[The prognostic factors of the effectiveness of the stability training in the patients presenting with musculoskeletal system diseases]. / Prognosticheskie faktory éffektivnosti stabilotreninga u patsientov s zabolevaniiami oporno-dvigatel'nogo apparata.

BACKGROUND: One of the main syndromes characteristic of the patients suffering from the diseases of the musculoskeletal system is postural instability. Stability training is a functional method for the restoration of postural balance in the patients presenting with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system. AIM: The objective of the present study was to determine the predictors of the effectiveness of stability training based on biological feedback in the patients with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included a total of 128 patients (104 patients in the main group and 24 ones in the control group) with the following nosological forms: spinal spondylarthrosis, coxarthrosis, gonarthrosis. All the patients underwent a course of the standard rehabilitation treatment the basis of which was constituted by physical therapy. The patients of the main group additionally received stability training based on biological feedback for 10 to 20 minutes daily. RESULT: The prognostic factors of the effectiveness of biological feedback-based stability training in the patients with musculoskeletal system diseases were identified including the age, reactive and personal anxiety indicators using the Spielberger-Hanin anxiety scale, depression indicators based on the Beck depression scale, the indicators of functional independence and daily activity based on the Morse-Fall-Scale scale, visualization data, the results of duplex scanning of brachiocephalic arteries. These factors, in varying degrees, had an impact on the stabilometric parameters used for the purpose of stability training. CONCLUSION: The results of the study give evidence of the beneficial influence of the stability training based on biological feedback on the recovery of the postural functions in the patients presenting with the diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

[The pathogenetic rationale for the application of reflexotherapy in the rehabilitation of the patients presenting with cognitive disorders].

Cognitive disorders (CD) of variable severity are currently one of the leading causes of disability in the patients presenting with vascular and degenerative diseases of the brain; it is especially true of Alzheimer's disease. The discovery of the universal pathogenetic mechanism underlying the development of CD made it possible to explain the known cases of the successful application of acupuncture in the patients with disorders of seemingly different origin. The results of these studies suggest that acupuncture can affect the key pathogenetic "functional circles" involved in the development of CD. The present article is focused on the description of the humoral, neurotransmitter and electrophysiological mechanisms through which the positive effects of acupuncture on the cognitive function of the patients with various diseases are mediated.

[Individual approaches to monitoring and predicting rehabilitation recovery of stroke patients].

UNLABELLED: The article based on the results of our own research shows the importance of the development of objective options for the individual forecast to recovery of stroke patients, and control of the rehabilitation process. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 44 patients with stroke and 35 healthy volunteers as a control group. All patients and healthy volunteers underwent a neurological examination, neurophysiological testing, and extended neuropsychological survey. We evaluated the results of rehabilitation depending on the data obtained in the survey. The study had found that cognitive impairment reaching moderate severity can be regarded as a poor prognostic factor for recovery of hand function. The clear direct relationship was shown between the impaired hand (with decreased strength and agility) and severity of frontal-subcortical dysfunction, and visual-spatial disorders. We found that elongated latent periods of auditory evoked potentials, P300 latency prolongation (beyond the age norm) were inherent mainly for patients with moderate cognitive impairment with postural disorders and high risk of falls. These patients, according to our data, had almost no improvement of motor functions versus patients who had moderate cognitive impairment, in which the parameters of evoked potentials of the brain were within the age norm. CONCLUSION: Evoked potentials of the brain in conjunction with the results of the extended neuropsychological testing may be an objective indicator for prediction and possibly control of the dynamics of recovery of cognitive and motor functions in the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

[Corrective effect of olmesartan on parameters of the local rigidity using the echo-tracking technology].

Purpose of this study was to determine clinical value of intima-media thickness (IMT) and indicators of local stiffness obtained by ultrasonography of the carotid arteries by echo-tracking technology in patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD), and to assess vasoprotective effect of 24-week treatment with olmesartan. We included into the study 22 patients with 1-2 degree hypertension, 25 patients with CAD combined with hypertension, and 44 healthy subjects. In patients with CAD and hypertension local stiffness was reassessed after 24-week treatment with olmesartan (20-40 mg/day). Patients with-hypertension compared with healthy subjects had higher values of loc P sys and loc P dia, P (T1), pulse wave propagation velocity (PWPV), stiffness index, as well as lower compliance and distensibility coefficients (CC and DC). In patients with CAD and hypertension all parameters of local stiffness and IMT were significantly higher, while CC and DC were significantly lower than in control group. Therapy with olmesartan for 24-weeks was associated with reductions of IMT (-4.8%, p < 0.05), loc P sys and loc P dia (-13.5 and -11%, respectively, p < 0.05), stiffness index ß (-19.1%, p < 0.05), loc PWPV (-17%) and P (T1) (-7%, p < 0.05), and increase of CC (3.3%, p < 0.05). Conclusion. Combination of CAD and hypertension worsened the local stiffness and increased IMT. Therapy with olmesartan in this group of patients was associated with indications of vasoprotective effect.

[Cognitive disorders in patients after surgical treatment of intracranial arterial aneurysms].

In the review of the literature the authors analyze the problem of neuropsychological disorders in patients after subarachnoid hemorrhage, particularly that caused by arterial aneurysm rupture. Currently available data on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of cognitive disorders in patients operated on for intracranial aneurysm rupture are presented. Treatment strategies and timing of surgery are analyzed. The basic trends in evaluation and treatment of neuropsychological disorders in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage are noted.

[Cognitive disturbances after the operative treatment of intracranial arterial aneurisms in the acute stage of hemorrhage].

To assess the cognitive impairment in patients operated for intracranial arterial aneurisms rupture and specify factors influencing the formation of aneurisms, 93 patients were followed up. Patients were divided into 2 groups by the period of surgery. Methods of operative treatment were compared. Patients underwent the expand neuropsychological testing, clinical and neurological study, CT, angiography, EEG. The control group consisted of 31 healthy volunteers. All patients had mild and moderate cognitive disturbances in the early post-operative period. The follow-up revealed the more complete rehabilitation of cognitive functions in patients operated in the acute stage of hemorrhage. In the remote post-operative period, the frequency of cognitive dysfunction was higher in patients after endovascular surgery comparing to open surgery. Main and additional risk factors of cognitive impairment in different periods of the operative treatment were specified.

Investigation of the safety of industrial strains of microorganisms and microbial insecticides.

Toxicology-hygienic studies of insecticidal preparations produced on the basis of fungi of the species Beauveria bassiana and bacteria of the species Bac. thuringiensis, recommended for use in plant-growing, were carried out. It has been established that the industrial strains of entomopathogenic microorganisms and insecticidal preparations produced on the basis of these microorganisms are harmless in the epidemiological sense and of low toxicity, but they may have a sensitizing effect on the human organism. On the grounds of results of toxicological experiments and hygienic observations in the field it has been concluded that prophylactic measures in the production and application of microbial insecticides should be aimed at restricting the contact of people with entomopathogenic microorganisms and preparations produced on their basis.

[Effect of phytobacteriomycin, trichotecin, hygromycin B and levoristatin on some rat liver enzymes]. / Vliianie fitobakteriomitsina, trikhotetsina, gigromitsina B i levoristatina na nekotorye fermenty pecheni krys

In experiments with albino rats it was found that after administration of phytobacteriomycin, trichotecin, hygromycin B or levoristatin into the stomach in doses of 1/20 of LD50 activity of the microsomal enzymes of the liver cells significantly changed and the changes persisted within at least 2 weeks. The above antibiotics induced similar changes in the lysosome enzyme, i.e. acid phosphatase, providing an increase in its activity. Changes in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (mytochondria indicator enzyme), glucose-6-phosphatase (ribosome indicator enzyme) and aspartate aminotransferase (cytoplasm indicator enzyme) were different for each antibiotic. It is concluded that the above antibiotics were capable of impairing on intoxication the enzymatic function of various cell microstructures, though the levels of the change direction may be different.