Curcumin: A Golden Approach to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review of the Evidence.

Aging-related disorders pose significant challenges due to their complex interplay of physiological and metabolic factors, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Curcumin, a natural compound with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has emerged as a promising candidate for mitigating these age-related processes. However, gaps in understanding the precise mechanisms of curcumin's effects and the optimal dosages for different conditions necessitate further investigation. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on curcumin's potential in addressing age-related disorders, emphasizing its impact on cognitive function, neurodegeneration, and muscle health in older adults. By evaluating the safety, efficacy, and mechanisms of action of curcumin supplementation, this review aims to provide insights into its therapeutic potential for promoting healthy aging. A systematic search across three databases using specific keywords yielded 2256 documents, leading to the selection of 15 clinical trials for synthesis. Here, we highlight the promising potential of curcumin as a multifaceted therapeutic agent in combating age-related disorders. The findings of this review suggest that curcumin could offer a natural and effective approach to enhancing the quality of life of aging individuals. Further research and well-designed clinical trials are essential to validate these findings and optimize the use of curcumin in personalized medicine approaches for age-related conditions.

Students' and graduates' perceptions on problem-based learning in nursing undergraduate education. / Perspectivas de estudantes e egressos sobre a aprendizagem baseada em problemas na formação de enfermeiros.

This study aimed to analyze students' and graduates' perceptions regarding the use of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in nurse education. This is a qualitative study that employs the comprehensive and interpretative approach proposed by Dialectical Hermeneutics. Four focus groups were conducted with the participation of 17 students and 16 graduates from a higher education institution that implements PBL in nurse education. The analysis of results allowed for the identification of five thematic categories: difficulty in adapting to the method; attainment of autonomy in one's own learning; encouragement of clinical reasoning development; enhancement of communication and interpersonal relationships; and integration between theory and practice. It is evident that the use of PBL promotes alignment with the propositions of curriculum guidelines for nurse education by fostering the development of skills and competencies such as autonomy, communication, interpersonal relationships, and clinical reasoning through comprehensive and contextualized practices. However, students encounter challenges with the changes observed when introduced to PBL, which are overcome during the implementation process.

Objetivou-se analisar a percepção de estudantes e egressos sobre a utilização da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP) na formação do enfermeiro. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que utiliza a modalidade compreensiva e interpretativa proposta pela Hermenêutica-Dialética. Realizaram-se quatro grupos focais com a participação de 17 estudantes e 16 egressos de uma instituição de ensino superior que aplica a ABP na formação de enfermeiros. A análise dos resultados permitiu a definição de cinco categorias temáticas: dificuldade de adaptação em relação ao método; conquista de autonomia sobre o próprio aprendizado; incentivo ao desenvolvimento do raciocínio clínico; aprimoramento da comunicação e das relações interpessoais e integração entre teoria e prática. Evidencia-se que a utilização da ABP favorece a aproximação com as proposições das diretrizes curriculares para a formação do enfermeiro por meio do desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências como autonomia, comunicação, relações interpessoais e raciocínio clínico mediante práticas integrais e contextualizadas. Entretanto, os estudantes enfrentam dificuldades com as mudanças observadas ao serem inseridos nela ABP, as quais são superadas no decorrer do processo de implementação.

Metabolic syndrome: experiences in relation to healthcare / Síndrome metabólico: experiencias en relación con el cuidado de la salud / Síndrome metabólica: vivências em relação ao cuidado com a saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to interpret the experiences of people with metabolic syndrome in relation to healthcare. Method: this is qualitative research using Grounded Theory as a method and Symbolic Interactionism as a framework for analysis. It was carried out at a Basic Health Unit in the city of Marília/SP, Brazil, with 24 interviews in three sample groups (patients, family members and healthcare professionals), from February 9, 2022 to January 16, 2023. Results: a total of 734 codes were identified and grouped into categories and subcategories, with the central phenomenon being "(Not) Taking Care of Health", which is characterized as a dualistic process that encompasses both neglect and care. Aspects relating to neglecting health include the categories: "Considering not having health problems"; "Having difficulties understanding and resisting following care"; and "Lack of adherence to treatment". In the aspect of taking care of the health, there are the categories: "Understanding that they have metabolic syndrome"; "Receiving guidance"; and "Counting on support". Conclusion: the experience of people with metabolic syndrome permeates the biological, psychological, social and spiritual spheres, as they deal with their health problems according to the social interaction maintained with themselves and other people. Therefore, meaningful communication and bonding with healthcare team are the main tools for adherence to treatment.

RESUMEN Objetivo: interpretar las experiencias de las personas con síndrome metabólico en relación con la atención sanitaria. Método: investigación cualitativa utilizando la Teoría Fundamentada como método y el Interaccionismo Simbólico como referencia de análisis. Se realizó en una Unidad Básica de Salud de la ciudad de Marília/SP, Brasil, con 24 entrevistas en tres grupos muestra (pacientes, familiares y profesionales de la salud), del 9 de febrero de 2022 al 16 de enero de 2023. Resultados: se identificaron 734 códigos que se agruparon en categorías y subcategorías, siendo el fenómeno central el "(Des) Cuidado con la Salud", que se caracteriza por ser un proceso dualista que abarca tanto el abandono como el cuidado. Los aspectos relacionados con el abandono de la salud incluyen las categorías: "Considerar no tener problemas de salud"; "Tener dificultades para comprender y resistirse a seguir los cuidados"; y "Falta de adherencia al tratamiento". En el aspecto de cuidar su salud, existen las categorías: "Entendiendo que tienen síndrome metabólico"; "Recibir orientación"; y "Confiar en el apoyo". Conclusión: la experiencia de las personas con síndrome metabólico permea los ámbitos biológico, psicológico, social y espiritual, ya que abordan sus problemas de salud de acuerdo con la interacción social que mantienen consigo mismos y con otras personas. Por lo tanto, la comunicación significativa y el vínculo con el equipo de salud son las principales herramientas para la adherencia al tratamiento.

RESUMO Objetivo: interpretar as vivências de pessoas com síndrome metabólica no que se refere ao cuidado com a saúde. Método: pesquisa qualitativa utilizando como método a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e como referencial para análise o Interacionismo Simbólico. Foi realizada em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Marília/SP, Brasil, com 24 entrevistas em três grupos amostrais (pacientes, familiares e profissionais da saúde), no período de nove de fevereiro de 2022 a 16 de janeiro de 2023. Resultados: identificaram-se 734 códigos que foram agrupados, chegando-se às categorias e subcategorias, tendo como fenômeno central "(Des) Cuidando da saúde", que se caracteriza como processo dualista que perpassa tanto pelo descuidando quanto pelo cuidando. Os aspectos referentes ao descuidando da saúde incluem as categorias: "Considerando não ter problemas de saúde"; "Tendo dificuldades de compreensão e resistência para seguir os cuidados"; e "Faltando adesão ao tratamento". No aspecto cuidando da saúde, encontram-se as categorias: "Compreendendo que possuem síndrome metabólica"; "Recebendo orientações"; e "Contando com apoio". Conclusão: a vivência das pessoas com síndrome metabólica perpassa pelas esferas biológica, psicológica, social e espiritual, pois eles lidam com seus problemas de saúde de acordo com a interação social mantida consigo próprio e com as demais pessoas. Portanto, a comunicação significativa e o vínculo com a equipe de saúde são as principais ferramentas de adesão ao tratamento.

Modelo calgary de avaliação familiar: mulheres em situação de violência e revogação de medidas protetivas / Calgary family assessment model: women in situations of violence and revocation of protective measures / Modelo calgary de evaluación familiar: mujeres en situaciones de violencia y revocación de medidas de protección

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as fortalezas e fragilidades das famílias de mulheres em situação de violência que revogaram a medida protetiva de urgência. Método: pesquisa descritiva pautada no Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar, no contexto de uma Delegacia da Mulher em um município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil, realizada entre os meses de setembro e novembro de 2021, com quatro famílias de mulheres que revogaram a medida protetiva. A coleta e análise de dados sobre a estrutura, o desenvolvimento e a funcionalidade familiar foram conduzidos segundo o Modelo Calgary. Resultados: as famílias apresentam similaridades que abrangem aspectos socioeconômicos, baixa escolaridade, uso de álcool, relações familiares conflituosas e transgeracionais que, por suas fragilidades, perpetuam o ciclo de violência. Entretanto, os benefícios sociais, o aporte religioso e de familiares se apresentaram como fortalezas. Conclusão: o Modelo Calgary de Avaliação Familiar proporciona direcionamento à enfermagem para propor planos de cuidados consoantes às complexidades da violência doméstica.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the strengths and weaknesses of the families of women in situations of violence who have had their emergency protective measures revoked. Method: descriptive research based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model, in the context of a Women's Police Station in a municipality in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, carried out between September and November 2021, with four families of women who revoked the protective measure. Family structure, development, and functionality data were collected and analyzed according to the Calgary Model. Results: the families have similarities that include socio-economic aspects, low schooling, alcohol use, conflicting family relationships, and transgenerational relationships that, due to their fragility, perpetuate the cycle of violence. However, the social benefits, religious support, and family members were strengths. Conclusion: The Calgary Family Assessment Model guides nurses in proposing care plans consistent with domestic violence's complexities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer los puntos fuertes y débiles de las familias de las mujeres en situación de violencia a las que se les ha revocado la medida de protección de urgencia. Método: investigación descriptiva basada en el Modelo de Evaluación Familiar de Calgary, en el contexto de una Comisaría de la Mujer de un municipio del interior de São Paulo, Brasil, realizada entre septiembre y noviembre de 2021, con cuatro familias de mujeres a las que se les revocó la medida de protección. Los datos sobre la estructura, el desarrollo y la funcionalidad de la familia se recopilaron y analizaron utilizando el Modelo de Calgary. Resultados: las familias presentan similitudes que incluyen aspectos socioeconómicos, baja escolarización, consumo de alcohol, relaciones familiares conflictivas y relaciones transgeneracionales que, debido a su fragilidad, perpetúan el ciclo de la violencia. Sin embargo, los beneficios sociales, el apoyo religioso y el apoyo de los miembros de la familia fueron puntos fuertes. Conclusión: El modelo de evaluación familiar de Calgary proporciona una guía para que las enfermeras propongan planes de cuidados acordes con las complejidades de la violencia doméstica.

Domestic violence against women: experiences of primary health care professionals / Violencia doméstica contra las mujeres: experiencia de los profesionales de la atención primaria de la salud / Violência doméstica contra as mulheres: vivências dos profissionais da atenção primária a saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze how Primary Health Care professionals experience domestic violence against women. Method: qualitative research, conducted from January to June 2023, through interviews with 20 Primary Health Care professionals, in a medium-sized municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The data obtained were interpreted using the Content Analysis Technique, thematic modality. Results: professionals emphasize the need for a sensitive approach and early identification, expressing feelings of perplexity and powerlessness during care. The impacts of violence are perceived by the victims, families, and society, causing physical, psychological, and social consequences. Challenges include lack of training, fear of reprisals, and lack of institutional support. The limitations faced by women in confronting violence are linked to lack of information, financial and emotional dependence, generating fear and insecurity. Conclusion: professionals experience the complexity of providing health care to women who are victims of domestic violence, and it is inferred that investments in professional training, institutional protection, and the creation of spaces that can support women are necessary to prevent re-victimization.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar cómo los profesionales de Atención Primaria de Salud viven la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres. Método: investigación cualitativa, desarrollada de enero a junio de 2023, a través de entrevistas a 20 profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud, en un Municipio Mediano del interior de São Paulo. Los datos obtenidos fueron interpretados mediante la Técnica de Análisis de Contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: los profesionales enfatizan la necesidad de abordaje sensible e identificación temprana, expresando sentimientos de perplejidad e impotencia durante la prestación de cuidados. Los impactos de la violencia son percibidos por las víctimas, los familiares y la sociedad y provocan consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales. Los desafíos incluyen la falta de capacitación, el miedo a represalias y la falta de apoyo institucional. Las limitaciones que afrontan las mujeres quando se enfrentan con la violencia están vinculadas a la falta de información y a la dependencia financiera y emocional, lo que genera miedo e inseguridad. Conclusión: los profesionales experimentan la complejidad que representa la atención de la salud para las mujeres víctimas de violencia doméstica advirtiéndose la necesidad de inversiones en formación profesional, protección institucional y creación de espacios que puedan acoger a las mujeres y evitar la revictimización.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar como os profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde vivenciam a violência doméstica contra as mulheres. Método: pesquisa Qualitativa, desenvolvida no período de janeiro a junho de 2023, por meio de entrevistas com 20 profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde, em um Município de Médio Porte do Interior Paulista. Os dados obtidos foram interpretados pela Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os profissionais enfatizam a necessidade de abordagem sensível e identificação precoce, expressando sentimentos de perplexidade e impotência durante o atendimento. Os impactos da violência são percebidos pelas vítimas, famílias e sociedade, causando consequências físicas, psicológicas e sociais. Os desafios incluem falta de capacitação, medo de represálias e carência de apoio institucional. As limitações enfrentadas pelas mulheres no confronto com a violência estão ligadas à falta de informação, dependência financeira e emocional, gerando medo e insegurança. Conclusão: os profissionais vivenciam a complexidade que representa o cuidado em saúde às mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica e, depreende-se que são necessários investimentos na capacitação dos profissionais, proteção institucional e criação de espaços, que possam acolher as mulheres, evitando assim a revitimização.

The Cantabria Cohort, a protocol for a population-based cohort in northern Spain.

Cantabria Cohort stems from a research and action initiative lead by researchers from Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital and University of Cantabria, supported by the regional Goverment. Its aim is to identify and follow up a cohort that would provide information to improve the understanding of the etiology and prognosis of different acute and chronic diseases. The Cantabria Cohort will recruit between 40,000-50,000 residents aged 40-69 years at baseline, representing 10-20% of the target population. Currently, more than 30,000 volunteers have been enrolled. All participants will be invited for a re-assessment every three years, while the overall duration is planned for twenty years. The repeated collection of biomaterials combined with broad information from participant questionnaires, medical examinations, actual health system records and other secondary public data sources is a major strength of its design, which will make it possible to address biological pathways of disease development, identify new factors involved in health and disease, design new strategies for disease prevention, and advance precision medicine. It is conceived to allow access to a large number of researchers worldwide to boost collaboration and medical research.

Perception of graduates about the education of Nursing Technicians.

OBJECTIVES: to interpret the perception of graduates from the nursing technician program on the learning process developed during their education. METHODS: a qualitative study was conducted from March to September 2021, based on interviews with 20 graduates from a nursing technician program at a school in the Midwest of São Paulo, using thematic analysis and the NVivo tool. RESULTS: the following themes were identified: traditional teaching methods, active learning strategies, valuing proactivity and experiences in professional practice. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: according to the graduates, the teaching process is essentially based on traditional methods, although there are initiatives to implement active strategies and recognition of the importance of advancing student proactivity and practical experience.

Violência contra a mulher idosa* / Violence against elderly women* / Violencia contra las mujeres mayores*

RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a compreensão de mulheres idosas sobre a violência nesta faixa etária. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa realizada entre novembro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022 com 40 mulheres acima de 60 anos, atendidas na Rede de Atenção Primária a Saúde, em um município de médio porte do interior do estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Os dados obtidos foram analisados à luz da Hermenêutica-Dialética. Resultados: Foram evidenciadas cinco categorias analíticas 1. Entendimento de violência contra a mulher idosa; 2. Fatores que desencadeiam a violência contra a mulher idosa; 3. Sugestões de ações para evitar a violência contra a mulher idosa; 4. Recursos que a mulher idosa vítima de violência pode acessar; 5. Inconformismo com a violência contra a mulher idosa. Considerações Finais: À luz da Hermenêutica-Dialética evidenciou-se uma série de violências percebidas contra a mulher idosa na sociedade, com destaque para a física, desrespeito e abuso financeiro.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the understanding of older women about violence in this age group. Method: Qualitative research carried out between November 2021 and January 2022 with 40 women over 60 years old, attended in the Primary Health Care Network, in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the state of São Paulo - Brazil. The data obtained were analyzed in the light of Hermeneutics-Dialectics. Results: Five analytical categories were identified: 1. Understanding of violence against the elderly woman; 2. Factors that trigger violence against the elderly woman; 3. Suggestions for actions to prevent violence against the elderly woman; 4. Resources that older women who are victims of violence can access; 5. Nonconformity with violence against the elderly woman. Final Considerations: In the light of Hermeneutics-Dialectics, a series of perceived violence against the elderly woman in society was evidenced, with emphasis on physical, disrespect and financial abuse.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la comprensión de las mujeres mayores sobre la violencia en este grupo de edad. Método: Investigación cualitativa realizada entre noviembre de 2021 y enero de 2022 con 40 mujeres mayores de 60 años, atendidas en la Red de Atención Primaria de Salud, en un municipio de tamaño medio del interior del estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Los datos obtenidos fueron analizados a la luz de la Hermenéutica-Dialéctica. Resultados: Se identificaron cinco categorías analíticas: 1. comprensión de la violencia contra las mujeres mayores; 2. factores que desencadenan la violencia contra las mujeres mayores; 3. sugerencias de acciones para prevenir la violencia contra las mujeres mayores; 4. recursos a los que pueden acceder las mujeres mayores víctimas de violencia; 5. disconformidad con la violencia contra las mujeres mayores. Consideraciones Finales: A la luz de la Hermenéutica-Dialéctica, se evidenció una serie de violencias percibidas contra las ancianas en la sociedad, con énfasis en el maltrato físico, la falta de respeto y el abuso financiero.

Subgingival microbiome in periodontal health, gingivitis and different stages of periodontitis.

AIM: To characterize the subgingival microbiome in subjects with different periodontal health statuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional observational study, subgingival samples were harvested from Spanish subjects with different periodontal health statuses, based on the 2018 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Samples were processed using high-throughput sequencing technologies (Illumina MiSeq). Taxa differentially abundant were identified using Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC). α- and ß-diversity metrics were calculated using q2-diversity in QIIME2. The analyses were adjusted for age, gender and smoking status. RESULTS: The identified subgingival microbiome showed statistically significant differences among subjects, categorized into periodontal health, gingivitis and stages I-II and III-IV periodontitis (p < .05). In patients with severe (stages III-IV) periodontitis, the genera Filifactor and Fretibacterium were detected 24 times more frequently than in periodontally healthy subjects. Similarly, the genera Porphyromonas, Prevotella and Tannerella were detected four times more frequently (p < .05). The genera Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Actinobacteria, Bergeyella and Capnocytophaga were significantly associated with healthier periodontal status (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences were detected in the subgingival microbiome among periodontal health, gingivitis and stages I-II or III-IV periodontitis, suggesting overlapping, yet distinguishable microbial profiles.

Neuroinflammation related to the blood-brain barrier and sphingosine-1-phosphate in a pre-clinical model of periodontal diseases and depression in rats.

AIM: To explore the potential mechanisms of neuroinflammation (microglia, blood-brain barrier [BBB] permeability, and the sphingosine-1-phosphate [S1P] pathways) resulting from the association between periodontitis and depression in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This pre-clinical in vivo experimental study used Wistar rats, in which experimental periodontitis (P) was induced by using oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Then, a chronic mild stress (CMS) model was implemented to induce a depressive-like behaviour, resulting in four groups: P with CMS (P+CMS+), P without CMS (P+CMS-), CMS without P (P-CMS+), and control (P-CMS-). After harvesting brain samples, protein/mRNA expression analyses and fluorescence immunohistochemistry were performed in the frontal cortex (FC). Results were analysed by ANOVA. RESULTS: CMS exposure increased the number of microglia (an indicator of neuroinflammation) in the FC. In the combined model (P+CMS+), there was a decrease in the expression of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1 [ZO-1], occludin) and an increase in intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), suggesting a more severe disruption of the BBB. The enzymes and receptors of S1P were also differentially regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Microglia, BBB permeability, and S1P pathways could be relevant mechanisms explaining the association between periodontitis and depression.

Vivências de pessoas com deficiência durante o processo de reabilitação: Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados / Experiences of people with disabilities during their rehabilitation process: Grounded Theory

RESUMO Objetivo construir um modelo teórico representativo da vivência de pessoas com deficiência durante o processo de reabilitação física. Métodos pesquisa qualitativa, pautada no referencial da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Realizou-se entrevista com 28 participantes em três grupos amostrais. Utilizou-se amostragem teórica e circularidade de dados para análise em codificações inicial, focalizada e teórica. Resultados compuseram o fenômeno "Vivenciando o processo de reabilitação" 66 códigos conceituais. Foram condições as categorias: Enfrentando a nova condição e Vivenciando o desafio da reabilitação. Como ação-interação: Encontrando motivação para reabilitação; e, como consequência: Adaptando-se à condição. Conclusão o modelo teórico destaca a necessidade de enfrentamento da condição de deficiência, levando o indivíduo a aprender a lidar com os desafios, reconhecendo a natureza gradual e desafiadora da reabilitação. Contribuição para a prática o modelo teórico inova ao compreender o processo de reabilitação em pessoas com deficiência, enfatizando a importância de enfrentar a nova condição, encontrar motivação e adaptar-se. Destaca ainda o papel crucial da equipe de saúde e do contato com outros que passam pelo mesmo processo. Sua aplicação promete ampliar a eficácia da reabilitação, culminando em uma maior qualidade de vida para os pacientes.

ABSTRACT Objective to construct a theoretical model that can represent the experience of people with disabilities during the physical rehabilitation process. Methods qualitative research, based on the theoretical framework of Grounded Theory. We interviewed 28 participants in three sample groups, using a theoretical sampling and data circularity to analyze initial, focused, and theoretical codings. Results the phenomenon "Experiencing the process of rehabilitation" was formed by 66 conceptual codes. Its conditions were the categories: "Coping with the new condition", "Experiencing the challenge of rehabilitation". Action-interaction: "Finding motivation for rehabilitation"; consequence: "Adapting to the condition". Conclusion the theoretical model highlights the need to cope with the disability, leading the individual to learn how to deal with challenges and to recognize the gradual and challenging nature of rehabilitation. Contributions to practice the theoretical model is innovative for explaining the rehabilitation process in people with disabilities, highlighting the importance of facing the new condition, finding motivation, and adapting. The crucial role of the health team also stands out, as do the relevance of getting in touch with others who have been through the same process. The application of this model is expected to increase rehabilitation efficiency, culminating in higher quality of life for patients.

Perception of graduates about the education of Nursing Technicians / Percepción de egresados sobre la formación del Técnico de Enfermería / Percepção de egressos sobre a formação do Técnico de Enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objectives: to interpret the perception of graduates from the nursing technician program on the learning process developed during their education. Methods: a qualitative study was conducted from March to September 2021, based on interviews with 20 graduates from a nursing technician program at a school in the Midwest of São Paulo, using thematic analysis and the NVivo tool. Results: the following themes were identified: traditional teaching methods, active learning strategies, valuing proactivity and experiences in professional practice. Final Considerations: according to the graduates, the teaching process is essentially based on traditional methods, although there are initiatives to implement active strategies and recognition of the importance of advancing student proactivity and practical experience.

RESUMEN Objetivos: interpretar la percepción de egresados del curso técnico de enfermería sobre el proceso de aprendizaje desarrollado durante su formación. Métodos: estudio cualitativo realizado en el periodo de marzo a septiembre de 2021, a partir de entrevistas con 20 egresados del curso técnico de enfermería de una escuela del Centro-Oeste paulista, mediante el análisis temático, utilizando la herramienta NVivo. Resultados: se identificaron los temas: método tradicional de enseñanza, estrategias activas de aprendizaje, atribución de valor a la proactividad y a las experiencias en la práctica profesional. Consideraciones Finales: para los egresados, el proceso de enseñanza se encuentra esencialmente basado en el método tradicional, aunque existen iniciativas de implantación de estrategias activas y reconocimiento de la importancia de avanzar en la proactividad del estudiante y acercamiento con la práctica.

RESUMO Objetivos: interpretar a percepção de egressos do curso técnico de enfermagem sobre o processo de aprendizagem desenvolvido durante sua formação. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado no período de março a setembro de 2021, a partir de entrevistas com 20 egressos do curso técnico de enfermagem de uma escola do Centro-Oeste paulista, por meio da análise temática, utilizando a ferramenta NVivo. Resultados: foram identificados os temas: método tradicional de ensino, estratégias ativas de aprendizagem, atribuição de valor à proatividade e às vivências na prática profissional. Considerações Finais: para os egressos, o processo de ensino encontra-se essencialmente pautado no método tradicional, embora existam iniciativas de implantação de estratégias ativas e reconhecimento da importância de avançar na proatividade do estudante e aproximação com a prática.

Sentimentos vivenciados pela pessoa idosa em situação de violência / Feelings experienced by the elderly in situation of violence / Feelings experienced by the elderly in situation of violence

Objetivos: compreender os sentimentos vivenciados por pessoas idosas em situação de violência. Método: estudo exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado a partir de entrevistas com 15 pessoas idosas que realizaram a denúncia de violência na Delegacia da Mulher, de uma cidade do interior paulista, entre janeiro e dezembro de 2018. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados por meio da técnica da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: o estudo revelou que a violência contra as pessoas idosas, perpetrada por familiares ou cuidadores, é uma realidade. Contudo, as pessoas idosas enfrentam dificuldades em admitir o ocorrido devido aos laços afetivos ou sanguíneos. Os sentimentos vivenciados por elas após a violência, incluem tristeza, decepção, raiva, injustiça, angústia e revolta. Considerações finais: percebeu-se a ocorrência da violência praticada pelo familiar ou cuidador. No entanto, houve dificuldade, por parte da vítima, em admitir o ocorrido. Há necessidade de abordagens sensíveis e eficazes, incluindo conscientização, capacitação de profissionais e implementação de políticas protetivas.

Objetivos: comprender los sentimientos vividos por personas ancianas en situación de violencia. Método: estudio exploratorio de abordaje cualitativo, realizado a partir de entrevistas con 15 personas mayores que realizaron la denuncia de violencia en la Comisaría de la Mujer, de una ciudad del interior paulista, entre enero y diciembre de 2018. Los datos fueron analizados e interpretados por medio de la técnica del análisis de contenido. Resultados: el estudio reveló que la violencia contra las personas mayores perpetrada por familiares o cuidadores es una realidad. Sin embargo, las personas mayores enfrentan dificultades para admitir lo ocurrido debido a los lazos afectivos o sanguíneos. Los sentimientos que experimentan después de la violencia incluyen tristeza, decepción, ira, injusticia, angustia y rebeldía. Consideraciones finales: se percibió la ocurrencia de la violencia practicada por el familiar o cuidador. Sin embargo, hubo dificultad, por parte de la víctima, en admitir lo ocurrido. Existe la necesidad de enfoques sensibles y eficaces, incluyendo concienciación, capacitación de profesionales e implementación de políticas protectoras.

Objective: to understand the feelings experienced by elderly people in situations of violence. Method: an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, conducted from interviews with 15 elderly people who reported violence in the Women's Police Station, in a city in the interior of São Paulo, between January and December 2018. The data were analyzed and interpreted using the content analysis technique. Results: the study revealed that violence against the elderly perpetrated by family members or caregivers is a reality. However, the elderly face difficulties in admitting what happened due to affective or blood ties. The feelings experienced by them after the violence include sadness, disappointment, anger, injustice, anguish and revolt. Final considerations: the occurrence of violence practiced by the family member or caregiver was noticed. Nevertheless, there was difficulty on the part of the victim in admitting what had happened. There is a need for sensitive and effective approaches, including awareness raising, training of professionals and implementing protective policies.

Experiences of alcohol-dependent elderly: grounded theory.

OBJECTIVE: To interpret the experiences of alcohol-dependent elderly people. METHOD: Qualitative research developed through the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the Grounded Theory in the Straussian version. It was carried out in a small town in the mid-western region of the state of São Paulo. The selection was by theoretical sampling, totaling 25 participants from three sample groups. Semistructured interviews were conducted from March 2019 to January 2020. RESULTS: The phenomenon "Experiencing alcohol dependence in old age", is conditioned by the category "Initiating Alcohol Consumption", are actions/interactions "Justifying alcohol consumption" and "Coping with alcohol treatment and abstinence" whose consequences are "Experiencing the harms of alcohol dependence" and "Expressing feelings". CONCLUSION: It was evidenced that the elderly participants consider alcohol dependence as a way to deal with negative emotions, and, in this trajectory, they experience physical, mental, and social consequences. The elderly in abstinence express feelings of loneliness, regret, and desire for a life with quality, and indicate that behavioral change occurs through treatment and awareness of its harmful effects.

Neurodevelopment Outcome in Children with Fetal Growth Restriction at Six Years of Age: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe neurodevelopment in fetal growth restriction children at the age of six. Secondly, we tried to demonstrate influencing factors that can improve or exacerbate this development, as well as predictive factors that might select a population at risk to assist with early childhood support. METHOD: It was a study of 70 children affected with FGR. FGR was based on these definitions: birth weight below the 3rd percentile or birth weight below the 10th percentile with an abnormal hemodynamic Doppler study. Neurodevelopment was assessed at 6 years old by means of Batelle Development Inventory. A global development quotient under a 100 score was considered a neurodevelopment delay. All variables regarding pregnancy care, delivery episode, postpartum, neonatal care, sociodemographic issues, and the need for support in the first years were studied. RESULTS: The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 33.14 weeks (standard deviation (SD = 4.31), with 32.9% of early-onset diagnoses. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.61 (SD = 3.21), and the cesarean rate was 64.3%. The average age of the children at the moment of the evaluation was 76.20-month-old (SD = 3.70). The mean global development quotient was 97.28 (SD = 13.97). We were able to record a 57.1% of global development delay. In the cases of cognition, only 17.1% of the children registered a delay. Motor and communication skills were the most frequently affected. We discovered that socioeconomic status was positively related to the global development quotient, as well as both gestational age at delivery and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index was positively related to the global development quotient. CONCLUSIONS: We found a higher neurodevelopment delay rate (57.1%). We could relate a higher gestational age at delivery and a higher MCA percentile with better global neurodevelopment quotients.

Mental health promotion and protection actions aimed at the elderly in the context of primary health care: an integrative review. / Ações de promoção e proteção à saúde mental do idoso na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão integrativa.

The increase in the elderly population requires rethinking the organization of society, especially health services. The aim was to analyze actions aimed at promoting and protecting the mental health of the elderly in the context of primary health care, through an integrative review. The databases used were: Lilacs, Scopus, IBECS, Medline, CINAHL, BDENF and Index Psicologia. The descriptors used were "elderly", "health promotion", "mental health" and "primary health care". The final sample included 15 articles. The results indicate that group actions contribute to the reduction of depressive symptoms; health education in the perspective of active learning, aiming at health literacy and memory workshop strengthening spaces for socialization. Matrix support is highlighted as an indispensable tool for new mental health practices. We conclude that the moment is right for expanding the scope of actions offered to the elderly in psychological distress. Efforts have been detected in the production of care aiming at integrality, which is still incipient.

O aumento da população de idosos exige repensar a organização da sociedade, especialmente os serviços de saúde. Por meio de revisão integrativa, o objetivo foi analisar ações de promoção e proteção à saúde mental do idoso no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. As bases de dados foram: LILACS, Scopus, IBECS, Medline, CINAHL, BDENF e Index Psicologia. Os descritores foram "idoso", "promoção da saúde", "saúde mental" e "atenção primária à saúde". A amostra final foi constituída por 15 artigos. Os resultados apontam ações em grupo contribuindo para a redução de sintomas depressivos, educação em saúde na perspectiva da aprendizagem ativa, visando à alfabetização em saúde, e oficina de memória, fortalecendo espaços de socialização. Ressalta-se o apoio matricial como ferramenta indispensável a novas práticas em saúde mental. Conclui-se que o momento é de ampliação do escopo de ações oferecidas aos idosos em sofrimento psíquico. Detectam-se esforços para a produção do cuidado na direção da integralidade, mas ainda incipientes.

Ações de promoção e proteção à saúde mental do idoso na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão integrativa / Mental health promotion and protection actions aimed at the elderly in the context of primary health care: an integrative review

Resumo O aumento da população de idosos exige repensar a organização da sociedade, especialmente os serviços de saúde. Por meio de revisão integrativa, o objetivo foi analisar ações de promoção e proteção à saúde mental do idoso no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. As bases de dados foram: LILACS, Scopus, IBECS, Medline, CINAHL, BDENF e Index Psicologia. Os descritores foram "idoso", "promoção da saúde", "saúde mental" e "atenção primária à saúde". A amostra final foi constituída por 15 artigos. Os resultados apontam ações em grupo contribuindo para a redução de sintomas depressivos, educação em saúde na perspectiva da aprendizagem ativa, visando à alfabetização em saúde, e oficina de memória, fortalecendo espaços de socialização. Ressalta-se o apoio matricial como ferramenta indispensável a novas práticas em saúde mental. Conclui-se que o momento é de ampliação do escopo de ações oferecidas aos idosos em sofrimento psíquico. Detectam-se esforços para a produção do cuidado na direção da integralidade, mas ainda incipientes.

Abstract The increase in the elderly population requires rethinking the organization of society, especially health services. The aim was to analyze actions aimed at promoting and protecting the mental health of the elderly in the context of primary health care, through an integrative review. The databases used were: Lilacs, Scopus, IBECS, Medline, CINAHL, BDENF and Index Psicologia. The descriptors used were "elderly", "health promotion", "mental health" and "primary health care". The final sample included 15 articles. The results indicate that group actions contribute to the reduction of depressive symptoms; health education in the perspective of active learning, aiming at health literacy and memory workshop strengthening spaces for socialization. Matrix support is highlighted as an indispensable tool for new mental health practices. We conclude that the moment is right for expanding the scope of actions offered to the elderly in psychological distress. Efforts have been detected in the production of care aiming at integrality, which is still incipient.

Adjunctive efficacy of systemic metronidazole in the surgical treatment of periodontitis: a double-blind parallel randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological impact of adjunctive metronidazole to periodontal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systemically healthy patients, with stages III-IV, grades B-C periodontitis, were randomly assigned to receive metronidazole or placebo adjunctive to periodontal surgery, after subgingival instrumentation. Clinical variables were recorded at the initial visit, 6 weeks after subgingival instrumentation, and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Microbiological samples were taken at initial and final visits and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Our results showed no statistically significant differences in the reduction of probing depth between the initial and final (1 year) visits in the two treatment groups. Additionally, no statistically significant differences were observed between study groups when comparing the post-subgingival instrumentation and final visits. However, 3 months after surgery, probing depth (mean difference, MD = 0.31 mm, 95% confidence interval, CI [0.13; 0.49]; p = 0.001) and clinical attachment level (MD = 0.64 mm, 95% CI [0.02; 1.27]; p = 0.044) were significantly lower in the test group. CONCLUSIONS: The adjunctive use of systemic metronidazole to periodontal surgery has a limited clinical and microbiological impact in the present study, and therefore, its use is not recommended. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There are no studies that have evaluated the clinical and microbiological impact of the adjunctive use of systemic metronidazole to periodontal surgery (step 3 of periodontal therapy). The results of the present study do not support the adjunctive use of systemic metronidazole to periodontal surgery.

Elderly victims of violence: family assessment through the Calgary model.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the structure, development, and functionality of the family of the elderly victim of violence. METHOD: Descriptive research with a qualitative approach, based on the Calgary Family Assessment Model. Four elderly people who suffered violence and their family members were assessed at home, from October to November 2019. Data analysis was based on the genogram and ecomap, as proposed in the model. RESULTS: It was found that the members of the four families had low schooling and financial difficulties. As for the social support network, the neighbors, the health unit and the Church stood out. The members of each family nucleus expressed feelings of fear, insecurity, anger, nervousness, sadness and impotence, resulting from the conflict between the couple. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In the assessed families, weaknesses and potentialities in the structure, development and functioning are highlighted, which must be considered in the elaboration of the care plan.

Perfil de mulheres climatéricas em Estratégia de Saúde da Família no interior paulista / Health profile of climacteric women from the Family Health Strategy in the countryside of the state of São Paulo

Introdução: o climatério pode ser influenciado por mudanças psicossociais simultâneas, que associadas às alterações hormonais, como o hipoestrogenismo e a diminuição dos níveis de progesterona, podem intensificar os sintomas e agravos na mulher. Objetivo: identificar os perfis sociodemográficos, obstétricos, ginecológicos, de saúde e hábitos de vida das mulheres climatéricas atendidas na rede básica de saúde, por meio da aplicação de questionário, escalas de Hamilton de Ansiedade e Depressão, e Índice Menopausal de Kupperman e Blatt. Material e Método: estudo transversal descritivo exploratório de relato de experiência, desenvolvido por graduandas em Medicina e Enfermagem. As participantes apresentam idade entre 45 e 60 anos, atendidas em quatro unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Resultados: participaram 41 mulheres, com idade média de 52,3 anos. Prevaleceram brancas, casadas, com filhos, ensino médio completo, sem plano de saúde, escore de depressão leve, índice menopausal leve, ansiedade normal e uso regular de medicamentos. Conclusão: as mulheres climatéricas necessitam de um espaço para verbalizar seus sentimentos e dúvidas em relação ao climatério e ter acesso à escuta atenta por profissionais capacitados, visando o atendimento integral de saúde com resolutividade.

Introduction: climacteric can be influenced by simultaneous psychosocial changes, which associated with hormonal changes, such as hypoestrogenism and decreased progesterone levels, can intensify symptoms and health problems in women. Objective: to identify the health profile of climacteric women in primary care regarding their obstetrics, gynecological, social, and demographic aspects, and their lifestyle as well, through a questionnaire and the application of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Depression Scale, and the Blatt-Kupperman Menopausal Index. Materials and Methods: it is an exploratory-descriptive cross-sectional study presented as an experience report, developed by medical and nursing students. The participants had 45 to 60 years-old and visited four units of the Family Health Strategy. Results: 41 women participated in the research, with an average age of 52.3-year-old. The majority were white, married, high school graduates, with no health insurance; had children, normal anxiety levels, mild depression, mild menopausal index, and reported regular use of medication. Conclusion: the climacteric women need some time to verbalize their feelings and doubts about the climacteric to trained professionals, aiming for a resolutive and comprehensive health care.