RESUMO
The authors studied the epidemiological situation in a surgical clinic on the basis of examination of 12,000 case histories in the course of several years. Microbiological examinations were carried out of 1438 samples with the purpose of assessing the microbial picture of the wounds of patients and all factors of the environment which could participate in infection due to pathogens of conventional nature. The most frequent pathogens of the wounds were staphylococci--65.6 +/- 6.0%. In the course of observation one established a continuous chain of infections due to presence of sources of pathogens of wound infections, the carriers of which were medical staff, medical students and patients in 19 +/- 2.8%.
Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/transmissão , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , HumanosRESUMO
Land reclamation measures carried out on the territory of a flood-plain-paludal focus of tularemia change the ecological and biocenotic links, which leads to the formation of a meadow-field focus with other-than-before sources and vectors of tularemia infection.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças , Tularemia/epidemiologia , Animais , Vetores Artrópodes , Aves/microbiologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Vetores de Doenças , Ecologia , Fezes/microbiologia , Francisella tularensis/isolamento & purificação , Roedores/microbiologia , Carrapatos/microbiologia , Tularemia/microbiologia , Tularemia/veterinária , UcrâniaAssuntos
Infecções por Pseudomonas/imunologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/imunologia , Aglutininas/análise , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos , Antitoxinas/análise , Imunidade Celular , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/imunologia , Staphylococcus/imunologia , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Staphylococcus epidermidis/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Tamanho do Órgão , Fagocitose , Staphylococcus aureus/imunologia , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidade , Staphylococcus epidermidis/patogenicidade , Timo/patologiaAssuntos
Infecções Estafilocócicas/imunologia , Animais , Complexo Antígeno-Anticorpo/análise , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade/microbiologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos CBA , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Fatores de TempoAssuntos
Medicina , Saúde Pública/educação , Especialização , Ensino/métodos , Currículo , Medicina do Trabalho/educação , U.R.S.S.Assuntos
Reações Antígeno-Anticorpo/efeitos dos fármacos , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Linfócitos B/imunologia , Inibidores do Crescimento/imunologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Tolerância Imunológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunização , Imunização Secundária , Ratos , Toxoide Tetânico/imunologia , Vacinas Tíficas-Paratíficas/imunologiaRESUMO
The paper deals with dynamics of antibody formation in rats. Tetanic anatoxin independently of doses and methods of administration manifests weak immunogenic properties. A complete Freind adjuvant stimulates considerably the biosynthesis of antitetanic antibodies in the primary and secondary immune responses. Electrophoresis of tetanic anatoxin polyacrylamide gel permits isolating two protein fractions, one of them migrates in the immunoglobulin G zone and its mass constitutes 73%, the other-more low-molecular and contains 27% of protein. Dynamics of the acid-base blood state indices and of antibody biosynthesis is studied on models of chronic compensated alkalosis and metabolic acidosis in rats. It is established that during the experiment, simultaneously with an insignificant increase in the total carbonic acid concentration blood, there occurs a 25-60% increase in the titres of antitetanic antibodies as compared to the control. In rats with acidosis there occurs a simultaneously decrease in the intensity of antibody biosynthesis as compared to the control (43-54%) and in the total CO2 content in blood.
Assuntos
Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Dióxido de Carbono/sangue , Antitoxina Tetânica/farmacologia , Animais , Imunoeletroforese , Imunoglobulina A/análise , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
The authors present the results obtained in the survey of graduates from the sanitary and hygienic departments of 4 medical institutes of the Ukrainian SSR carried out in a special pedagogical experiment with the aim to determine the "survival" of their knowledge in epidemiology. As a result, variations in the stability of knowledge in different branches of this discipline, especially in disinfection, the problems requiring the integration of knowledge in epidemiology and hygiene (municipal and alimentary), etc., have been revealed. The authors propose some measures for the improvement of teaching.