RESUMO
Injuries associated with road crashes are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in our country. The causes are varied and involve the person driving, the vehicle and other external factors such as public roads and legislation. However most important injuries can be prevented. A useful tool for this purpose is the Psychological Medical Examination Protocol for Drivers' Health Assessment Centers, which has been updated by a working group coordinated by the General Directorate of Traffic and the General Directorate of Public Health with the participation of experts from the Spanish Society of Traffic Medicine and the collaboration of institutions related to road risk assessment. The new version of the protocol highlights both the assessment of road risk associated with health conditions, and as a novelty, the importance of road safety professional's advice to inform and train citizens on how to prevent risks based on their health situation or health condition. It highlights the need for the Drivers' Health Assessment Centers intervention to focus on prevention, being necessary to accompany psychophysical assessment with road safety advice that allows the driver to be aware of the road safety benefits of the prescribed measures. The objective of this article was to make known not only the psychological medical examination protocol, but also the approach that is given to the preventive intervention of road accidents from the health field.
Las lesiones asociadas a siniestros viales son una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en nuestro país. Las causas son variadas e implican a la persona que conduce, al vehículo y a otros factores externos como las vías públicas y la legislación. Pero lo fundamental es que se pueden prevenir. Una herramienta de utilidad para ello es el Protocolo de exploración médico psicológica para centros de reconocimiento de conductores, el cual ha sido actualizado por un grupo de trabajo coordinado por la Dirección General de Tráfico y la Dirección General de Salud Pública, con la participación de personas expertas de la Sociedad Española de Medicina del Tráfico y la colaboración de instituciones relacionadas con la evaluación del riesgo vial. En él se destaca no solo la valoración del riesgo vial asociado a las condiciones de salud sino también, y como novedad, la importancia del consejo sanitario para informar y formar a la ciudadanía sobre cómo prevenir riesgos en función de su situación o condición de salud. Destaca la necesidad de que la intervención de los centros de reconocimiento de conductores se dirija hacia la prevención, siendo necesario acompañar la valoración psicofísica de un consejo sanitario vial que permita concienciar a la persona conductora acerca del beneficio para la salud vial de las medidas prescritas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue dar a conocer no solo el protocolo de exploración médico psicológica, sino el enfoque que se le da a la intervención preventiva de la siniestralidad vial desde el ámbito sanitario.
Assuntos
Condução de Veículo , Humanos , Acidentes de Trânsito/prevenção & controle , Segurança , Qualidade de Vida , EspanhaRESUMO
The main aim of this international consensus document on obstructive sleep apnea is to provide guidelines based on a critical analysis of the latest literature to help health professionals make the best decisions in the care of adult patients with this disease. The expert working group was formed primarily of 17 scientific societies and 56 specialists from a wide geographical area (including the participation of 4 international societies), an expert in methodology, and a documentalist from the Iberoamerican Cochrane Center. The document consists of a main section containing the most significant innovations and a series of online manuscripts that report the systematic literature searches performed for each section of the international consensus document. This document does not discuss pediatric patients or the management of patients receiving chronic non-invasive mechanical ventilation (these topics will be addressed in separate consensus documents).
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Directive 91/439/EEC marked the start of what the European Economic Community driver's license is going to be like at some time in the future. However, differences currently exist with regard to the driver license eligibility requirements and renewal periods. This study provides the results of the physical and psychotechnical exam conducted on 606 drivers of the following characteristics: both males and females, aged between 45-70, revising the group 1 (B) license, and with a renewal period of less than 5 years. METHODS: Five years later some of these qualified drivers were examined again in order to check changes with regard to previous exam results. Results show that 86.47% were qualified the same; 12.21% were qualified with some restriction and 1.65% was unqualified. RESULTS: By age groups, it was found that the older the applicants, the lower the percentage of those qualified and the higher the percentage of those qualified with some restriction (in the 45-49 age range, 93.19% are qualified, while the percentage qualified in the 65-69 age group is 67.35%). Within five years time, 11.13% of the qualified drivers had made some change in their status (9.98% qualified with some restriction, 1.15% unqualified), significant differences also having been found by age groups (in the 45-49 age group, 6.8% had change in status compared to 18.1% in the 65-69 age group). CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, differences can be said to exist between the different ages and the qualifications obtained to keep a driver's license, and a significant percentage of qualified drivers undergo some change in their eligibility within a minimum five-year period.
