Dianionic and Neutral Diboron-Centered Classical Diradicaloids.

Herein, we report the syntheses and electronic structures of crystalline dianionic as well as neutral diboron-centered classical diradicaloids as boron analogues of classical Thiele, Chichibabin, and Müller (this only for dianionic diradicaloids!) hydrocarbons. These are based on borane radical anion and NHC-stabilized boryl radical spin carriers, respectively. All these dianionic diboron-centered diradicaloids exhibit triplet population at room temperature regardless of the π-conjugated spacer: p-phenylene, p,p'-biphenylene, or p,p″-terphenylene. In the case of neutral diboron-centered diradicaloids, the employed π-conjugated spacer plays a crucial role for the triplet population at room temperature: EPR inactive for p-phenylene vs EPR active for p,p'-biphenylene. The findings emphasize the importance of the spin carriers for the resulting ground-state: borane radical anion vs NHC-stabilized boryl radical along with the pivotal role of the π-conjugated spacer as spin-coupler between two spins. Notably, 100 years (a century) after the first report by Krause of the triphenyl borane radical-anion, being isoelectronic to the triphenylmethyl radical, we convey borane radical anion-based diradicaloids. Furthermore, while donor-stabilized boryl radicals were introduced in the 1980s by Giles and Roberts, said concept is herewith being extended to NHC-stabilized boryl radical-based diradicaloids.

Common Consequences of Uncommon Congenital Heart Disease: Exploring the Trilogy of Fallot With Infective Endocarditis and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis.

Trilogy of Fallot (ToF) is a rare congenital heart disease characterized by a combination of atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy. It is more common in females and can cause symptoms such as cyanosis and breathlessness. ToF can lead to complications like thromboembolic events, including infective endocarditis (IE) and cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). This case study discusses a nine-year-old female with ToF who also had IE and CVT. The patient recovered well following treatment with intravenous beta-lactam and aminoglycoside for IE and subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin for CVT.

Bis-Olefin Based Crystalline Schlenk Hydrocarbon Diradicals with a Triplet Ground State.

A modular approach for the synthesis of isolable crystalline Schlenk hydrocarbon diradicals from m-phenylene bridged electron-rich bis-triazaalkenes as synthons is reported. EPR spectroscopy confirms their diradical nature and triplet electronic structure by revealing a half-field signal. A computational analysis confirms the triplet state to be the ground state. As a proof-of-principle for the modular methodology, the 4,6-dimethyl-m-phenylene was further utilized as a coupling unit between two alkene motifs. The steric conjunction of the 4,6-dimethyl groups substantially twists the substituents at the nonbonding electron bearing centers relative to the central coupling m-phenylene motif. As a result, the spin delocalization is decreased and the exchange coupling between the two unpaired spins, hence, significantly reduced. Notably, 108 years after Schlenk's m-phenylene-bis(diphenylmethyl) synthesis as a diradical, for the first time we were able to isolate its derivative with the same spacer, i.e. m-phenylene, between two radical centers in a crystalline form.

Atypical Kawasaki Disease in a 16-Month-Old Baby: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Kawasaki illness is an inflammatory condition of small- to medium-sized vessels that primarily affects children. It affects the lymph nodes, skin, mucous membranes, and heart, especially the coronary arteries. Patients who lack the comprehensive clinical manifestations of classic Kawasaki disease (KD) are typically evaluated for incomplete KD. Such patients have persistent fever and lack one or more characteristic clinical signs. Here, we present a case of a 16-month-old baby presented with fever for nine days, excessive crying and irritability for four days, and refusal to feed for one day with pallor and developed lip cracking, mucositis, bilateral edema, and redness in the palms and soles followed by periungual desquamation. Lab evaluations revealed anemia, elevated white cell count, and c-reactive protein along sterile pyuria. Since the child became afebrile after ten days of illness, inflammatory marker levels decreased, and no coronary artery abnormalities were detected on 2D echocardiography, and the child was diagnosed with incomplete KD based on the clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluations after ruling out all other possible causes. He was managed conservatively with low-dose aspirin, and the child was doing well on a two-month follow-up.

A Rare Case of Hypomyelinating Leukodystrophy and Its Management: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A subset of hereditary white matter disorders called hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLD) is characterized primarily by the absence of myelin deposition. Although the clinical presentation can be mild and the development of symptoms can occur in adolescence or adulthood, the majority of severe cases present during infancy and early childhood with significant neurological impairments. The clinical features vary from muscle stiffness to seizures and developmental delay. The detailed myelination process can be seen with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and many patients are diagnosed using MRI pattern recognition and next-generation sequencing (NGS) in most cases. Here, we report a case of an infant suffering from the hypomyelinating leukodystrophy-13 (HLD-13) variant, whose next-generation sequencing revealed a pathogenic homozygous variant.