Pyogenic Granuloma/Peripheral Giant-Cell Granuloma Associated with Implants.

Introduction. Pyogenic granuloma (PG) and peripheral giant-cell granuloma (PGCG) are two of the most common inflammatory lesions associated with implants; however, there is no established pathway for treatment of these conditions. This paper aims to illustrate the successful treatment of PG and PGCG and also report a systematic review of the literature regarding the various treatments proposed. Methods. To collect relevant information about previous treatments for PG and PGCG involving implants we carried out electronic searches of publications with the key words "granuloma", "oral", and "implants" from the last 15 years on the databases Pubmed, National Library of Medicine's Medline, Scielo, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Results. From the electronic search 16 case reports were found showing excision and curettage as the main successful treatment. As no clinical trials or observational studies were identified the authors agreed to present results from a review perspective. Conclusion. This is the largest analysis of PG and PGCG associated with implants published to date. Our review would suggest that PGCG associated with implants appears to have a more aggressive nature; however the level of evidence is very limited. Further cohort studies with representative sample sizes and standard outcome measures are necessary for better understanding of these conditions.

Lymphocyte recovery is impaired in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas treated with bendamustine plus rituximab.

The immune system has the potential to either attenuate tumor growth or to promote tumor progression. The goal of cancer immunotherapy is to shift the balance in favor of tumor immunosurveillance, so that the immune system can recognize the tumor, eliminate it, and prevent its recurrence. Bendamustine plus rituximab is generally considered effective and safe in patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and indolent non-Hodgkin lymphomas. To evaluate the effects of bendamustine-rituximab and rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) on the recuperation of immune system, we analyze the distribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, and NK cells in peripheral blood of 18 patients who received 4-6 cycles of rituximab-bendamustine (BR) or six R-CHOP before therapy and 6 months after completing treatment. Our results indicate that lymphocyte recovery is impaired in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and indolent lymphomas treated with bendamustine plus rituximab. Low CD4 T cells (<200 cells/µl) induced by bendamustine (BR) suggest prophylaxis should be applied against opportunistic infections. Asymptomatic EBV and CMV reactivations support a negative effect of BR on the immune system. If cellular immune therapy such as lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) or effector lymphocytes infusion is planned, regimes other than BR should be the first choice.

Intravascular large B cell lymphoma.

Intravascular large B cell lymphoma (IVBCL) is a rare type of extranodal large B cell lymphoma characterized by selective growth of lymphoma cells within the microvasculature. We present an illustrative case of intravascular B cell lymphoma suspected by the presence of a very small monoclonal B cell population identified by immunophenotype and polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow. The diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy.

Maxillary dentigerous cyst and supernumerary tooth. Is it a frequent association?

UNLABELLED: Dentigerous cysts, also known as follicular cysts, are a relatively common pathology in our field. They are associated with unerupted or semi-erupted teeth and are usually not related to supernumerary teeth. OBJECTIVE: To describe a dentigerous cyst case associated to a supernumerary tooth. CASE-REPORT: A large-sized dentigerous cyst is described, associated with a supernumerary tooth, affecting the whole maxillary anterior area. Appropriate treatment consists of performing root canals and a Partsch II procedure with a cystectomy, extracting the unerupted teeth, carrying out an apicoectomy and retro-filling the affected teeth. The defect is filled with a bone xenograft. Possible therapeutic alternatives and the connection between the dentigerous cysts and supernumerary teeth are considered in the discussion.