[Clinical, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of chronic hepatitis with various etiology]. / Klinicheskie, biokhimicheskie i morfologicheskie osobennosti khronicheskikh gepatitov razlichnoi étiologii.

AIM: To investigate clinicomorphological features in patients with chronic diffuse lesions of the liver with consideration of the etiological factor. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical, laboratory, serological and pathohistological examinations were performed in 67 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH). RESULTS: Out of 48 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH), 32(66.6%) demonstrated association of hepatic lesion with alcohol or drug abuse. Knodell activity in the liver was prevalent in drug abusers with CVH. Fat dystrophy and high de Ritis index were typical for alcoholics. CONCLUSION: Viral hepatic lesions associated neither with alcohol nor drug abuse occur only in 1/3 of patients with CH.

[Chronic hepatitis: indicators of disease activity]. / Pokazateli aktivnosti protsessa pri khronicheskom gepatite.

AIM: To assess correlations between activity of chronic hepatitis (CH) by morphological data on the liver and alaninaminotransferase (AlAT) serum levels in patients with viral and alcoholic liver lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serological, biochemical blood tests and histology of hepatic biopsy were made in 47 patients with chronic hepatitis. RESULTS: The Knodell index characterizing the activity of chronic hepatitis by morphological evidence correlated with AlAT activity in the serum. Normal values may be associated with 1 to 5 scores by the Knodell index. AsAT/AlAT was higher in patients with CH free of virus markers. CONCLUSION: Morphological data (Knodell's index), AlAT activity and AsAT/AlAT indicate CH activity. AsAT/AlAT may help in elucidation of the presence or absence of alcohol abuse.

[Endoscopic and histological changes in the mucosa of the gastric stump in Helicobacter pylori infection]. / Endoskopicheskie i gistologicheskie izmeneniia slizistoi obolozhki kul'ti zheludka pri infitsirovanii Helicobacter pylori.

Under investigation there were 50 patients with resected stomach at different terms after operations: 37 patients after subtotal resection of the stomach for cancer and 13 patients after resection of 2/3 of the stomach for ulcer disease. The overwhelming majority of the patients with the resected stomach had chronic gastritis of the stump diagnosed endoscopically and histologically. No reliable difference of the endoscopic and histological indices of the state of the gastric stump mucosa was found in relation to the disease which was the cause of resection and to the time since the operation. The presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric stump mucosa was found in 37 of 50 examined patients (74%). In the group of patients with Helicobacter pylori in the gastric stump mucosa there were no reliable differences in endoscopic findings but changes in the histological picture were found significantly more often independent of the disease which caused the resection. Atrophic alterations in the gastric stump mucosa after resection in patients with Helicobacter pylori develop in patients of younger age and in earlier terms after operation.

[Gastroesophageal reflux combined with Helicobacter pylori infection]. / Gastroézofageal'naia refliuksnaia bolezn' v sochetanii s infitsirovaniem piloricheskim khelikobakterom.

AIM: Investigation of the role of Helicobacter pylori infection of the low esophagus in patients with duodenal ulcer (DU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Endoscopic examination was performed in 40 DU patients. All the biopsies were examined for Helicobacter pylori and degree of relevant contamination. RESULTS: Helicobacter pylori was present in all the patients' antral stomachs. It contaminated the low part of the esophagus in 17 of 40 patients. Endoscopic changes were more severe in those patients who had the infection both in the stomach and in the esophagus. CONCLUSION: The presence of Helicobacter pylori in the lower esophagus and antral stomach in DU patients may entail negative changes in the stomach and esophagus.

[A new approach to the antibacterial therapy of chronic antral gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori]. / Novyi podkhod k antibakterial'noi terapii khronicheskogo antral'nogo gastrita, assotsiirovannogo s Helicobacter pylori.

The authors proposed an original method of treatment for antral gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori and combined with duodenal ulcer. The principle of the method consists in a successive gastric lavage with alkaline and antibacterial (metronidazole) solutions twice a week for a fortnight. Three groups of patients were under observation (37 examinees with chronic antral gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori and combined with duodenal ulcer). Ten persons who were enlisted into the first group were treated with the lavage only, the second group persons (n = 12) were treated with lavages and histodyl in a dose of 400 mg per night, the third group (n = 15) were orally treated with metronidazole (0.25 g three times a day) for 15 days. A total elimination of Helicobacter pylori was observed in the half of the first group, 2/3 of the second and in 1/3 of the third group. Epithelialization of duodenal ulcers was observed in all those enlisted in the first and second group. Cicatrization of ulcers was observed in half of the patients from the third group.

[The effect of free blood histamine on the gastric acid-forming function in peptic ulcer patients]. / Vliianie svobodnogo gistamina krovi na kislotoobrazuiushchuiu funktsiiu zheludka u bol'nykh iazvennoi bolezn'iu.

The authors report data on the changes of the level of free histamine in the blood serum before and after its parenteral administration in a control group and in patients with duodenal ulcer. Data are compared of the content of free histamine in the blood serum with basal acid production, "histamine" acid production.

[Diagnosis of Campylobacter infection in patients with diseases of the stomach and duodenum]. / Diagnostika kampilobakternoi infektsii u bo'lnykh s zabolevaniiami zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

The method of C. pylori diagnosis proposed by the authors proved more informative that histological detection of the infection. The technique employs evaluation of urease activity in gastric contents. Upon comparison of the two diagnostic modalities in 30 patients with chronic gastroduodenitis and peptic ulcer there was no definite correlation in their results. It was noted that C. pylori invasion produced negligible characteristic symptoms in gastroduodenal affections.

[Effectiveness of peptoran (ranitidine) in peptic ulcer according to the results of a study on intracavitary protein hydrolysis in the upper digestive tract]. / Effektivnost' peptorana (ranitidina) pri iazvennoi bolezni po rezul'tatam issledovaniia vnutripolostnogo gidroliza belka v verkhnikh otdelakh pishchevaritel'nogo trakta.

The efficacy of peptoran use was studied in 35 patients with peptic ulcer localized in the duodenal bulb on the basis of the results of clinical and endoscopic investigations. Proteolytic activity in the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, and peptoran influence on it were studied. Clinical signs of exacerbation disappeared 5 days after the drug administration. According to the results of repeated endoscopy ulcer cicatrization was observed in 31 of 35 patients after 2-week drug administration. A significant decrease in intragastric proteolysis was established, the number of patients with intraesophageal proteolytic activity was decreased 3-fold; intraduodenal proteolytic activity under the influence of peptoran was unchanged. Peptoran produced no effect on the expression of duodenogastric and gastroesophageal refluxes.