlled study of Enerlit-Clima (bioactive succinate-based food additive) a showed positive effect of the preparation on general clinical and psychoemotional manifestations of the climacteric syndrome. A trend to an increase in estradiol level in early pathological climacteric and normalization of the endometrial status were observed.

Composition of energy metabolism substrates increases the efficiency of pharmacotherapy of cardiovascular diseases.

The substrate composition containing succinic acid, substrates for succinate synthesis, and antioxidants increased the efficiency of pharmacotherapy in patients with coronary heart disease and hypertension. We revealed an increase in the quality of life and decrease in the functional class of heart failure, incidence of arrhythmias and exercise-related pain, and blood cholesterol concentration.

[Evaluation of glucose utilization in patients with insulin-independent diabetes mellitus by using breathing test]. / Kharakteristika utilizatsii gliukozy s pomoshch'iu 13C-neinvazibvnogo dykhatel'nogo testa pri insulinnezavisimom sakharnom diabete.

Commonly used clinical and biochemical parameters, such as the content of glucose, insulin, somatotropic hormone, triglycerides, lactate, pyruvate, and free fatty acids (FFA) in blood of practically healthy subjects and in patients with insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IIDM), were compared with the parameters obtained by mass-spectrometric analysis of 13CO2 in expired air after 13C-glucose loading. It was shown that, as opposed to healthy subjects, the content of blood glucose and free fatty acids in patients with IIDM increased, the level of glucose dropped in progression upon short-term fasting, and the concentration of lactate changed both upon fasting and after the administration of small test doses of glucose. The use of the 13C-glucose breathing test (13C-GBT), which presupposes the loading of safe small doses of glucose enriched in 13C-isotope permitted one to reveal a number of novel quantitative diagnostic criteria for the evaluation of glucose metabolism in patients with IIDM: a decrease in the rate of 13C withdrawal as a constituent of expired carbon dioxide after the administration of 13C-glucose; a reduction in the amount of exogenous glucose metabolized to carbon dioxide; and increased oxidation of endogenous substrates participating in carbon dioxide formation. Small glucose loads proposed by the authors in 13C-GBT are safe for patients with diabetes mellitus and have no effect on the level of blood glucose in healthy persons. The parameters determined by noninvasive 13C-GBT are more sensitive for diagnosis than commonly used biochemical characteristics of blood in patients with IIDM. The diagnostic criteria obtained allow the prediction of the maximum prohibited glucose loading for every patient.

[New artificial blood: sensation without any sensation (comments to the article in the journal New Scientist of 13 March, 2004)]. / Novaia iskusstvennaia krov': sensatsiia bez sensatsii (Kommentarii k stat'e v zhurnale New Scientist ot 13 marta 2004 goda).

In the article of Sylvia P. Westphal "New artificial blood shows promise" the sensational, at first sight, contention is adduced that numerous researchers engaged in the development of artificial blood substituents have many years followed the false pathway and did not understand the mechanisms of action of gas-transporting blood substituents, and now this understanding is available. In the paper being commented, the author gives three criteria that gas-transporting blood substituents must meet. The statement that the developers of gas-transporting blood substituents were unaware of these criteria is, in our opinion, questionable. We have known and have taken them into account development of the Russian gas-transporting blood substituent perftoran.

[Effects of blood substitutes of different pharmacological groups and the mode of their injection on the bloodflow of rats]. / Vliianie krovezamenitelei razlichnykh farmakologicheskikh grupp na sostoianie sistemnogo krovotoka u krys pri razlichnykh sposobakh vvedeniia.

Central and peripheral bloodflow before and after intramuscular and intravenous injections of 0.9% NaCl (control groups, n=20) and perfluothane (n=20) in a dose of 5 ml/kg was studied in 40 Wistar rats. Dopplerographic study of the bloodflow was carried out on a diagnostic device Biomedical AU-5 (Italy). The study showed that intramuscular injections of both 0.9% NaCl and perfluothane did not lead to a significant increase of the bloodflow, but perfluothane caused a significantly greater increase of both arterial and venous bloodflow in the injection zone in comparison with the control. Intravenous injection of perfluothane increased significantly the systemic and local bloodflow in comparison with the baseline level and control, while total peripheral resistance was decreased.

Histological method for evaluation of the efficiency of Enerlit-Clima.

We propose a method of evaluation of anticlimacteric efficiency of a drug by its effect on the estrous cycle. The study was carried out on 9-month-old mice with retained, but notably reduced reproductive function. Analysis of the cell components of the estrous cycle was carried out on histological preparations of vaginal smears.

Comparative study of vasaprostan and alprostan in spontaneous platelet aggregation test in mice.

We propose a method for evaluation of spontaneous aggregation of mouse platelets based on routine clinical blood tests for humans. Comparative analysis of Vasaprostan and Alprostan drugs showed that this test can be used for testing of new drugs on animals.

[Anaerobic formation of succinate and facilitation of its oxidation -- possible mechanisms of cell adaptation to oxygen deficiency]. / Anaérobnoe obrazovanie suktsinata i oblegchenie ego okisleniia-- vozmozhnye mekhanizmy adaptatsii kletki k kislorodnomu golodaniiu.

An important role of anaerobic formation of succinate in anoxic and hypoxic states and the activation of succinate oxidation under hypoxia were shown. It was concluded that, for maintaining the energetics of animal cells under conditions of oxygen deficiency, it is advisable to use substrates capable of participating in the anaerobic formation of succinate, whereas under hypoxia it is reasonable to use succinate itself.

[Concentration of macroergic phosphates and oxidative potential of skeletal muscles]. / Kontsentratsiia makroergicheskikh fosfatov i okislitel'nyi potentsial skeletnykh myshts.

It is known that a long-duration decline of high-energy phosphate (HP) level in skeletal muscles, induced by administration of beta-guanidinpropionic acid (beta-GPA), is followed by an increase in mitochondrial enzyme activities (MEA). The same increase in MEA was observed in the course of physical exercise training. Under gravitational inloading decrease in MEA and increase in the level of high-energy phosphates occurred. If changes in (HP) level are believed to trigger the alterations in MEA, the increase in high-energy phosphate levels in muscles is to lead to a decline in MEA as well. The present work was purposed to reveal if changes in HP level under different contractile activity levels may be associated with changes in oxidative potential in the skeletal muscles.

[Quantitative analysis of mechanical characteristics of pathologically altered soft biological tissues]. / Kolichestvennyi analiz mekhanicheskikh kharakteristik patologicheski izmennykh miagkikh biologicheskikh tkanei.

The diagnostic importance of the mechanical properties of pathologically altered soft biological tissues is substantiated. The data on elastic properties of prostate and mammary gland obtained on postoperational material are presented. The methods of treating the experimental data used to determine these characteristics are described.

[A new method to determine the type of scar-changed tissue]. / Novyi sposob opredeleniia tipa rubtsovo-izmenennoi tkani.

The mechanical parameters of the skin and scarring tissues were assessed in children aged 3-14 years who had various scar types, by using an ACA apparatus, which measures the propagation rates of superficial acoustic waves in the skin. It was found that the types (atrophic, hypertrophic, keloid) of scars could be significantly differentiated from the value of this parameter. The comparison of clinical and acoustic data shows high (as high as 90%) significance of the latter.