Giant aggressive intra-abdominal desmoid-type fibromatosis - case report.

INTRODUCTION: Aggressive fibromatosis, also known as desmoid tumour (DT), is a locally invasive soft tissue malignancy originating from fascial planes, connective tissue, and musculoaponeurotic structures of the muscles. The symptoms greatly depend on the location and size of the tumour. CASE REPORT: A 68-year-old male patient without any comorbidities with a large, palpable mass in the abdomen underwent computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen during diagnostic examination in September 2017 in another centre. The CT scan revealed a giant intraperitoneal 30×40cm tumour without signs of infiltrating the surrounding organs and large vessels. The tumour biopsy revealed an aggressive DT. The patient was scheduled for tumour resection. Midline laparotomy was performed in the supine position under general anaesthesia. After gaining access to the abdominal cavity, 8 litres of clear ascites were evacuated. The tumour was not attached to the abdominal wall. Large omentum was freed from the DT. The perioperative finding confirmed the CT images of DT encapsulation of the medial colic artery, part of the small intestine, and transverse colon. The tumour was resected with part of the mesenteric radix, 30 cm of small intestine, and 2/3 of the transverse colon. After the DT was removed entirely, the small intestine was re-anastomosed end to end. The abdominal cavity and the liver were carefully checked for bleeding. The abdominal cavity was closed in a standard manner. RESULTS: The postoperative hospital stay was uneventful. The patient was discharged on the 7th postoperative day with prophylactic low weight molecular heparin for one month. Currently, we have five months of follow-up with no signs of DT recurrence based on CT examination. The histology of the resected tumour confirmed the diagnosis of a desmoid tumour (aggressive abdominal fibromatosis). CONCLUSION: Desmoid tumours are benign neoplasms with no metastatic potential. However, their treatment is challenging due to their aggressive growth, infiltrative behaviour, and a high tendency to recur.

Liver transplantation using grafts from donors after circulatory death - the first Czech Republic experience.

INTRODUCTION: Liver transplantation is established as a lifesaving procedure for patients with acute and chronic liver failure, as well as certain selected malignancies. Due to a continuing organ shortage and ever-growing patient waiting lists, donation after cardiac death (DCD) is becoming more frequently utilized in order to close the gap between “supply and demand”. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of DCD and subsequent liver transplantations was performed. RESULTS: From May 2016 to September 2019, a total of 9 DCD liver transplantations were performed in our institution. All cases except one were primary liver transplantations. The recipients comprised 5 (56%) males and 4 (44%) females. The mean DCD donor age was 41±12 (22-57) years, with ventilation duration of 7±1 days and warm ischemia time 19±3 minutes. The average recipient age was 51±22 (4-73) years, with an average cold ischemia 3h:59m±27m and manipulation time of 23±5 minutes. Periprocedural mortality was 1 (11%). Hepatitis C recurrence was documented in 1 (11%) patient. The mean follow-up time was 19±13 (7-37) months. Until now, we have not observed any signs of ischemic cholangiopathy. CONCLUSION: DCD liver transplantation allows us to enlarge the pool of potential liver grafts, thus decreasing the time spent on the liver recipient waiting list. This paper documents the first series of DCD liver transplantations in the Czech Republic.

[Blood loss minimization in liver surgery]. / Minimalizace krevních ztrát v jaterní chirurgii.

INTRODUCTION: Liver procedures may be associated with severe blood loss, requiring administration of blood products. Severe bleeding prolongs resection time and has negative effects on morbidity and mortality rates. Any technique, which would reduce blood loss during resection procedures is beneficial for a patient, as well as for a surgeon. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY: Literature overview of the commonest resection techniques and intraoperative care aimed at blood loss minimization. Assessment of the author's study group of 183 patients, operated during 2004-2008. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the study period, 217 liver resections were performed in 183 subjects. The mortality rate was 2.7%, the morbidity rate 24.6%. In none of the subjects, surgical revision was required for postoperative bleeding. The mean blood loss was 820 ml. When saving surgical techniques and modern devices are used, and high quality intraoperative and postoperative care is provided, the liver resections can be performed with minimum blood loss, resulting in fast reconvalescence and minimal complications.

[Acute massive hemorrhage from the recanalized umbilical vein as a complication of portal hypertension]. / Akutní masivní krvácení z rekanalizované umbilikální zíly jako komplikace portální hypertenze.

Portal hypertension is very often complicated by severe and a life threatening bleeding in GIT in most cases from oesophageal varices. Another complication of PH is dilatation of portosystemic shunts in abdominal wall so-called caput medusae. We describe a case of a man, that was admitted to our surgical department with massive bleeding from recanalisated umbilical vein as complication of portal hypertension. After couple of the recurrence of the haemorrhage and precise diagnosis of the source we have indicated surgical treatment. We cat off the lig. teres hepatis by laparoscopic approach to decrease tension in blood vessels in the abdominal wall. After surgery there were no evidence of rebleeding and the patient was forwarding for monitoring of oesophageal varices in gastroenterological center.