Holoprosencephaly (HPE) : case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a complex brain malformation resulting from a medial cleavage defect of the prosencephalon into right and left hemispheres, occurring during early embryonic development. CASE PRESENTATION: We report an alobar holoprosencephaly diagnosed on imaging (obstetrical ultrasound) and revealed by a polymalformative syndrome in an 8-month-old infant. DISCUSSION: Holoprosencephaly affects the forebrain and face, causing neurological manifestations and facial anomalies of varying severity. HPE is a cerebral midline anomaly. CONCLUSION: Its fetal prognosis is extremely guarded, particularly for the alobar form.

Tubal adenocarcinoma: Report of 3 cases and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Tumors of the uterine tube are rare pathologies representing less than 1 % of all gynecologic cancers; they are dominated by adenocarcinomas. Secondary metastatic forms are the most frequent, whereas primary tumors are very rare and represent only 10 %, which suggests that the fallopian tube is an organ with low oncogenic potential. REPORT OF TWO CASES: We report the two cases of a patients followed in the gynecology department C of the CHU IBN ROCHD CASA for a primary tubal adenocarcinoma. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of its origin is difficult preoperatively, the treatment and staging are the same as for ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: The treatment is also identical to the management of ovarian cancer, but their prognosis is better because they are most often diagnosed at an earlier stage.

Primary fallopian tube adenocarcinoma: A case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Primary cancer of the fallopian tube is very rare. The diagnosis is rarely made before surgery or histological study. CASE REPORT: We report the observation of a tubal adenocarcinoma in a 42-year-old female patient, discovered following an abdomino-pelvic mass. A total hysterectomy without adnexal preservation with omentectomy, appendectomy and partial bladder resection were performed, followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Despite this observation, the authors report a review of the literature concerning the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this cancer. DISCUSSION: Primary fallopian tube cancers are rare, representing 0.3 to 1.1 % of gynecological cancers. They are frequently confused with ovarian cancers in case of locally advanced disease and are clearly underestimated. CONCLUSION: The positive diagnosis is difficult because the clinical picture is polymorphic, MRI is of great diagnostic interest, the prognosis depends on the FIGO stage.

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: A case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Neuroendocrine carcinomas mainly affect the bronchopulmonary system and the gastrointestinal tract. Mammary localizations are rare. They represent less than 0.1 % of all breast cancers and less than 1 % of neuroendocrine tumors. CASE REPORT: Our case concerns a 50-year-old female patient, who has presented for one year with a rapidly evolving, hard, right breast nodule without associated adenopathy. DISCUSSION: The diagnosis of certainty is based on histological study, and more particularly on immunohistochemical study. Studies concerning this entity are rare and include a small number of cases. We have described a case of triple negative neuroendocrine carcinoma with a high proliferation index. The study of larger series will allow us to better understand their histogenesis as well as their evolutionary profile. CONCLUSION: The treatment of endocrine tumors of the breast is mainly surgical. The indications for chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the same as for other breast cancers.