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1.
Edumecentro ; 152023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514083

RESUMO

Fundamento: los juegos tradicionales resultan motivantes y de fácil ejecución para los escolares con necesidades educativas especiales porque favorecen la movilidad y orientación espacial de niños con discapacidad visual. Objetivo: proponer un grupo de juegos tradicionales adaptados para mejorar la movilidad y orientación espacial de niños con discapacidad visual en la Escuela Especial "Fructuoso Rodríguez" de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, entre los meses de mayo-septiembre de 2021. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo e histórico-lógico; y empíricos: análisis de documentos, observación, cuestionario y entrevista. Resultados: el diagnóstico realizado corroboró que los sujetos estudiados presentaban dificultades en la movilidad y la orientación espacial; desconfianza, inseguridad y pocas iniciativas relacionadas con la recreación en su cotidianeidad familiar, por lo que se adaptaron 10 juegos tradicionales conocidos, pero poco jugados por los niños con discapacidad visual, con el fin de alcanzar otras vías que contribuyan a mejorar su movilidad y orientación espacial, luego de una etapa de confinamiento provocada por la Covid-19. Conclusiones: la propuesta de juegos tradicionales adaptados responde a la necesidad detectada y potencia la recreación e inclusión de estos infantes en actividades escolares y extraescolares después de la pandemia.


Background: traditional games are motivating and easy to play for schoolchildren with special educational needs because they favor the mobility and spatial orientation of visually impaired children. Objective: to propose a group of traditional games adapted to improve the mobility and spatial orientation of visually impaired children at "Fructuoso Rodríguez" Special School in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, from May to September 2021. Theoretical methods were used: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive and historical-logical; and empirical ones: document analysis, observation, questionnaire and interview. Results: the diagnosis made corroborated that the subjects studied presented difficulties in mobility and spatial orientation; distrust, insecurity and few initiatives related to recreation in their family daily life, for which 10 known traditional games were adapted, but little played by children with visual disabilities, in order to reach other ways that contribute to improving their mobility and orientation space, after a stage of confinement caused by Covid-19. Conclusions: the proposal of adapted traditional games responds to the detected need and enhances the recreation and inclusion of these infants in school and extracurricular activities after the pandemic.


Assuntos
Recreação , Educação Médica , Limitação da Mobilidade , Educação de Pessoas com Deficiência Visual
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527758

RESUMO

Introducción: Las alteraciones lipídicas constituyen un marcador de mal pronóstico y en los últimos tiempos se ha postulado como marcador biológico en la evolución de los pacientes grandes quemados. Objetivo: Determinar las alteraciones de la fracción lipídica en los pacientes quemados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico, prospectivo y de corte longitudinal con el objetivo de determinar las alteraciones de la fracción lipídica en los pacientes quemados ingresado en el Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la ciudad Camagüey, en el período comprendido desde enero de 2019 hasta el mes de febrero de 2022. Se estudiaron 30 pacientes en quienes se tuvieron en cuenta las variables: índice de gravedad, las cifras del colesterol sérico y de los triglicéridos, el por ciento de superficie corporal quemada, los patrones lipídicos, la sepsis y el estado al egreso. Resultados: Las cifras medias más bajas de colesterol sérico y las cifras medias más altas de triglicéridos ocurrieron en aquellos pacientes con más de un 30 por ciento de superficie corporal quemada. En los pacientes con índice de gravedad de muy grave, crítico y crítico extremo fue donde se registraron las cifras más bajas de colesterol. En los períodos evolutivos de siete a 14 días los estados de triglicéridos altos se encontraron en grupos de pacientes muy graves y crítico extremos con cinco pacientes en cada grupo, lo que representa el 16,67 % y cuatro pacientes críticos para el 13,33 %. Del total de los pacientes estudiados, en 13 de ellos se presentó un patrón lipídico formado por colesterol bajo con triglicéridos altos, y el 40 % de este grupo presentaron sepsis. Conclusiones: Los grandes quemados presentan alteraciones importantes en el metabolismo de los lípidos con consecuencias desfavorables en su evolución.


Introduction: The lipid alterations constitute a marker of bad forecast and in recent times it has run for candidate like biological marker in the evolution of the big burnt patients. Objective: To determine the alterations of the lipid fraction in the burned patients. Methods: An analytic, prospective and of longitudinal study was carried out for the sake of determining the alterations of the lipid fraction in the burned patient entered in the Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech of the city Camagüey, in the period understood since January of the 2019 to the month of February of 2022. They studied 30 patients in those who had into account variables: Severity rate, the figures of the serum cholesterol and of the triglycerides, the percent of corporal burned-out surface, the lipid patterns, the sepsis and the state to the medical release. Results: The half a lower amounts of serum cholesterol and the figures the more tall stockings of triglycerides happened in those patients with over 30 percent of corporal burned-out surface. In the patients with severity rate of very severe, critic and the extreme critic was where lower the figures of cholesterol got registered. In the evolutionary periods of seven to 14 days the states of tall triglycerides met fundamentally very seriously ill patients' groups, and critic extreme with five patients in each group, what represents the 16.67 % and four critical patients for the 13.33 %. Of the total of the patients studied, in 13 of them a lipid pattern educated by cholesterol bass with tall triglycerides showed up, and 40 % of this group presented sepsis. Conclusions: The great burned-out patients present important alterations in the metabolism of the lipids with unfavorable consequences in their evolution.

3.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 26: e8375, 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403269

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: Las concentraciones bajas de lípidos y lipoproteínas en los pacientes quemados se han asociado con un mal pronóstico, con una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia del colesterol sérico en la evolución clínica de pacientes quemados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte longitudinal para determinar la influencia del colesterol sérico en la evolución clínica de pacientes quemados ingresados en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Caumatología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia Camagüey en el período comprendido desde octubre de 2019 hasta septiembre de 2020. Se estudiaron 16 pacientes en quienes se evaluaron las variables: índice de gravedad, los cambios en los niveles de colesterol, así como su relación con la sepsis, tendencia evolutiva del colesterol y el estado al egreso de los pacientes. Resultados: Entre los siete a 14 días de evolución el 75 % de los pacientes tenían cifras de colesterol bajo con un predominio en los pacientes críticos. De los 12 pacientes que desarrollaron sepsis, más del 68 % tenían cifras de colesterol bajo; de ellos cinco pacientes estaban clasificados como críticos por lo que hubo una tendencia a un empeoramiento en relación con el índice de gravedad. Trece de los pacientes de esta serie egresaron vivos. Conclusiones: Las quemaduras graves cursan con alteraciones en los niveles de colesterol. Hallazgo significativo fue que los pacientes que desarrollaron infección cursaron con niveles bajos de colesterol. La hipocolesterolemia se asoció a un peor pronóstico de estos pacientes.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The low concentrations of lipids and the lipoproteins in the burnt patients have been associated with a bad forecast, with a high morbility and mortality. Objective: To determine the influence of serum cholesterol un the clinical evolution of burned patients. Methods: An observational, descriptive study of longitudinal cut was carried out to determine the influence of the serum cholesterol in the clinical evolution of patient burnings in the service of Plastic Surgery and Caumatology of the Hospital Universitary Manuel Ascunce Domenech of the city Camagüey in the period understood since October of the 2019 to September of the 2020. 16 patients were studied, evaluating the severity rate, the changes in the levels of cholesterol, as well as its relation with the sepsis, evolutionary tendency of cholesterol and state to the expenditure of the patients. Results: Between the seven to fourteen days of evolution seventy five percent of the patients had low numbers of cholesterol with a predominance in the critic patients. Of the twelve patients that developed sepsis, more of the sixty eight percent had low numbers of cholesterol; of them five patients were classified as critics so there was a tendency to a deterioration relating to the severity rate. Thirteen of the patients of this series exited live. Conclusions: The serious burns occur with alterations in the metabolism of the lipids. A significant finding was that the patients that developed infection had with low levels of cholesterol. The hypocholesterolaemia was associated to a worse forecast of these patients.

4.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 26: e8842, 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1403312

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: Los cambios de la presión intraabdominal en pacientes grandes quemados influyen en su evolución y se asocia con un mal pronóstico. Objetivo: Determinar los cambios de la presión intraabdominal en pacientes grandes quemados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal para determinar los cambios de la presión intraabdominal en pacientes grandes quemados, ingresados en el servicio de Cirugía Plástica y Caumatología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia Camagüey desde enero de 2019 hasta junio de 2021.Se estudiaron 35 pacientes, se utilizaron las variables: presión intraabdominal como variable dependiente y el índice de gravedad, la presencia de quemaduras abdominales, los volúmenes de líquidos administrado y el estado al egreso de los pacientes como variables independientes. Resultados: En los tres grupos con índice pronóstico de muy grave, crítico y crítico extremo la mayoría de los pacientes presentaron niveles de presión intraabdominal grado I. De aquellos pacientes que presentaban más de un cinco por ciento de quemaduras hipodérmicas en el abdomen, 19 presentaron presión intraabdominal grado I. De los 22 pacientes que necesitaron para su reanimación diez o más litros de cristaloides, el 60 % desarrolló algún grado de hipertensión intraabdominal.Del total de la muestra, 18 de los enfermos resultaron fallecidos. Conclusiones: El índice pronóstico, la presencia de quemaduras hipodérmicas en el abdomeny la reanimación con diez o más litro de líquido, influye en los cambios de la presión intraabdominal en estos enfermos. La hipertensión intraabdominal repercute en la mortalidad en los grandes quemados.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The changes of the intra-abdominal pressure in severely burned patients influence their evolution and it has been associated with a bad forecast. Objective: To determine the changes of the intra-abdominal pressure in severely burned patients. Methods: An observational, descriptive cross-section study was carried out to determine the changes of the intra-abdominal pressure in severely burned patients, entered in the service of Plastic Surgery and Caumatology of the University Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech of Camagüey province in the period understood from January, 2019 to June, 2021. 35 patients were studied and the following variables were used: intra-abdominal pressure as dependent variable and severity rate, the presence of abdominal burns, the volumes of liquids administered and the state to the expenditure of the patients as independent variables. Results: In the three groups with forecast index of very bad, critic and extreme critic most of the patients presented levels of intra-abdominal pressure degree I. Of those patients that introduced more of one and five percent of hypodermic burns in the abdomen, 19 presented intra-abdominal pressure. Of the 22 patients that needed for their revival ten or more liters of crystalloids, the 60 % developed some degree of intra-abdominal hypertension. Of the total of the sample, 18 of the patients deceased. Conclusions: The forecast index, the presence of hypodermic burns in the abdomen and the revival with ten or more liter of liquid, influence the changes of the intra-abdominal pressure in these patients. The intraabdominal hypertension has influence upon the mortality in the severely burned patients.

5.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439287

RESUMO

Introducción: La apariencia, tamaño, forma y simetría de la glándula mamaria juegan un papel importante en la sexualidad de la mujer y tienen un profundo efecto en su bienestar biopsicosocial. Objetivo: Caracterizar el aumento mamario mediante implantes protésicos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo de corte longitudinal para determinar el comportamiento del aumento mamario mediante implantes protésicos en pacientes con alteraciones mamarias que acudieron a la consulta de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia Camagüey en el período comprendido desde septiembre de 2017 hasta junio de 2020. Se estudiaron 35 pacientes en quienes se analizaron las variables: edad, enfermedad mamaria a corregir con los implantes, volumen de los implantes, vía de acceso de colocación del implante, localización del bolsillo mamario y complicaciones con el proceder. Resultados: Del total de las pacientes estudiadas, la hipotrofia mamaria estuvo presente en 25 féminas, predominando en las edades entre 30 a 49 años en el 68,56 % de las mismas. En doce de las pacientes que se utilizó la vía subareolar para la colocación del implante, los mismos presentaban volúmenes entre 351 y 400 mililitros. La vía de acceso menos utilizada para la colocación del implante fue la vía axilar, en una paciente y esta a su vez utilizando un bolsillo mamario retromuscular. La dehiscencia de la herida fue la complicación predominante. Conclusiones: La cirugía de aumento mamario mediante material aloplástico es un proceder frecuente que es utilizado para corregir diferentes defectos mamarios en la especialidad de Cirugía Plástica, con diversidad de técnicas y escasas complicaciones.


Introduction: Appearance, size, form and symmetry of the mammary gland play an important role in the sexuality of the woman and have a deep effect in her biopsychosocial well-being. Objective: To characterize breast augmentation using prosthetic implants. Methods: A descriptive, prospective longitudinal study was carried out to determine the behavior of breast augmentation through prosthetic implants in patients with breast disorders that attended to the consultation of Plastic Surgery of the Universitary Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech in Camagüey's province, from September, 2017 to June, 2020. 35 patients were studied and the following variableswere analyzed: age, breast disease to be corrected with implants, implant volume, access route for implant placement, location of the breast pocket and complications with the procedure. Results: Of all the patients studied, mammary hypotrophy was present in 25 females, predominating in the ages between 30 and 49 years in 68.56% of them. In twelve of the patients who used the subareolar route for implant placement, they presented volumes between 351 and 400 milliliters. The least used access route for implant placement was the axillary route, in one patient and this in turn used a retromuscular breast pocket. Wound dehiscence was the predominant complication. Conclusions: Breast augmentation surgery using alloplastic material is a frequent procedure that is used to correct different breast defects in the specialty of Plastic Surgery, with a variety of techniques and few complications.

6.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1439289

RESUMO

Introducción: La lesión por quemadura es uno de los eventos más traumáticos y devastadores que puede sufrir un ser humano. Este evento térmico produce profundas alteraciones en los mecanismos sistémicos de defensa del huésped. Las complicaciones en grandes quemados comienzan en la fase inmediata de la inflamación producida tras sufrir la agresión térmica. Las complicaciones en los pacientes quemados se han asociado con un mal pronóstico, con una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: Describir las complicaciones en los pacientes quemados. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal para describir las complicaciones en los pacientes quemados que ingresaron en la sala de Caumatología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la ciudad Camagüey en el período comprendido desde enero de 2021 hasta febrero de 2022. Se estudiaron 32 pacientes en quienes se tuvieron en cuenta las variables: índice de gravedad, complicaciones generales, las complicaciones hidroelectrolíticas y acido básicas, así el estado al egreso de los pacientes. Resultados: Hubo un predominio de pacientes con complicaciones en aquellos lesionados con insulto térmico severo, presentes en 24 pacientes para un 75 %. La infección de la lesión por quemaduras, la hiperglucemia, la anemia y los estados de deshidratación fueron las complicaciones que mayormente se presentaron en los pacientes estudiados. La totalidad de los fallecidos fueron del grupo de pacientes que presentaron complicaciones, ocho pacientes para un 25 %. Conclusiones: La infección de las quemaduras es la principal complicación del paciente quemado. La mayoría de los pacientes de esta serie egresaron vivos.


Introduction: Burn injury is one of the most traumatic and devastating events that a human being can suffer. This thermal event produces profound alterations in the host's systemic defense mechanisms. Complications in major burns begin in the immediate phase of inflammation produced after suffering thermal aggression. Complications in the burned patients are associated with a bad prognosis with a high morbility and mortality. Objective: To decribe the complications in burned patient. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-section study was carried out to determine the complications in the burned patients that were admitted in the service of Caumatology, of the Universitary Hospital Manuel Ascunce Domenech in Camagüey city between January, 2021 and February, 2022. 32 patients were studied and the following variables were evaluated: severity rate, general complications, and acid-basic and hydroelectrolytic complications, as well as the state at discharge of the patients. Results: There was a predominance of patients with complications, in those injured persons with thermic harsh insult, present in 24 patients for 75 %. The infection of the injury for burns, the hyperglycemia, the anemia and the states of dehydration were the complications that largely showed up in the studied patients. All of the dead persons belonged to patient's group that had complications, eight patients showed (25 %). Conclusions: The infection of the burns continues to be the main complication of the burned patient. Most of the patients in this series were discharged alive.

7.
Arch Med Sci ; 17(3): 682-693, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34025838

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores are widely used to predict the outcomes of liver transplant (LT). Both have similar prognostic values in most cases, although their benefits might differ in some specific conditions. The aim of our study was to analyze the influence of pre-transplant ascites and encephalopathy in post-transplant liver rejection development and survival in alcohol cirrhosis (AC) patients undergoing LT to determine the usefulness of the Child-Pugh score for the assessment of prognosis in such patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-one AC patients, classified according to viral infections and pre-transplant complications, were analyzed. Acute (AR) and chronic (CR) liver rejections and Child-Pugh, MELD and albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores were studied in all cases. RESULTS: Similar AC rejection percentages were observed in ascites or encephalopathy groups (18.5% and 16.5%, p = 0.735), although a higher but not statistically significant AC rate was observed in patients with grade III ascites (p = 0.777) and with grade II encephalopathy (p = 0.089). Chronic rejection was only developed by 9.1% of AC patients, regardless of the presence of ascites (6.2%) or encephalopathy (5.5%). The presence of ascites and encephalopathy complications did not seem to influence post-transplant survival. Neither the Child-Pugh nor the ALBI score can be considered the best for predicting patient survival in the short or long term. CONCLUSIONS: Ascites and encephalopathy do not seem to influence AC or CR in patient survival, regardless of the presence of viral infections, so in our study neither the Child-Pugh nor ALBI score seems to be the best score to predict the outcomes of these patients.

8.
Arch Med Sci ; 17(3): 764-774, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34025847

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The molecular mechanisms underlying alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are not completely understood. Hepatic fibrosis involves the interplay of diverse cells and factors, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer, NK cells, and T-lymphocyte subsets. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are membrane receptors involved in mediation between NK and activated HSCs, regulating NK cell function through their interaction with HLA-I molecules. The aim of this study was to analyse the genetic association between KIR genes and the susceptibility to or protection from alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) in a cohort of male AC patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) with and without concomitant viral infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: KIR genotyping was performed in nuclear DNA extracted from 281 AC patients and compared with 319 male controls. RESULTS: Significant differences between total AC patients and healthy controls were only found in the case of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5. KIR2DL2 was significantly underrepresented in non-viral AC patients (52.6% vs. 63.3%; p = 0.015), while patients heterozygous for KIR2DL2 were also underrepresented in the non-viral AC group compared with controls (p = 0.034). KIR2DS5 was overrepresented in this group compared with healthy controls (p = 0.002). All these observations were only evident in AC patients older than 54 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest a contrary effect of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS5 in AC patients older than 54 years, in whom the presence of KIR2DL2 appears to be protective against AC, whereas the presence of KIR2DS5 seems to promote the fibrotic process, particularly in patients with no associated viral infection.

9.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 25(1): e7908, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152920

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamento: la monitorización de la presión intraabdominal constituye un parámetro importante en las pacientes sometidas a dermolipectomía abdominal. Objetivo: determinar las variaciones de la presión intraabdominal en las pacientes sometidas a dermolipectomía. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal para determinar las variaciones de la presión intraabdominal en pacientes sometidas a dermolipectomía; en el servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia Camagüey en el período comprendido desde enero de 2018 hasta noviembre de 2019. Se estudiaron 22 pacientes en quienes se evaluaron la edad, el tipo de lipodistrofia abdominal, las cifras de PIA, el índice de masa corporal y la cantidad de centímetros plicados en la pared abdominal anterior. Resultados: las pacientes comprendidas en las edades entre 29 y 48 años fueron las que predominaron en el estudio. La mayoría tenían lipodistrofia grado II, 11 pacientes para un 50 %. Las pacientes con sobre peso (10) que fueron la mayoría en el estudio, de ellas seis registraron PIA grado I. La relación entre los diferentes niveles de PIA y la plicatura abdominal en centímetros, de las 14 pacientes que mostraron niveles de PIA grado I, a ocho se le plicó entre ocho y 10 cm y a cuatro de las pacientes 11 cm o más. Conclusiones: la mayoría de las pacientes operadas tenían edades comprendidas entre 29 y 48 años. Existió un predominio de lipodistrofia grado II en las pacientes trastadas. El índice de masa corporal y la cantidad de centímetros plicados de la pared abdominal influyen de manera directa en el incremento de los niveles de PIA.


ABSTRACT Background: the monitoring of the intra-abdominal pressure constitutes an important parameter in the patients submitted to abdominal dermolipectomy. Objective: to determine the variations of the intra-abdominal pressure in the patients submitted to dermolipectomy. Methods: a descriptive, cross-section study to determine the variations of the intra-abdominal pressure in patients submitted to dermolipectomy was carried out; in the service of Plastic Surgery of the Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech of the city of Camagüey in the period understood since January, 2018 to November, 2019. They studied twenty two patients in those who they evaluated the age, the type of abdominal lipodystrophy, the amounts of PIA, the Body Mass Index, and the quantity of plicate centimeters in the previous abdominal wall. Results: the patients understood in the ages between twenty nine to forty eight years were the ones that predominated in this study. The majority had lipodystrophy degree two, 11 patients for a 50 %. The patients with overweight (ten patients) that were the majority in this study, of them six patients registered PIA degree I. The relation between PIA's different levels and the abdominal plication in cm, of the patient fourteen that showed levels of PIA degree I, to eight were reduced between eight ten cm and to four of the patients eleven cm or more. Conclusions: most of the operated patients had ages understood between twenty nine to forty eight years. There was a predominance of lipodystrophy degree two in the treated patients. The Body Mass Index and the quantity of plicate centimeters of the abdominal wall have influence right into the increment of the levels of PIA.

10.
JCI Insight ; 6(2)2021 01 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33301420

RESUMO

Transient partial remission, a period of low insulin requirement experienced by most patients soon after diagnosis, has been associated with mechanisms of immune regulation. A better understanding of such natural mechanisms of immune regulation might identify new targets for immunotherapies that reverse type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, using Cox model multivariate analysis, we validated our previous findings that patients with the highest frequency of CD4+CD25+CD127hi (127-hi) cells at diagnosis experience the longest partial remission, and we showed that the 127-hi cell population is a mix of Th1- and Th2-type cells, with a significant bias toward antiinflammatory Th2-type cells. In addition, we extended these findings to show that patients with the highest frequency of 127-hi cells at diagnosis were significantly more likely to maintain ß cell function. Moreover, in patients treated with alefacept in the T1DAL clinical trial, the probability of responding favorably to the antiinflammatory drug was significantly higher in those with a higher frequency of 127-hi cells at diagnosis than those with a lower 127-hi cell frequency. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that 127-hi cells maintain an antiinflammatory environment that is permissive for partial remission, ß cell survival, and response to antiinflammatory immunotherapy.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Alefacept/uso terapêutico , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/classificação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoterapia/métodos , Lactente , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-2/sangue , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-7/sangue , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Subpopulações de Linfócitos T/classificação , Adulto Jovem
11.
Gac. méd. espirit ; 22(3): 65-75, sept.-dic. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1149344

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamento: La infección de la lesión por quemadura constituye una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el paciente quemado, y una de las complicaciones más temibles en estos pacientes, por lo que el diagnóstico microbiológico de la infección representa un paso importante para el tratamiento oportuno de los mismos. Objetivo: Determinar mediante el estudio microbiológico cualitativo y cuantitativo de la lesión por quemadura el diagnóstico de infección en los pacientes quemados. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal para determinar mediante el estudio microbiológico de la lesión por quemadura la presencia de infección en los pacientes quemados ingresados en el servicio de Caumatología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia de Camagüey. Se estudiaron 34 enfermos por quemaduras en quienes se evaluaron el estado nutricional de los pacientes al ingreso, la reanimación prehospitalaria, la positividad del cultivo cuantitativo y cualitativo y los gérmenes más comunes aislados. Resultados: En 8 de los pacientes clasificados como bajo peso, sus lesiones estaban colonizadas por microorganismos. Del 79.42 % de los pacientes que tuvieron una reanimación adecuada, se encontró cultivos cualitativos positivos en 12 de ellos. En el 44.12 % de los pacientes lesionados se encontró la presencia de gérmenes con una cuantificación mayor de 105 bacterias por gramo de tejido. La Pseudomonas aeruginosa se aisló en el 38.23 % de los pacientes estudiados. Conclusiones: El estudio bacteriológico cuantitativo constituye un elemento importante en el diagnóstico de la infección en la herida por quemaduras. La Pseudomonas aeruginosa es uno de los gérmenes principales que colonizan e infectan estas lesiones.


ABSTRACT Background: Infection by burn injury is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in burn patients, and one of the most dreadful complications in these patients, so the microbiological diagnosis of infection represents an important step at the timely treatment. Objective: To determine through qualitative microbiological study and quantitative analysis of the burn injury the diagnosis of infection in burn patients. Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out to determine through the microbiological study of the burn injury the presence of infection in burn inpatients from the Caumatology service at Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey. 34 burn patients were studied, their nutritional status upon admission, pre-hospital resuscitation, positivity of the quantitative and qualitative crops and the most common isolated germs were also evaluated. Results: In 8 of the underweight classified patients, their injuries were colonized by microorganisms. In 12 of the 79.42 % of patients who had an appropriate resuscitation, qualitative crops were found positive. In 44.12 % of injured patients found the presence of germs with a quantification greater than 105 bacteria per gram of tissue. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in the 38.23 % of the studied patients. Conclusions: The quantitative bacteriological study constitutes an important element in the diagnosis of infection in the burn wound. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main germs that colonize and infect these lesions.


Assuntos
Infecção dos Ferimentos , Morbidade , Mortalidade
12.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 24(1): e6711, ene.-feb. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088834

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamento: los procesos infecciosos son una de las causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en pacientes quemados, por lo que el diagnóstico temprano de la infección a través del estudio bacteriológico cuantitativo representa un paso de avance para el tratamiento oportuno. Objetivo: determinar mediante el estudio bacteriológico cuantitativo de la herida por quemadura el diagnóstico de infección en pacientes quemados. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal para determinar mediante el estudio bacteriológico cuantitativo de la herida por quemadura el diagnóstico de infección en los pacientes quemados ingresados en el servicio de Caumatología del Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech de la provincia Camagüey, desde septiembre de 2015 a noviembre de 2017. Se estudiaron 34 pacientes y se evaluaron las variables: edad, sexo, índice de gravedad, positividad o no de los estudios cualitativos y cuantitativos en relación con las manifestaciones clínicas de infección. Resultados: el sexo femenino fue el más representado con 70,59 % de casos, predominaron las edades entre 48-67 años, el 38,23 % de los lesionados estaban clasificados como muy grave, la colonización fue la predominante sobre la infección en el cultivo cuantitativo con un 26,47 %. En los pacientes con manifestaciones clínicas de infección, el cultivo bacteriológico cuantitativo fue positivo en 11 de ellos para un 32,35 %. Se encontró en el 44,12 % la presencia de gérmenes a una concentración de más de 105 gérmenes por gramo de tejido. Conclusiones: los factores determinantes en la aparición de infección en la herida por quemadura son la edad, la extensión y profundidad de las lesiones. Existió una correlación entre la positividad del estudio bacteriológico cuantitativo y la presencia de manifestaciones clínicas de infección en los pacientes. Se documentó mayor número de cultivos cuantitativos con resultados positivos y su correlación con la presencia de gérmenes en los cultivos cualitativos.


ABSTRACT Background: the infectious processes are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the burned patients, which is why the early diagnosis of the infection through the bacteriological quantitative study represents a forward-motion step for the opportune treatment of these patients. Objective: to determine the diagnosis of infection in the burned patients by means of the bacteriological quantitative study of the injury by burn. Methods: a descriptive, cross-section study was carried out to determine by means of the bacteriological quantitative study of the injury by burn the diagnosis of infection in the burned patients entered in the service of Burn at Manuel Ascunce Domenech Universitary Hospital of the province Camagüey, from September 2015 to November 2017. 34 patients were studied in those who were evaluated the following variables: age, sex, severity rate, positivity or no of the qualitative and quantitative study relating to the clinical public demonstrations of infection. Results: in this study the feminine sex became represented by 70.59 %, predominating ages between 48- 67 years, the 38.23 % of injured persons were classified as very grave, and colonization was the predominant on the infection in the quantitative cultivation with a 26.47 %. In patients with clinical demonstrations of infection, the quantitative culture was positive in 11 of them for a 32.35 %. It was found in 44.12 % of patients, the presence from germs to a concentration of over 105 germen per gram of fabric. Conclusions: determining factors in the appearing of infection in the injury by burn were age, extension and depth of the injuries. There was a correlation between the positivity of the bacteriological quantitative study and the presence of clinical demonstrations of infection in these patients. Greater number of quantitative cultivations with positive results and their correlation with the presence of germs in the qualitative cultivations were documented.

13.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle ; 10(4): 827-843, 2019 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30977974

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Tumour growth can promote the loss of muscle mass and function. This is particularly disturbing because overall survival is significantly reduced in people with weaker and smaller skeletal muscle. The risk of cancer is also greater in people who are immune deficient. Muscle wasting in mice with cancer can be inhibited by infusion of CD4+ precursor T cells that restore balanced ratios of naïve, memory, and regulatory T cells. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that stronger anti-cancer T cell immunity leads to improved muscle mass and function. As a first step to testing this hypothesis, we determined whether levels of circulating T cell subsets correlate with levels of muscle strength in people with cancer. METHODS: The frequency of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ naïve, memory, and regulatory T cell subsets was quantified in 11 men with gastrointestinal cancer (aged 59.3 ± 10.1 years) and nine men without cancer (aged 60 ± 13 years), using flow cytometry. T cell marker expression was determined using real-time PCR and western blot analyses in whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Handgrip strength, one-repetition maximum chest press, and knee extension tests were used to determine muscle strength. Performance was determined using a stair climb test. Body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. The Karnofsky and ECOG scales were used to assess functional impairment. Correlations between frequencies of cell subsets with strength, performance, and body composition were determined using regression analyses. RESULTS: Our data show significant correlations between (i) higher frequencies of CD8+ naïve (P = 0.02) and effector memory (P = 0.003) T cells and lower frequencies of CD8+ central memory T cells (P = 0.002) with stronger handgrip strength, (ii) lower frequency of regulatory cells with greater lean mass index (P = 0.04), (iii) lower frequency of CD8+ T cells that express CD95 with greater stair climb power (P = 0.003), (iv) higher frequency of T cells that co-express CD197 and CD45RA and greater one-repetition maximum knee extension strength (P = 0.008), and (iv) higher expression of CD4 in whole blood with greater functional impairment (P = 0.004) in people with cancer. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified significant correlations between levels of T cell populations and muscle strength, performance, and body composition in people with cancer. These data justify a follow-up study with a larger cohort to test the validity of the findings.


Assuntos
Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Neoplasias/fisiopatologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto
14.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 23(1): 28-36, ene.-feb. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-989306

RESUMO

RESUMEN Fundamento: la mastopexia tiene como objetivo reposicionar el complejo areola-pezón que ha descendido por disminución de la capacidad elástica de los tejidos y remodelar la mama remanente, al reestructurar el tejido glandular y resecando el excedente cutáneo secundario. Objetivo: determinar los resultados estéticos de la mastopexia al utilizar la técnica de Liacyr Ribeiro pedículo tipo I modificada por el autor. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, de corte transversal acerca de la aplicación de la técnica de mastopexia descrita por el profesor Liacyr Ribeiro, pedículo tipo I a la cual se le realizó una modificación al utilizar para su diseño el patrón de Wise, desde enero de 2014 a diciembre de 2017, la muestra fue de 24 pacientes con diferentes grado de ptosis mamaria, tomada de forma no probabilística lo que coincidió con el universo. Resultados: la mayoría de las pacientes operadas tenían un grado tres de ptosis mamaria. Del total de las pacientes solo el 5,85 % presentó diferentes grados de complicaciones relacionadas con el proceder. El 91,67 % estuvieron satisfechas con el proceder y los resultados obtenidos. Conclusiones: la mastopexia es un procedimiento quirúrgico con altos niveles de seguridad, que logra un cambio importante en la imagen corporal de las pacientes y que produce gran satisfacción en ellas.


ABSTRACT Background: the mastopexy aims at repositioning the areole - nipple complex that has descended because of the decrease of the elastic capability of tissues and remodeling the remaining mamma, restructuring the glandular tissue and resecting the cutaneous secondary surplus. Objective: to determine the mastopexy's esthetic results using Liacyr Ribeiro's technique peduncle type I modified by the author. Methods: it was carried out a prospective, cross-sectional study about the application of the technique of mastopexy described by the professor Liacyr Ribeiro peduncle type I to which a modification was made by using for its design Wise's pattern, from January, 2014 to December, 2017. The sample was 24 patients with different grade of mammary ptosis, taken in a not-probabilistic form coinciding with the universe. Results: the majority of the patient that underwent surgery had a grade 3 of mammary ptosis. Of the total of patients, the 5.85 % presented different grades of complications related to procedure. The 91.67 % was pleased with the procedure and the obtained results. Conclusions: the mastopexy is a surgical procedure with high security levels, that achieves an important change in the patients' corporal image and produces great satisfaction in them.

15.
Exp Clin Transplant ; 17(3): 355-362, 2019 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29957165

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze alcoholic cirrhosis in women who were to undergo liver transplant, including their biochemical and clinical characteristics, main complications, survival rates, and main causes of death compared with men with alcoholic cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study included 400 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, which we divided according to sex and viral infections. Biochemical parameters and the presence and degree of ascites and encephalopathy, liver function status, and liver rejection and survival rates were analyzed from 1 to 10 years and the main cause of death at 10 years. RESULTS: Patients with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis and liver transplant had significantly better survival rates (84.1%) at 1 year versus those with viral alcoholic cirrhosis (74.5%; P = .036). Men with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis (14%) and women with hepatitis C virus (29%) had the lowest short-term survival rates. In long-term survival analysis, the lowest rate was observed in women with nonviral alcoholic cirrhosis (26.1%), and the highest rate was observed in women with hepatitis C virus (42.9%). Liver graft failure was one of the main causes of death in male patients (19.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Women with alcoholic cirrhosis showed a higher rate of ascites and encephalopathy but lower liver graft rejection than men with alcoholic cirrhosis. Survival rates were similar between men and women, although slightly lower in women who had hepatitis C virus.


Assuntos
Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica/cirurgia , Transplante de Fígado , Causas de Morte , Feminino , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica/complicações , Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Cirrose Hepática Alcoólica/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Taxa de Sobrevida
16.
Rev. chil. ter. ocup ; 18(2): 45-52, dic. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1103873

RESUMO

Objetivos: describir la percepción estudiantil en las carreras de Fonoaudiología, Obstetricia y Terapia Ocupacional respecto a la formación bioética en pregrado y su aplicabilidad al inicio de su experiencia práctica profesional. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal; se diseñó y aplicó una encuesta a 147 estudiantes, correspondiendo un 29,9% a la Escuela de Fonoaudiología, 42,2% a la Escuela de Obstetricia y 18,4% a la Escuela de Terapia Ocupacional. Las aseveraciones fueron dirigidas a indagar sobre: conocimientos, actitudes y aplicabilidad de los conocimientos en el ámbito clínico asistencial. Se realizó análisis estadístico simple de frecuencia. Resultados: 99,3% de los estudiantes encuestados refiere que está muy de acuerdo y de acuerdo con la relevancia de esta formación bioética, 85% reconoce estar muy de acuerdo y de acuerdo en utilizar regularmente sus conocimientos de bioética en la práctica clínica. Conclusiones: los estudiantes de las tres carreras, perciben muy relevante la formación en bioética durante el pregrado y de alta aplicabilidad en el contexto clínico. En el actual proceso de innovación curricular se sugiere que la enseñanza bioética de futuros profesionales de la salud, tenga un enfoque más práctico orientado a lo clínico.


Objectives: we intend to describe how undergraduates majoring in Speech & Language Therapy, Obstetrics and Occupational Therapy, appreciate their Bioethics courses. Methodology: descriptive, cross-sectional, study; a survey was designed and applied to 147 students from Schools of: 29,9% Speech & Language Therapy, 42,2% from Obstetrics, and 18,4% from Occupational Therapy. Items inspected topics such as students' attitudes and perception of their learning process outcomes after completing Bioethics courses, as well as Bioethics' relevance for professional practice. Results: data were analyzed descriptively. 99,3% of surveyed students strongly agree or agree in considering Bioethics as useful. 85% of surveyed students reported regularly using Bioethics guidelines in their clinical practice. Conclusions: Students from the three surveyed majors perceive Bioethics courses as useful and highly relevant within clinical contexts. Curricular-design processes should consider a more practical approach when implementing Bioethics courses for to-be health professionals.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ensino , Bioética , Terapia Ocupacional , Fonoaudiologia , Obstetrícia , Universidades , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários
17.
Rev Lat Sociol ; 8(2): 23-33, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31788455

RESUMO

When in 1966 the United Nations stated in its International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the ideal of a free human being with respect to his privacy through the prohibition of arbitrary interference in his private life, it was not possible to imagine the impact of global unlimited connectivity, autonomy of new information technologies, the development of huge interconnected databases, the independent and unrestricted circulation of data, which have led to ethical and legal questions arising from this to treat personal and health data.

18.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 19(2): 129-137, mar.-abr. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-745697

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTO: las quemaduras en los niños constituyen un reto terapéutico para el equipo multidisciplinario que se ocupa de su tratamiento. La gravedad de estas lesiones está en dependencia de su extensión, profundidad, daño de la vía aérea, reanimación óptima entre otros factores, pueden comprometer la vida del niño. OBJETIVO: determinar la morbimortalidad por quemaduras en edad pediátrica Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. El universo estuvo conformado por 139 niños que sufrieron quemaduras durante este período, la muestra no probabilística coincidió con el universo. Se estudiaron las variables edad, sexo, agentes causales, índice pronóstico, mes en que se produjo la lesión y la estadía hospitalaria. RESULTADOS: el 71, 21 % de las lesiones ocurrieron en niños menores de 5 años, los líquidos hirvientes resultaron ser el agente lesionante principal en el 73, 38 % de los pacientes. CONCLUSIONES: los niños más pequeños fueron los más vulnerables a las lesiones por quemaduras. No existieron fallecidos en esta casuística.


BACKGROUND: burns in children are a therapeutic challenge for the multidisciplinary medical team that takes care of the treatment. Seriousness of the injuries depends on the extent, depth and damage of the airway and on the optimum resuscitation, among other factors that can affect the life of the patient. OBJECTIVE: to determine the mortality and morbidity caused by burns in pediatric age in patients treated in the Burn Unit of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech Teaching Hospital of Camagüey, from 2009 to 2012. METHODS: a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study was conducted. The universe was composed of 139 children who suffered from burns during this period. The non-probabilistic sample coincided with the universe. The following variables were studied: age, sex, ethological agents, prognosis rate, month in which the injury and the hospital stay took place. Results: the 71, 21 % of the injuries were in children under five years old; boiling liquids turned out to be the main cause of the injuries in the 73, 38 % of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: small children were the most vulnerable to injuries caused by burns. There were not diseased patients with this condition.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Queimaduras/epidemiologia , Acidentes , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Observacionais como Assunto
19.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 19(2): 167-178, mar.-abr. 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-745702

RESUMO

Fundamento: la bioestimulación facial con plasma rico en plaquetas es un método actual de rejuvenecimiento facial que entra dentro de las terapias regenerativas. Objetivo: mostrar el papel principal de la bioestimulación como método positivo en las características de la piel facial. Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de un total de 140 artículos originales publicados en Pubmed, Medline, Scielo y Google académico en los idiomas inglés y español mediante el gestor de referencias bibliográficas Endnote x9, de ellos se utilizaron 48 citas seleccionadas para realizar la revisión. Desarrollo: el envejecimiento es un proceso muy complejo, donde el envejecimiento cutáneo es una de sus manifestaciones más evidentes, por lo que el cirujano plástico busca constantemente formas de lograr atenuar este proceso, una de estas alternativas es la infiltración facial con plasma rico en plaquetas. Se describe la técnica de procesamiento de la sangre para obtener el plasma rico en plaquetas y el método empleado para la bioestimulación facial. Indicaciones y contraindicaciones del proceder. Conclusiones: la bioestimulación facial con plasma rico en plaquetas es un método sencillo, libre de complicaciones dado que se trabaja con material autólogo, mediante el cual se logran cambios positivos en la piel.


Background: facial biostimulation with platelet-rich plasma is a modern method for facial rejuvenation that is part of the regeneration therapies. Objective: to show the main role of biostimulation as a positive method for the characteristics of facial skin. Methods: a bibliographic review of 140 original articles published in Pubmed, Medline, Scielo and academic Google in English and Spanish, was made by means of the reference management software Endnote x9. Forty-eight citations were selected to make the review. Development: aging is a complex process and skin aging is one of its clearest manifestations; that’s why, plastic surgeons are constantly looking for new ways to reduce this process. One of these alternatives is facial infiltration with platelet-rich plasma. The technique of processing blood to obtain platelets-rich plasma and the method used for facial biostimulation are described. Indications and contraindications of the procedure are also described. Conclusions: facial biostimulation with platelet-rich plasma is a simple, complications-free method since the procedure is made with an autologous by means of which positive changes in the skin are achieved.


Assuntos
Humanos , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Regeneração da Pele por Plasma
20.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 17(6): 121-128, nov.-dic. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-705635

RESUMO

Fundamento: las quemaduras eléctricas producidas por fenómenos atmosféricos probablemente fueron las primeras y tiene una alta mortalidad. Objetivo: describir el cuadro clínico de un paciente que presentó una descarga eléctrica natural y sobrevivió al evento. Caso clínico: paciente de 37 años de edad, masculino, sin antecedentes patológicos, fue alcanzado por un rayo que conllevó a la pérdida de conciencia por varios minutos, así como quemaduras en cara, zonas del tronco anterior y posterior y miembro superior derecho que se diagnosticaron como lesiones dérmicas A de un 22 % de superficie corporal quemada, con pérdida de conciencia momentánea y complicación renal y oftalmológica posteriormente, sobrevivió al evento inicial. Conclusiones: las quemaduras por electricidad natural o fulguraciones constituyen un evento dramático con graves complicaciones y alta mortalidad.


Background: electric burns produced by atmospheric phenomena were probably the first type of burn and have a high mortality. Objective: to describe the clinical manifestations of a patient who got a natural discharge and survived. Clinical case: a thirty-seven-year-old male patient without pathological records was struck by a lightning that caused the loss of consciousness for some minutes, as well as burns of the face, the torso, the back, and the right fore limb that were diagnosed as A dermic lesions of a 22 % of the body burned. Subsequently, the patient presented momentary loss of consciousness, and ophthalmic and kidney complications. He survived the initial event. Conclusions: burns by natural electricity and fulgurations constitute a dramatic event with severe complications and a high mortality.

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