Emergency personnel neuroticism, health and lifestyle: A UK Biobank study.

BACKGROUND: Emergency personnel face unpredictable and challenging incidents and their resilience and ability to cope influences their well-being. Personality traits, such as neuroticism, are postulated to be robust predictors of health and health behaviours. Despite evidence in the general population that neuroticism can positively impact health and health behaviours; to date neuroticism in emergency personnel has primarily been associated with adverse health outcomes. AIMS: To assess whether neuroticism has a negative or positive impact on subjective and objective health and health behaviours in emergency personnel. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional UK Biobank baseline data of emergency personnel (police, firemen and paramedics). Logistic regression models examined the strength of the associations of neuroticism tertiles with subjective (self-reported overall health and chronic conditions) and objective health (abdominal obesity) and self-reported smoking, sleeping, alcohol use and exercise levels. RESULTS: High neuroticism was positively associated with poorer subjective health outcomes in all emergency personnel (n = 2483). The association between neuroticism and chronic disease/s was significant for police in the second (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.94) and third (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.21-2.16) neuroticism tertiles. Neuroticism in firemen was associated with reduced abdominal obesity (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.25-0.96) and increased exercise (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.07-4.25). CONCLUSIONS: We observed positive and negative associations between neuroticism and health outcomes and behaviours. While differences were observed across the emergency personnel groups, more research is needed to better understand how personality traits may impact health in workers with physically and mentally intense jobs.

Effects of work-family conflict and job insecurity on psychological distress.

BACKGROUND: Work-family conflict (WFC) and job insecurity are important determinants of workers' mental health. AIMS: To examine the relationship between WFC and psychological distress, and the co-occurring effects of WFC and job insecurity on distress in US working adults. METHODS: This study used cross-sectional data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for adults aged 18-64 years. The 2010 NHIS included occupational data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) sponsored Occupational Health Supplement. Logistic regression models were used to examine the independent and co-occurring effects of WFC and job insecurity on distress. RESULTS: The study group consisted of 12059 participants. In the model fully adjusted for relevant occupational, behavioural, sociodemographic and health covariates, WFC and job insecurity were independently significantly associated with increased odds of psychological distress. Relative to participants reporting WFC only, participants reporting no WFC and no job insecurity had lower odds of moderate and severe distress. Co-occurring WFC and job insecurity was associated with significantly higher odds of both moderate [odds ratio (OR) = 1.55; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-1.9] and severe (OR = 3.57; 95% CI 2.66-4.79) distress. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of WFC and job insecurity were influenced by differing factors in working adults; however, both significantly increased risk of adverse mental health outcomes, particularly when experienced jointly. Future studies should explore the temporal association between co-occurring WFC and job insecurity and psychological distress.

Evaluating the impact of an intervention to reduce injuries among loggers in West Virginia, 1999-2007.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a video-based safety training intervention (VBSTI) to reduce injuries among loggers over an 8-year period. WV Workers' Compensation data were used to assess the trend in injury rates, medical and indemnity costs due to logging injuries. There were 1,435 logger injury claims reported and a modest decline in the minor nature of injuries. There was no significant decline in total injury rates or in "struck by object" incidents emphasized in the VBSTI. Among the severe injuries, "head and neck" injuries showed a statistically significant decrease (p = 0.0454), but "falls" showed a statistically significant inverse change (p < 0.05). Medical and indemnity costs showed a statistical significant decrement (p < 0.05). Due to potential confounding, it is inconclusive whether the modest decreases in the claims can be attributed to the VBSTI. There still remains a need to improve the safety of workers in this high-risk employment.