[The formation of bio-films by opportunistic microorganisms isolated from patients with rheumatic diseases].

The study was carried out concerning capability of 194 strains of opportunistic microorganisms to form bio-films. It is established that bacteria ecizing organism of patients with rheumatic diseases have capacity to form microbial bio-films. The formation of bio-films is manifested with the same rate as in agents of inflammatory processes. At that, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and bacteria of genus Proteus isolated under rheumatic diseases have significantly higher capability to form biofilms that matters for development of comorbide infections.

[Intestinal microbiocenosis in systemic connective tissue diseases].

The purpose of the investigation was to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of colon microflora in system connective tissue diseases and system vasculites. The authors studied colon microflora in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, nodular polyarteritis, and hemorrhagic vasculitis. The structure of symbiotic interrelations between microorganisms participating in the formation of colon microbiocenosis was determined. Colon microflora was found to be disordered in terms of its qualitative and quantitative composition. The predomination of anaerobic microorganisms was decreased, while the role of conditionally pathogenic bacteria was increased. The number of lactobacteria was significantly lowered; bifidobacteria and bacteroids were found frequently, while their number was substantially lowered as well. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria with hemolytic activity acquired high significance in the forming of the colon microbiocenosis of the patients. The frequency of the isolation and the density of colon colonization with staphylococci and conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria were significantly increased. General trends and peculiarities of changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of colon microflora in some rheumatic diseases were determined. The data on the peculiarities of the colon microbiocenosis in these patients may be used to substantiate methods of complex therapy including correction of dysbiotic disturbances.

[Microbiology and immunology of suppurative surgical infection caused by non spore-forming anaerobes]. / Mikrobiologiia i immunologiia gnoinoi khirurgicheskoi infektsii, vyzvannoi nesporoobrazuiushchimi anaérobami.

Examinations of 230 patients with local pyogenic infection and those of 117 patients with sepsis revealed that asporogenic anaerobes on pure culture were isolated in 17.8% with local pyosis and in 10.2% of patients with sepsis. Anaerobes along with aerobic microbes were found 15.6% of patients with local infection and in 10.2% of patients with sepsis. The involvement of obligate anaerobes in the development of pyogenic infection was displayed by the lower phagocytic activity of neutrophils, the impaired differentiation of lymphocytes, the great increased peripheral blood levels of O-cells, and diminished serum complementary, lysozyme, and overall bactericidal activities and IgM levels.

[Postoperative suppurative complications and immune status in the surgical treatment of rectal neoplasms]. / Posleoperatsionnye gnoinye oslozhneniia i immunnyi status organizma pri operativnom lechenii raka tolstoi kishki.

The authors studied the course of the disease in the postoperative period in 308 patients with carcinoma of the rectum. The literature data and personal experience made it possible to reveal the high frequency of purulent complications among this category of patients. In view of this, the values of humoral and cellular metabolism were studied in some patients with uncomplicated forms of rectal carcinoma. Special attention was given for the first time to the peculiarities of local defence reactions of the peritoneum.

[The bacteriological and immunological assessment of peritoneal-enteral lavage in the treatment of general suppurative peritonitis at the stage of multiple organ failure]. / Bakteriologicheskaia i immunologicheskaia otsenka peritoneal'no-énteral'nogo lavazha v lechenii obshchego gnoinogo peritonita v stadii poliorgannoi nedostatochnosti.

The article shows that peritoneal-enteral lavage reduced the yield of microorganisms from the suppurative focus, the reduced yield after a single lavage might be considered as a favourable prognostic sign. Results of a quantitative bacteriological analysis are thought to be an objective criterion for performing or completing the stage of the peritoneal lavage. The peritoneal-enteral lavage promotes the activation of local defensive reactions in the abdominal cavity.

[Characteristics of the course and complex hyperbaric oxygenation treatment of post-injection infection]. / Osobennost' techeniia i kompleksnoe lechenie s GBO postinëktsionnogo sepsisa.

The observation of 32 patients has shown that the presence of all kinds of hypoxia in iatrogenic sepsis determines the complex therapy aimed at all the links of the pathogenetic chain associated with hyperbaric oxygenation. The debridement of the wounds from necrotic patches, appearance of pink granulations were noticed after 5-6 sessions of HBO which could be followed by skin plasty. The following 7-14 sessions of HBO resulted in a good take of the transplanted grafts.

[Vacuum therapy in the treatment of suppurative lactation mastitis]. / Vakuum-terapiia v lechenii gnoinykh laktatsionnykh mastitov.

An analysis of results of treatment of 299 patients with acute purulent lactation mastitis has shown the use of vacuum therapy by the authors' method to result in a considerably shorter time of healing the wounds, in quicker detoxication of the organism. It controls pyo-septic complications, normalizes immune processes. The method is simple and may be used at any surgical department.

[Importance of the indices of immunity for predicting the course and assessing the effectiveness of the treatment in acute suppurative lactation mastitis]. / Znachenie pokazatelei immuniteta dlia prognozirovaniia techeniia i otsenki éffektivnosti lecheniia ostrogo gnoinogo laktatsionnogo mastita.

The examination of 47 patients with acute purulent lactation mastitis and 14 patients with the resulting sepsis has shown a decreased level of nonspecific resistance factors. Generalization of the purulent process is characterized by disturbed humoral and cellular links of immunity. The dynamic research of immunity factors can give an estimation of the effectiveness of the chosen treatment and prognosis of possible complications. The general bactericidal activity of blood may be considered one of the most informative indices showing the direction of the process.

[Hyperbaric oxygenation in the complex treatment of complicated forms of acute suppurative mastitis]. / Giperbarooksigenoterapiia v kompleksnom lechenii oslozhnennykh form ostrogo gnoinogo mastita.

HBO was used in the complex of curative measures in 57 patients with complicated course of acute purulent mastitis. Its positive effect upon the external ventilation, general hemodynamics, reduced intoxication, correction of the secondary immune insufficiency and healing of the wounds was shown.

[Characteristics of the causative agent and of the immunological status of the body in experimental dormant staphylococcal infection]. / Kharakteristika vozbuditelia i immunologicheskogo statusa organizma pri dremliushchei stafilokokkovoi infektsii v ékspekimente.

Pathogenic staphylococci were found to persist in the focus of dormant infection in guinea pigs till day 100 of the experiment without changing their biological properties and sensitivity to antibiotics. The latent period of dormant staphylococcal infection was characterized by the increasing titers of antibodies to staphylococcal autostrains, by the positive results of the intradermal allergic test and the macrophage migration inhibition test with hemolytic staphylococcal allergen, as well as by the suppression of serum lysozyme activity. No changes in the content of complement and the total bactericidal activity of blood serum were detected.

[Activity of T- and B-system lymphocytes in generalized purulent infections]. / Aktivnost' T- i B-sistem limfotsitov pri obshchei gnoinoi infektsii.

The comparison of the results obtained in the study of blood samples taken from 37 septic patients and 60 healthy persons has revealed that general purulent infection is accompanied by a drop in the percentage and absolute content of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, by a rise in the level off D-lymphocytes, by a considerable increase in the number of O-cells. At the same time the patients with general purulent infection show a change in the functional activity of the B-system of lymphocytes, which is manifested by a decrease in the amount of IgM and IgG, an increase in the titers of antibodies to staphylococci, strain 209p. These data suggest that in general purulent infection profound disturbances occur in the immune system of the body.

[State of the nonspecific humoral factors of the body's natural resistance in patients with suppurative and septic infections having various ABO system blood groups]. / Sostoianie nespetsificheskikh gumoral'nykh faktorov estestvennoi rezistentnosti organizma u bol'nykh gnoino-septicheskimi infektsiiami s raznymi gruppami krovi sistemy ABO.

The results of surveying 140 patients with severe purulent and septic infections of staphylococcal etiology, when compared with the distribution of the blood groups (as classified according to the ABO system) in 180 healthy donors, revealed that generalized purulent infections occurred most frequently in patients with blood groups A (II) and AB (IV), and more seldom in patients with blood groups O (I) and B (III). The average content of lysozyme, complement and normal antibodies to E. coli, as well as the average level of general bactericidal activity in the blood sera of the patients were considerably lower than in the blood sera of healthy donors; at the same time content of lysozyme, complement and normal antibodies in the blood sera of patients having different groups of blood did not reflect the degree of their predisposition or resistance to staphylococcal infections. The general bactericidal activity of the blood serum was found to correlate with the degree of predisposition or resistance to purulent septic infections of staphylococcal etiology to a greater extent than other characteristics.

[Activity of the T- and B-lymphocyte systems in microbial eczema]. / Aktivnost' T- i B-sistem limfotsitov pri mikrobnoi ékzeme.

The author demonstrated a marked reduction in number of T-spontaneously rosette-forming lymphocyte and B-cells tested by direct immunofluorescence in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from microbial eczema. Reduction in number of B-lymphocytes was accompanied by a decrease in serum immunoglobulins (of M and G classes) content, of the titre of normal antibodies of E. coli, in parallel with increase in concentration of immunoglobulins, class A, and of agglutinating titre to staphylococcus P-209.