Metallic and metal oxide-derived nanohybrid as a tool for biomedical applications.

Nanotechnology covers a variety of scientific areas including chemistry, material science, physics, biomedicine, biology, and engineering. Metal nanohybrid with extraordinary properties is highly researched in comparison to bulky individual nanoparticles. Especially, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are a new class of functional nanohybrids having broad, intriguing physio-chemical properties showing applications in nanoscience and biomedical research. Engineered inorganic nanoparticles have paved an essential component in the advancement of nanotechnologies. Synthesis is done through various physical, chemical, and biological methods with their special features and manipulation at the nano level in their physiochemical properties, controlling their shape, size, and surface functionality. Application of metal and metal oxide nanohybrid are discussed, including, gene delivery, theranostics, and catalysis. Due to the versatile application of nanohybrids, it can be used in the detection of tumors, cell tracking, and visualizing the specific region of disease. Development of accurate, multifunctional imaging and ambient data are indispensable for futuristic applications. Nanohybrids (NHs) can load therapeutic drugs in their sector of core and shell and have the ability to release them in a controlled and sequential manner of a delivery system. Novel nanohybrid with their multidimensional, integrated mechanistic property has also shown a great effect on environmental pollution control also. A proteomics and transcriptomics approach for the nanohybrid action of mechanism has been discussed and also includes limitations of MNHs and MONHs. The current manuscript critically reviewed several available recent kinds of literature and has the potential to offer a better understanding of metallic and metallic oxide nanohybrids having a multifunctional role in various biomedical applications.

Chemopreventive Potential of Dietary Nanonutraceuticals for Prostate Cancer: An Extensive Review.

There are more than two hundred fifty different types of cancers, that are diagnosed around the world. Prostate cancer is one of the suspicious type of cancer spreading very fast around the world, it is reported that in 2018, 29430 patients died of prostate cancer in the United State of America (USA), and hence it is expected that one out of nine men diagnosed with this severe disease during their lives. Medical science has identified cancer at several stages and indicated genes mutations involved in the cancer cell progressions. Genetic implications have been studied extensively in cancer cell growth. So most efficacious drug for prostate cancer is highly required just like other severe diseases for men. So nutraceutical companies are playing major role to manage cancer disease by the recommendation of best natural products around the world, most of these natural products are isolated from plant and mushrooms because they contain several chemoprotective agents, which could reduce the chances of development of cancer and protect the cells for further progression. Some nutraceutical supplements might activate the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic effects by the mechanism of cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation procedures and changes in the redox states, but in other, it also elevate the levels of effectiveness of chemotherapeutic mechanism and in results, cancer cell becomes less reactive to chemotherapy. In this review, we have highlighted the prostate cancer and importance of nutraceuticals for the control and management of prostate cancer, and the significance of nutraceuticals to cancer patients during chemotherapy.