RESUMO
Airway secretions may increase in intubated patients due to the impaired mucociliary clearance, impaired cough reflex, abnormal glottic function, insufficient moisturizing, and respiratory tract infections. As with any intervention, patients should be cautiously monitored for possible complications during the endotracheal suctioning. Procedure-related changes in the cerebral and somatic tissue oxygenation, hemodynamics, and oxygen saturation can be observed in these patients. It is important to ensure maintenance of tissue oxygenation during these and other interventions performed in critically ill children. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the endotracheal suctioning on tissue oxygenation in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the pediatric intensive care unit. Cerebral and somatic near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring were performed noninvasively using standardized NIRS equipment as a means of monitoring regional tissue oxygenation. Vital signs, level of sedation, pain scores, and somatic and cerebral tissue oxygenation values of mechanically ventilated patients were recorded prospectively 5 minutes before, during, and after endotracheal suctioning. Cerebral NIRS measurements did not exhibit any statistically significant changes during endotracheal suctioning. Somatic NIRS levels changed significantly before, during, and after endotracheal suctioning and remained low throughout the procedure. Endotracheal suctioning is an invasive intervention that facilitates clearance of tracheal secretions and maintenance of the oxygenation and ventilation. The maintenance of the tissue oxygenation should be documented during these and other interventions performed on critically ill children. Somatic NIRS is a useful tool for monitoring tissue oxygenation during such procedures.
