Evaluating a polymicrobial biofilm model for structural components by co-culturing Komagataeibacter hansenii produced bacterial cellulose with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1.

A polymicrobial biofilm model of Komagataeibacter hansenii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was developed to understand whether a pre-existing matrix affects the ability of another species to build a biofilm. P. aeruginosa was inoculated onto the preformed K. hansenii biofilm consisting of a cellulose matrix. P. aeruginosa PAO1 colonized and infiltrated the K. hansenii bacterial cellulose biofilm (BC), as indicated by the presence of cells at 19 µm depth in the translucent hydrogel matrix. Bacterial cell density increased along the imaged depth of the biofilm (17-19 µm). On day 5, the average bacterial count across sections was 67 ± 4 % P. aeruginosa PAO1 and 33 ± 6 % K. hansenii. Biophysical characterization of the biofilm indicated that colonization by P. aeruginosa modified the biophysical properties of the BC matrix, which inlcuded increased density, heterogeneity, degradation temperature and thermal stability, and reduced crystallinity, swelling ability and moisture content. This further indicates colonization of the biofilm by P. aeruginosa. While eDNA fibres - a key viscoelastic component of P. aeruginosa biofilm - were present on the surface of the co-cultured biofilm on day 1, their abundance decreased over time, and by day 5, no eDNA was observed, either on the surface or within the matrix. P. aeruginosa-colonized biofilm devoid of eDNA retained its mechanical properties. The observations demonstrate that a pre-existing biofilm scaffold of K. hansenii inhibits P. aeruginosa PAO1 eDNA production and suggest that eDNA production is a response by P. aeruginosa to the viscoelastic properties of its environment.

Bacterial cellulose adhesive composites for oral cavity applications.

Topical approaches to oral diseases require frequent dosing due to limited retention time. A mucoadhesive drug delivery platform with extended soft tissue adhesion capability of up to 7 days is proposed for on-site management of oral wound. Bacterial cellulose (BC) and photoactivated carbene-based bioadhesives (PDz) are combined to yield flexible film platform for interfacing soft tissues in dynamic, wet environments. Structure-activity relationships evaluate UV dose and hydration state with respect to adhesive strength on soft tissue mimics. The bioadhesive composite has an adhesion strength ranging from 7 to 17 kPa and duration exceeding 48 h in wet conditions under sustained shear forces, while other mucoadhesives based on hydrophilic macromolecules exhibit adhesion strength of 0.5-5 kPa and last only a few hours. The work highlights the first evaluation of BC composites for mucoadhesive treatments in the buccal cavity.