Excision of arteriovenous malformation in an emergency situation - A case report.

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an infrequent congenital vascular anomaly that can affect the vasculature and involve the endothelium and neighboring cells of any anatomical structure. AVMs are characterized histologically by abnormal AV shunts with atypical interconnecting capillary beds. AVM can cause functional and esthetic issues like face asymmetry, pain, osteolytic changes, and unanticipated hemorrhage or squeeze and tear of the surrounding tissue without causing any symptoms. The literature search yielded limited case reports on AVMs in the facial region. Insufficient diagnosis, limited knowledge, and a lack of literature can lead to severe bleeding and potentially fatal hemorrhagic incidents following dental procedures like tooth extraction, surgery, puncture wounds, or blunt injuries in the affected area. In this manuscript, we report a case of AV malformation involving the left cheek and buccal mucosa region in a 37-year-old male patient who reported uncontrolled bleeding after trauma. This report highlights the management of AV malformation in an emergency by facial artery ligation and surgical excision.

Spindle Cell Carcinoma of Nasal Cavity- A Case Report.

Spindle Cell Carcinoma (SpCC), also known as Sarcomatoid Carcinoma, is a rare and peculiar biphasic malignant neoplasm that occurs mainly in the upper aero-digestive tract, mostly in larynx. SCC accounts for 3% of all squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in the head and neck region. It is a rare variant of SCC which shows spindled or pleomorphic tumour cells simulating a true sarcoma. We present a case report of SpCC nasal cavity in a 50-year-old female patient, presented with intermittent epistaxis from left nasal cavity. On physical examination, the patient had an ulcero-exophytic type of mass in the left nasal cavity and a smooth bulge on the left side of anterior hard palate. Patient underwent excision of nasal mass along with partial palatectomy by facial degloving approach and reconstruction of palate with naso-labial flap. The postoperative histopathological report showed SCC. Surgery forms the mainstay of treatment. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy is warranted in order to improve treatment results. As only few cases have been reported, we report a case of this rare entity to contribute for better understanding and awareness of this rare malignancy.

Macroglossia Associated with Lymphangioma: Surgical Management of An Interesting Case.

Lymphangioma is considered as benign as well as a hamartomatous lesion of the lymphatic vessels that shows a marked predilection for the head and neck region. The most common site for intraoral lymphangiomas is the anterior two-thirds on the dorsal surface of tongue resulting in macroglossia. Such patients have a tendency of speech disturbances, poor oral hygiene, and bleeding from tongue following a trauma. A child with markedly enlarged tongue presents a unique challenge to the clinicians. Aesthetic, occlusal, functional and psychosocial problems may arise as a result of this condition. The indexed patient presented with an enlarged tongue. Wide excision of the lesion was done as a treatment.

Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal transtuberculum sellae extradural approach to suprasellar pituitary lesions: A case report.

Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors that arise within the anterior lobe (the adenohypophysis) of the pituitary gland in the sella turcica. As they grow, they can extend through the pituitary stalk and into the suprasellar compartment. The surgical management of these adenomas via a conventional intradural approach is fraught with a high risk of causing a large cerebrospinal fluid leak. We report a case of pituitary adenoma in a 60-year-old woman whose surgery was performed via a minimally invasive endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal transtuberculum sellae extradural approach.

Transnasal endoscopic removal of malformation of the odontoid process in craniovertebral anomaly: a case report.

The endoscopic endonasal approach is emerging as a feasible alternative to the transoral route for the resection of the odontoid process, when the latter produces a compression of the brainstem and cervicomedullary junction. This type of approach has some advantages, such as excellent prevertebral exposure of the craniovertebral junction in patients with small oral cavities and the possibility to avoid the use of mouth retractors. In this article, we present a typical case of a 12-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of craniovertebral anomaly-basilar invagination into foramen magnum, suffering from an extreme posterior tilt of the odontoid process causing severe anterior compression of the cervicomedullary junction, is presented to stress the potential of this technique. Transnasal endoscopic removal of the odontoid process was performed and resolution of the ventral compression was achieved. This article demonstrates that in selected cases, a multidisciplinary team approach can help our patients.

Primary hyperparathyroidism with rare presentation as multiple brown tumours.

We present a case of primary hyperparathyroidism with an uncommon presentation as multiple brown tumours, which may easily be mistaken for a primary bone neoplasm. A brief literature review and its clinical and surgical management are also discussed here.

Proliferative fascitis of nose.

Rapidly growing soft- tissue lesions in the oral and maxillofacial region can represent a variety of diagnoses involving radically different treatment modalities. Accurate diagnosis is important to avoid unnecessary and often mutilating surgery. Nodular fascitis is a rapidly proliferating fibroblastic lesion that presents as a tumour- like mass. Up to 20% of cases occur in the head and neck region.

Extranodal non-Hodgkins lymphoma of larynx.

Non-Hodgkins lymphoma is found in the older age group with extranoda involvement more commonly seen than in Hodgkins lymphomna. It isusually of B-cell type which has a better prognosis than T-cell type, Extranodal Non-Hodkin's lymphomas of larynx are rare. they can present as isolated lesions in larynx or associated with multiple involvement. They are usually found in the supraglottic region of the larynx. We present a case of 70-year-old female with extranodal Hodgkins lymphoma of epiglottis with metastasis in the liver.