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One of the biggest controversies in current orthodontics is determining the appliance to use, since today patients seek better results in shorter times, in addition to putting aesthetics first. OBJECTIVE: compare the benefits and disadvantages that arise when using fixed orthodontic appliances and transparent aligners. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An investigation and compilation of specialized bibliographic information on the topic was carried out in scientific search engines such as PubMed, SciElo and Web of Science between the years 1991 to 2023, focused on research work related to the effects of the use of orthodontic appliances. fixed compared to clear aligners. RESULTS: The review was carried out based on 53 articles found that met the selection criteria. CONCLUSION: Fixed orthodontic appliances are better in complex cases, they are more precise and less likely to relapse; Transparent aligners are more aesthetic, hygiene is more affective and the bone density of the mandibular condyle decreases.
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Introducción: la pandemia COVID-19 ha afectado la práctica odontológica por el alto riesgo de contagio durante su ejercicio. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de ansiedad, sentimientos manifestados y medidas adoptadas en la atención clínica por el odontólogo durante la pandemia COVID-19 en Lima Metropolitana-Perú. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal realizado en 386 odontólogos de Lima Metropolitana-Perú en los primeros meses del 2021. El nivel de ansiedad se midió a través del: Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Se confeccionó y validó un cuestionario para medir los sentimientos y medidas adoptadas, que fue enviado a través de distintas redes sociales. Resultados: los niveles de ansiedad leve y moderada se presentaron en el 42,5% y 21,2% respectivamente, presentándose mayores niveles de severidad en las mujeres (p<0,001). A mayor edad y número de años de experiencia profesional el nivel de ansiedad fue menor (Rho=-0,132; p=0,009) y (Rho=-0,129, p=0,011). Los sentimientos experimentados aumentaron a medida que el nivel de ansiedad fue mayor p<0,001. El 97,7% manifestó haber modificado el uso de equipos de protección personal como el uso de mascarillas respiratorias tipo N95 y el protector facial, y el 48,7% reveló haber tenido alguna dificultad para obtenerlo. La medida más utilizada en la atención clínica fue el lavado de manos antes y después de cada atención (92,7%) y el uso de luz ultravioleta (42,5%) fue la menos utilizada. Conclusiones: los odontólogos han cambiado el protocolo de atención, manifestando diferentes niveles de ansiedad acompañados de sentimientos negativos durante la pandemia COVID-19.
Introduction: the COVID-19 pandemic has affected dental practice, due to the high risk of contagion during its practice. The objective of the study was to evaluate the level of anxiety; emotions and measures taken by dentists during COVID-19 pandemic in Lima Metropolitana-Peru. Methods: the study was descriptive, prospective, and cross-sectional carried out in 386 dentists practicing in Lima Metropolitan-Peru during the first months of 2021. Level of anxiety was assessed by "Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item" (GAD-7) scale. A questionnaire was developed and validated to evaluate emotions and measures taken and was sent through different social networks. Results: mild and moderate anxiety were present in 42.5% and 21.2% respectively, with higher levels of severity in women (p<0.001). The higher the age and number of years of professional experience, the level of anxiety was lower (Rho=-0.132; p=0.009) and (Rho=-0.129, p=0.011). The emotions increased as the level of anxiety was higher p<0.001. 97.7% stated that they had modified the use of personal protective equipment such as the use of N95-type respiratory masks and face shields, and 48.7% revealed that they had some difficulty in obtaining it. The most used measure in clinical practice was hand washing before and after treatment (92.7%), while the use of ultraviolet light (42.5%) was the least used. Conclusions: dentists have changed care protocol, manifesting different levels of anxiety accompanied by negative emotions during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Abstract The objective of this study is to determine the impact of oral conditions on the quality of life related to the oral health of preschool children in a rural and urban area of Cusco. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional, from a population of 179 preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years, from two public early childhood education institutions, and their respective parents or caregivers in the department of Cusco, Peru. We worked with the entire population that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, seventy-four preschool children were selected for each area, deciding to have the same amount of children per group based on the smallest group. A clinical odonto-stomatological examination was carried out for oral conditions (dental caries, malocclusion, and dental trauma) according to the WHO's criteria and a survey that was used for sociodemographic characteristics. In addition, a validated Peruvian version of the ECOHIS questionnaire was used to obtain data on the impact on quality of life. All the variables of the total and individual scores of the ECOHIS domains were analyzed individually and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine the association between variables. The oral conditions prevalence in preschool children in rural areas referring to dental caries was 100% (dmft index > 6), dental trauma 10.8%, and malocclusions 60.8%; for the urban area dental caries was 93.2% (dmft index > 6), dental trauma 9.5% and malocclusions 36.5%. Of the three oral conditions only the experience of dental caries was related to the OHRQOL of preschoolers in urban and rural areas.
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio es determinar el impacto de las alteraciones bucales en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud bucal de niños preescolares de una zona rural y urbana de Cusco. El estudio fue descriptivo y transversal, de una población de 179 preescolares de 3 a 5 años de edad, de dos instituciones públicas de educación inicial, y sus respectivos padres o cuidadores en el departamento de Cusco, Perú. Se trabajó con toda la población que cumplió con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron setenta y cuatro niños preescolares por cada área, decidiendo tener la misma cantidad de niños por grupo en base al grupo más pequeño. Se realizó un examen clínico odonto-estomatológico para detectar alteraciones bucales (caries dental, maloclusión y trauma dental) según los criterios de la OMS y una encuesta que se utilizó para las características sociodemográficas. Además, se utilizó una versión peruana validada del cuestionario ECOHIS para obtener datos sobre el impacto en la calidad de vida. Todas las variables de los puntajes totales e individuales de los dominios ECOHIS fueron analizadas individualmente y se utilizó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para determinar la asociación entre variables. La prevalencia de alteraciones bucales en niños preescolares de zonas rurales referida a caries dental fue del 100% (índice dmft > 6), traumatismo dental 10,8% y maloclusiones 60,8%; para la zona urbana la caries dental fue del 93,2% (índice dmft > 6), el traumatismo dental 9,5% y las maloclusiones 36,5%. De las tres alteraciones bucales, sólo la experiencia de caries dental se relacionó con la OHRQOL de los preescolares de las zonas urbana y rural.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Cuidado da Criança , Saúde da População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde Bucal , Peru , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Cárie Dentária , Má Oclusão/epidemiologiaRESUMO
La implementación de herramientas tecnológicas en la educación odontológica a lo largo de los años ha permitido al estudiante mejorar su desempeño en el ámbito preclínico de su formación, desarrollando habilidades motoras finas; en la actualidad este tema cobra relevancia debido a la coyuntura de salubridad del COVID-19. El objetivo de esta revisión fue describir la digitalización en la formación odontológica, las herramientas tecnológicas que se emplean y la percepción de estudiantes frente a la educación digital en Odontología. Se realizó una revisión electrónica en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, LILACS y ScienceDirect, en búsqueda de artículos publicados en inglés y español en el periodo 2015 al 2022. Se revisaron 156 artículos seleccionándose 50 directamente relacionados al tema de estudio. Se concluye que existen diversas herramientas digitales que pueden utilizarse en la formación de profesionales en Odontología; además, el aprendizaje mixto genera mejores resultados que el aprendizaje tradicional, y el aprendizaje en on-line, que fue utilizado durante el confinamiento por la pandemia de la COVID-19, demostró un alto grado de insatisfacción en los estudiantes.
The implementation of technological tools in dental education over the years has allowed the student to improve their performance in the preclinical field of their training, developing fine motor skills, currently this issue has become relevant due to the health situation of COVID-19. The objective was to describe digitalization in dental training, the technological tools used and the students´ perception of digital education in dentistry. An electronic review of the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and ScienceDirect databases was carry out in search of articles published in English and Spanish in the period 2015 to 2022. One hundred fifty-six articles were reviewed, selecting 50 directly related to the subject of study. It is concluded that there are various digital tools that can be used in the training of professionals in dentistry; furthermore, exclusive online learning generates better results than traditional learning; and exclusive online learning, which was used during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, demonstrated a high degree of student dissatisfaction.
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BACKGROUND: Surveys are a widely used research method in dentistry in different specialities. The study aimed to determine the quality of survey-based research reports published in dentistry journals from 2015 to 2019. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive research study was conducted. The report quality assessment was carried out through the SURGE guideline modified by Turk et al. Four journals indexed in the Web of Science were selected: BMC Oral Health, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Journal of Dental Education, and Journal of Applied Oral Science. The selection of articles was made using the PubMed database considering the following search words: questionnaire OR survey, two trained reviewers applied the guideline to the selected articles, and the controversies were solved by discussion and consensus. RESULTS: A total of 881 articles were identified, of which 99 met the selection criteria and were included in the study. The best-reported items (n = 99) were four: the two that described the introduction of a study, the results reflecting and concerning the study objectives, and the review by an ethics committee. Five items were poorly reported: to declare the incentives to study participants (n = 93), three items on the description of statistical analyses (n = 99, 99, and 94), and information on how nonrespondents differed from respondents (n = 92). CONCLUSIONS: There is a moderate quality of reporting of all aspects that should be considered in survey-based studies in dentistry journals. Poorly reported criteria were found mainly in the statistical analysis.
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Assistência Odontológica , Projetos de Pesquisa , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Bases de Dados FactuaisRESUMO
Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir las características de los pacientes con trastornos del neurodesarrollo, específicamente el trastorno del espectro autista y el trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad, y relacionarlo con el tipo de abordaje odontológico que requiere este paciente, además de describir las estrategias de educación que se pueden ofrecer al paciente y a los padres para promover el cuidado de la salud bucal como parte de la salud general. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica donde se analizaron artículos ubicados en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS y Google Académico. Se concluye que los trastornos del neurodesarrollo pueden aumentar el riesgo de padecer de la enfermedad caries dental y otras enfermedades bucales en el paciente pediátrico, por lo que se debería aumentar y mejorar las medidas preventivas, además de realizar un monitoreo a los padres respecto al cuidado que tienen en la salud bucal de estos pacientes. El conocimiento y la aplicación de las correctas técnicas de manejo de la conducta puede permitir al odontólogo una atención más efectiva y adecuada de estos pacientes.
Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever as características de pacientes com transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento, especificamente transtorno do espectro autista e transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, e relacioná-los com o tipo de abordagem odontológica que esse paciente necessita, além de descrever as estratégias educativas que podem ser oferecidas ao paciente e aos pais para promover os cuidados de saúde bucal como parte da saúde geral. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica onde foram analisados artigos nas bases de dados: PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, LILACS e Google Acadêmico. Conclui-se que os transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento podem aumentar o risco de cárie dentária e outras doenças bucais em pacientes pediátricos, portanto medidas preventivas devem ser aumentadas e aprimoradas, além do acompanhamento dos pais quanto aos cuidados que têm na saúde bucal desses pacientes. O conhecimento e a aplicação das técnicas corretas de manejo do comportamento podem permitir que o cirurgião-dentista preste um atendimento mais eficaz e adequado a esses pacientes.
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Sign language is the main means of communication for deaf people; consists of the combination of manual, body and facial movements with specific meanings. Among the main barriers faced by this community are the lack of communication, shortage of health services, added to the inexperience and lack of knowledge of sign language by the health professional. This article aims to raise awareness of the importance and need of sign language in dental clinical care and professional training, as well as strategies, tools and recommendations for better care for deaf people. Databases such as SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect were included during the years 2007 and 2021 It was concluded that the main barriers during communication are the little knowledge of sign language in dentists, the little access to interpreters and difficulties in obtaining appointments; affecting the susceptibility to develop oral diseases. The inclusion of sign language courses within the university curriculum provides academic and professional ethics benefits; however, follow-up is necessary to confirm compliance with the requested parameters. Among the main tools and strategies, the use of educational videos, the accompaniment of interpreters and, in view of technological development, the use of mobile applications, can facilitate communication. Likewise, a set of recommendations is proposed for the approach of adult and child deaf patients.
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This study aimed to determine the general labor well-being of Latin American dentists according to sociodemographic characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a final sample of 2214 participants from 11 countries. A validated online questionnaire on general work well-being was used (data collection period from 1 June to 10 July 2021), containing two dimensions: psychosocial well-being and collateral effects. The sociodemographic characteristics of the dentists and their perception of the economic impact of the pandemic were also recorded. A multivariate linear regression analysis was performed (hierarchical regression model) to evaluate the joint effect of the explanatory variables on labor well-being and the changes in the variance between each model. A score of psychosocial well-being of 233.6 + 40.2 and collateral effects of 45 + 20.1 was found. Psychosocial well-being was associated with sex, country of origin, academic training achieved, type of dental activity, and perceived impact during the pandemic (p < 0.05). Somatization was frequently manifested through back pain (88.2%) and muscular tensions (87.2%). Women, those who worked 41 or more hours and had between 1 to 15 years of professional experience presented a greater collateral effect (p < 0.001). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic a year and a half after it began on the labor well-being of Latin American dentists was evidenced with important interactions with social characteristics.
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COVID-19 , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Odontólogos , Feminino , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiologia , PandemiasRESUMO
Resumen Objetivos: Comparar los protocolos de bioseguridad de nueve países de América Latina, los cambios dados en las medidas de bioseguridad bajo el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19 y su impacto en la Odontología. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica empleándose las palabras clave ¨coronavirus¨,¨odontología¨, ¨bioseguridad¨, ¨COVID-19¨, ¨pandemia¨, ¨atención odontológica¨ y ¨protocolos¨, se buscaron artículos relacionados con bioseguridad mediante la categoría COVID-19 que fueron publicados entre enero y diciembre del 2020 en las bases de datos SciELO, Redalyc, SCOPUS, el Portal Regional de la Biblioteca Virtual de la Salud (BVS), páginas oficiales de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y ministerios de salud de países de América Latina. Conclusiones: No se encuentra gran diferencia entre los protocolos de bioseguridad de cada país, a excepción de algunas medidas específicas que son dadas de acuerdo a su propio contexto. Se obtiene que el impacto del COVID-19 en el ámbito económico y emocional sería desfavorable.
Resumo Objetivos: Comparar os protocolos de biossegurança de nove países de América Latina, as mudanças dadas nas medidas de biossegurança baixo o contexto da pandemia COVID-19 e seu impacto na odontologia. Metodologia: Se realizou uma pesquisa bibliográfica se empregando as palavras clave "coronavírus", "odontologia", "biossegurança", "COVID-19", "pandemia", "atenção odontológica" e "protocolos", procuraram se artículos relacionados com biossegurança mediante a categoria COVID-19 que foram publicados entre janeiro e dezembro do 2020 nas bases de dados SciELO, Redalyc, SCOPUS, o Portal Regional da Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde (BVS), paginas oficias da Organização Mundial da Saúde e Ministérios de saúde de países de América Latina. Conclusões: Não se encontra grão diferença entre os protocolos de biossegurança de cada pais, a exceções de algumas medidas especificas que são dadas de acordo a seu próprio contexto. Obtém se que o impacto do COVID-19 no âmbito econômico e emocional seria desfavorável.
Abstract Objectives: To compare the biosafety protocols of nine Latin American countries, the changes in biosafety measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, and their impact on the dental practice. Methodology: A literature search was conducted using the keywords "coronavirus," "dentistry," "biosafety," "COVID-19," "pandemic," "dental care," and "protocols." We searched for articles on biosafety in the "COVID-19" category published between January and December 2020 in SciELO, Redalyc, SCOPUS, the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), and on the official websites of the World Health Organization and the ministries of health of Latin American countries. Conclusions: The biosafety protocols implemented in each country do not differ significantly, except for some specific measures based on a given country's specific context. We found that the economic and emotional impact of COVID-19 was negative.
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Formative research together with scientific teaching production are very early ways of teaching the research process, which implies the research culture that must be established from the undergraduate level, taking into account its purpose, which is the dissemination of knowledge generated through scientific publication, for which it must seek to overcome the main obstacles that faculty scientific production presents. In the Peruvian universities that teach dentistry, formative research has been promoted to strengthen future research in the field of health sciences, being the faculty scientific production of utmost importance for the contribution to the advancement of science and implication of the students with that cause. The aim of this paper is to carry out a review on some aspects of faculty scientific production and formative research in Peruvian dental schools.
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Resumen Esta investigación se centró en revisar los artículos que evaluaron cefalométricamente la posición de hueso hioides, posición lingual y la dimensión de la vía aérea faríngea según maloclusión esquelética, a fin de determinar si existe una relación entre estas estructuras. Método: Se identificaron publicaciones en las bases de datos: PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), Scielo y Scopus. Palabras clave: Hueso hioides, Lengua, Vía aérea, Maloclusión. Se realizó un cribado de los artículos por título, resumen y texto completo, escritos en los idiomas inglés y español. Resultados: Se encontraron 75 artículos; se eliminaron 30, por no tener una relación directa con el tema. Finalmente, se seleccionaron 45 artículos. Se concluye que aún no hay un consenso absoluto, sobre la relación existente entre: la posición del hueso hioides, la lengua y la dimensión de la vía aérea superior; según maloclusión esquelética.
Resumo Esta investigação centrou-se na revisão dos artigos que avaliaram cefalometricamente a posição do osso hióide, a posição linguística e a dimensão da via aérea faríngea de acordo com a maloclusão esquelética, a fim de determinar se existe uma relação entre estes estruturas. Método: As publicações foram identificadas nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scielo e Scopus. Palavras-chave: Osso hióide, Língua, Via aérea, Maloclusão. Os artigos foram analisados por título, resumo e texto completo, escritos em inglês e espanhol. Resultados: Foram encontrados 75 artigos, 30 foram eliminados porque não estavam directamente relacionados com o tema. Finalmente, foram seleccionados 45 artigos. Conclui-se que ainda não existe consenso absoluto sobre a relação entre: a posição do osso hióide, a língua e a dimensão da via aérea superior, de acordo com a maloclusão esquelética.
Abstract This study reviewed the articles that evaluated hyoid bone position, tongue position, and pharyngeal airway dimension according to skeletal malocclusion cephalometrically to determine a connection between these structures. Method: Publications were identified in the following databases: PubMed, Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scielo, and Scopus. Keywords: hyoid bone, tongue, airway, malocclusion. The articles were screened by title, abstract and full text, written in English and Spanish. Results: We found 75 articles; 30 were discarded because they lacked a direct connection with the topic. Finally, 45 articles were selected. There is still no general consensus on the relationship between the position of the hyoid bone, the tongue, and the dimension of the upper airway according to skeletal malocclusion.
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The changes in university education that appeared within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges throughout the world. In the case of dental education, although the implementation of virtual resources had already been tried, a completely virtual approach was a new challenge. The objective of this article is to discuss virtual education in the dental area within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges it represents. In conclusion, for the continuation of dental education in a virtual modality, the strategies most used by many universities are the academic platforms Moodle and for videoconferencing, Google Meet and Zoom. Likewise, the perception of this new modality, both by teachers and students, was mostly good; however, it is emphasized that these methods cannot replace the need for face-to-face activities for students to develop their capacities as future dentists.
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Objetivo: Comparar los niveles enzimáticos de lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH) en la saliva según la condición periodontal. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se incluyeron 40 pacientes entre 23 y 73 años de edad, de una clÃnica especializada en odontologÃa. Hubo 10 pacientes en cada grupo: uno control (periodontalmente sanos) y tres de estudio. Las muestras de saliva no estimulada (2 ml) fueron recogidas en frascos para muestra de esputo, directamente de la boca; se trasladaron a tubos Eppendorf de 2 ml y se centrifugaron a 300 rpm por 10 minutos. Para evaluar la actividad enzimática, fueron colocados en el analizador automático âVitalab Selectra IIâ (vital cientific, Holanda) con el reactivo LDH-P UV AA lÃquido, para muestras de suero o plasma. El dinucleótido de nicotinamida y adenina (NADH) consumido, fue directamente proporcional a la actividad de LDH en la muestra de saliva. Los datos se analizaron con las pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y post hoc de Dunn-Bonferroni. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias significativas en los niveles de LDH entre los pacientes con periodontitis crónica generalizada frente a los periodontalmente sanos y en fase de mantenimiento (p<0,01). También hubo diferencia significativa (p=0,006) entre los valores de LDH de los pacientes con periodontitis crónica localizada y los periodontalmente sanos. Conclusiones: Los niveles enzimáticos de LDH están disminuidos en los pacientes en fase de mantenimiento periodontal respecto a los pacientes con periodontitis crónica generalizada, asà mismo estos valores son muy cercanos a los pacientes periodontalmente sanos y con periodontitis crónica localizada.
Objective: To compare those levels enzyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the saliva according to the condition periodontal. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. It was included 40 patients between 23 and 73 years, of a clinic specializing in dentistry. There were 10 patients in each group: one control (periodontally healthy) and three study. Not stimulated saliva samples (2 ml) were collected in vials for sample of sputum, directly from the mouth; they moved to 2 ml Eppendorf tubes and centrifuged at 300 rpm for 10 minutes. To assess enzymatic activity, they were placed in the automatic Analyzer âVitalab Selectra IIâ (life science, the Netherlands) with reagents LDH-P UV AA liquid for serum or plasma samples. The dinucleotide of NICOTINAMIDE and adenine (NADH) consumed, was directly proportional to the activity of LDH in the saliva samples. The data were analyzed with post hoc Bonferroni-Dunn and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: It was found significant differences in the levels of LDH among patients with generalized chronic periodontitis versus periodontally healthy and in phase of maintenance (p<0.01). Also there was difference significant (p= 0.006) between the values of LDH of them patients with localized chronic periodontitis and the periodontally healthy. Conclusions: Enzyme LDH levels are decreased in patients during periodontal maintenance in respect to patients that have generalized chronic periodontitis, also these values are very close to periodontally healthy patients and localized chronic periodontitis.
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La sección de discusión es el segmento encargado de interpretar y analizar los resultados de un estudio; así como presentar las implicancias prácticas/clínicas de los hallazgos, las limitaciones del estudio y recomendaciones para futuros estudios que busquen mejorar la investigación original. Al igual que los distintos segmentos de un artículo científico, las secciones de discusión, conclusiones y referencias bibliográficas siguen reglas estandarizadas de redacción y publicación científica que deben ser conocidas por los autores. Conocer estas reglas otorgará al autor la oportunidad de facilitar y agilizar el proceso de preparación y publicación de su manuscrito mientras que al lector le permitirá entender con mayor sencillez los datos encontrados en el estudio. En la presente nota científica se resumen las principales recomendaciones y guías para redactar apropiadamente la discusión, conclusiones y referencias bibliográficas de un artículo científico. Palabras clave: Bibliografía; Comunicación y divulgación científica; Escritura médica; Odontología; Publicaciones de divulgación científica
The discussion section is responsible for interpreting and analyzing the results of a study, as well as presenting the practical/clinical implications of the findings, the limitations of the study and recommendations for future studies aimed to improve the original research. As the different segments of a scientific article, the discussion, conclusions and references follow standardized rules of scientific writing and publication that should be known by the authors. These rules will give the author the opportunity to facilitate and expedite the process of preparation and publishing. In the other hand, the reader will be able to understand, in a simple way, the data found in the study. This scientific note summarizes the main recommendations and guidelines for properly writing the discussion, conclusions and references of a scientific article. Keywords: Bibliography; Dentistry; Medical writing; Publications for science diffusion; Scientific communication and diffusion.
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Los datos obtenidos en un estudio se plasman a través de los resultados en un artículo científico. La presentación de los mismos a través de texto, tablas y figuras permite al lector comprender de forma clara, atractiva y precisa lo encontrado por los investigadores. La sección de resultados es quizás el elemento más importante de un artículo original, de esta dependerá la interpretación, discusión, recomendaciones y conclusiones. En algunas oportunidades las implicancias que tengan los resultados modificarán o no la toma de decisiones en un respectivo campo del conocimiento. Conocer las principales consideraciones al momento de redactar este segmento permitirá a los autores comunicar con mayor precisión los datos encontrados. En la presente nota científica se resumen las principales recomendaciones y guías para redactar y diseñar apropiadamente los resultados, tablas y figuras en un artículo científico. Palabras clave: Comunicación y divulgación científica; Escritura médica; Odontología; Publicaciones de divulgación científica; Tablas.
The data found in a study are reflected through the results section in a scientific paper. Their presentation through text, tables and/or figures allows the reader to understand in a clear, attractive and precise way as found by the researchers. The results section is perhaps the most important element of an original article. The interpretation, discussion, recommendations and conclusions will depend on it. On some occasions the implications that have the results, will change or not decisions in a respective field of knowledge. Knowing the main considerations at the time of writing this segment will allow authors to communicate their findings more accurately. This scientific note summarizes the main recommendations and guidelines to write and design properly the results, tables and figures in a scientific article. Keywords: Scientific communication and diffusion; Medical writing; Dentistry; Publi-cations for science diffusion; Tables.
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Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y severidad de caries dental e higiene bucal en niños y adolescentes de aldeas infantiles de Lima. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra fue no probabilística, constituida por 224 niños de 1 a 17 años de edad residentes de tres Aldeas infantiles SOS. La caries dental fue evaluada según los criterios diagnósticos de la OMS y el nivel de higiene oral se midió con el índice de placa blanda de Greene y Vermillion. Resultados: La prevalencia de caries dental en el grupo de 1-4 años fue 36,8% y en los grupos 5-7 años, 11-13 años y 14-17 años, considerando ambas denticiones, fue 67,7, 56,6 y 82,4% respectivamente. La severidad de caries (ceod+CPOD) en los mismos grupos tuvo una media+desviación estándar de 1,16±2,41, 3,48±3,71, 1,66±2,02 y 3,19±2,51 respectivamente. Predominó la higiene bucal mala con valores por encima del 50% en todos los grupos excepto en el de 14-17 años donde fue más frecuente la higiene regular (67,2%). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de caries dental en el grupo evaluado fue alta y la condición de higiene bucal fue mala, por lo que es necesaria la implementación de programas de salud bucal dirigidas a poblaciones de riesgo.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and severity of dental decay and oral hygiene in children and adolescents in Children's Villages of Lima. Materials and methods: Transversal descriptive study. A non-random sample of 224 children aged 1 to 17 who resided in one of three SOS Children's Villages participated in the study. Dental decay was evaluated with the WHO diagnostic criteria, and oral hygiene was measured with the Greene and Vermillion Debris Index. Results: The prevalence of dental decay in the group aged 1-4 was 36.8%, and in the 5-7, 11-13 and 14-17 groups, the prevalence was 67.7%, 56.6% and 82.4%, respectively, considering both dentitions. Caries severity (dmft+DMFT) in the same groups had an average ± standard deviation of 1.16±2.41, 3.48±3.71, 1.66±2.02 and 3.19±2.51, respectively. Fair oral hygiene was predominant in the sample, with a prevalence above 50% in all age groups, with the exception of the 14 to 17 age group, where hygiene proved to be more frequent (67.2%). Conclusions: Results show a significantly high prevalence of dental decay alongside poor oral hygiene, proving that it is necessary to implement oral health programs for at-risk populations