RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Image-sharpening algorithms with color adjustments enable real-time processing of the surgical field with a delay of 4 msec for heads-up surgery using digital three-dimensional displays. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of the algorithms with the Artevo 800® digital microscope. METHODS: Seven vitreoretinal surgeons evaluated the effects of image-sharpening processing on the clarity of the surgical field with the Artevo 800® system that is used for cataract and vitreous surgeries. The scorings were made on a 10-point scale for anterior capsulotomy, phacoemulsification, cortex aspiration, core vitrectomy, and peeling of an epiretinal membrane or an internal limiting membrane. In addition, the images during the internal limiting membrane peeling were processed with or without color adjustments. We also evaluated the skewness (asymmetry in the distribution of the pixels) and kurtosis (sharpness in the distribution of the pixel) of the images to evaluate the contrast with each intensity of image-sharpening. RESULTS: Our results showed that the mean visibility score increased significantly from 4.9 ± 0.5 at 0% (original image) to 6.6 ± 0.5 at 25% intensity of the image-sharpening algorithm (P < 0.01). The visibility scores of the internal limiting membrane increased significantly from 0% (6.8 ± 0.3, no color adjustments) to 50% after the color adjustments (7.4 ± 0.4, P = 0.012). The mean skewness decreased significantly from 0.83 ± 2.02 at 0% (original source) to 0.55 ± 1.36 at 25% intensity of the image-sharpening algorithm (P = 0.01). The mean kurtosis decreased significantly from 0.93 ± 2.14 at 0% (original image) to 0.60 ± 1.44 at 25% intensity of the image-sharpening algorithm (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the image-sharpening algorithms can improve the clarity of the surgical field during 3D heads-up surgery by decreasing the skewness and kurtosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This was a prospective clinical study performed at a single academic institution, and the procedures used were approved by the Institutional Review Committee of the Kyorin University School of Medicine (reference number, 1904). The procedures also conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
RESUMO
We reviewed the medical records of 438 eyes in 431 patients who had undergone surgeries for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) or proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR ≥ Grade C) to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic had affected outcomes. The patients were divided into 203 eyes in Group A that had undergone surgery from April to September 2020, during the pandemic, and 235 eyes in Group B that had undergone surgery from April to September 2019, before the pandemic. The pre- and postoperative visual acuity, macular detachment, type of retinal breaks, size of the RRD, and surgical outcomes were compared. The number of eyes in Group A was fewer by 14%. The incidence of men (p = 0.005) and PVR (p = 0.004) was significantly higher in Group A. Additionally, the patients in Group A were significantly younger than in Group B (p = 0.04). The differences in the preoperative and final visual acuity, incidence of macular detachment, posterior vitreous detachment, types of retinal breaks, and size of the RRD between the two groups were not significant. The initial reattachment rate was significantly lower at 92.6% in Group A than 98.3% in Group B (p = 0.004). The COVID-19 pandemic affected the surgical outcomes for RRD with higher incidences of men and PVR, younger aged patients and lower initial reattachment rates even though the final surgical outcomes were comparable.
RESUMO
We conducted clinical and experimental studies to investigate the effects of image-sharpening algorithms and color adjustments, which enabled real-time processing of live surgical images with a delay of 0.004 s. The images were processed with image-sharpening intensities of 0%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50% during cataract surgery, vitrectomy, peeling of epiretinal membrane, and peeling of internal limiting membrane (ILM) with the Ngenuity 3D visualization system. In addition, the images obtained with a yellow filter during the ILM peeling were processed with color adjustments. Five vitreoretinal surgeons scored the clarity of the images on a 10-point scale. The images of a 1951 United States Air Force grating target placed in no fluid (control), saline, and 0.1% and 1% milk solution were evaluated. The results showed that the mean visibility score increased significantly from 5.0 ± 0.6 at 0% to 6.4 ± 0.6 at 12.5%, 7.3 ± 0.7 at 25%, and 7.5 ± 0.9 at 50% (P < 0.001). The visibility scores during ILM peeling improved significantly with color adjustments (P = 0.005). In the experimental study, the contrast of the grating targets blurred by the 0.1% and 1% milk solution increased significantly by the image-sharpening procedure. We conclude that the image-sharpening algorithms and color adjustments improved the intraoperative visibility of 3D heads-up surgery.
Assuntos
Membrana Epirretiniana , Retina , Humanos , Acuidade Visual , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem , Retina/cirurgia , Membrana Epirretiniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Membrana Epirretiniana/cirurgia , Vitrectomia/métodos , Membranas , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica , Membrana Basal/cirurgia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To analyze the vessel density around the optic nerve head (ONH) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and to evaluate its correlation with visual functions. METHODS: Thirty-eight eyes with RP with visual field constriction within the central 10° were enrolled. The mean (± SD) age of the patients was 43.7 ± 15.1 years. In addition to visual acuity (VA) measurements and visual field tests (Humphrey Field Analyzer 10-2 test), we also measured the vessel density at the macula by OCTA (superficial and deep vessel density: sVD(m) and dVD(m)) and in multiple layers around the ONH (vessel density in the radial peripapillary capillary [RPC] layer and in the nerve head [NH] layer: VDrpc and VDnh). The vessel density was calculated by binarizing the OCTA images. The associations between the logMAR VA and mean deviation (MD) values and the variables of central retinal thickness (CRT), sVD(m), dVD(m), VDrpc, VDnh, and also the size of the foveal avascular zone were investigated. RESULTS: The mean logMAR VA was 0.16 ± 0.34 and the MD value was - 17.2 ± 10.3 dB; the MD value was significantly related to the logMAR VA (p = 0.0028). Multivariate analysis with AICc model selection suggested only dVD(m) was associated with logMAR VA. On the other hand, the optimal model for the MD value included the CRT, dVD(m), and VDnh. CONCLUSION: The vessel density in the deep layer around the ONH was significantly associated with the visual field deterioration in patients with RP.
Assuntos
Disco Óptico , Retinose Pigmentar , Adulto , Angiofluoresceinografia/métodos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Disco Óptico/irrigação sanguínea , Vasos Retinianos , Retinose Pigmentar/diagnóstico , Tomografia de Coerência Óptica/métodos , Campos VisuaisRESUMO
Modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is now a well-established technique, especially in the field of pharmaceutical analysis. We recently demonstrated the transferability and the reproducibility of a SFC-UV method for pharmaceutical impurities by means of an inter-laboratory study. However, as this study involved only one brand of SFC instrumentation (Waters®), the present study extends the purpose to multi-instrumentation evaluation. Specifically, three instrument types, namely Agilent®, Shimadzu®, and Waters®, were included through 21 laboratories (n = 7 for each instrument). First, method transfer was performed to assess the separation quality and to set up the specific instrument parameters of Agilent® and Shimadzu® instruments. Second, the inter-laboratory study was performed following a protocol defined by the sending lab. Analytical results were examined regarding consistencies within- and between-laboratories criteria. Afterwards, the method reproducibility was estimated taking into account variances in replicates, between-days and between-laboratories. Reproducibility variance was larger than that observed during the first study involving only one single type of instrumentation. Indeed, we clearly observed an 'instrument type' effect. Moreover, the reproducibility variance was larger when considering all instruments than each type separately which can be attributed to the variability induced by the instrument configuration. Nevertheless, repeatability and reproducibility variances were found to be similar than those described for LC methods; i.e. reproducibility as %RSD was around 15 %. These results highlighted the robustness and the power of modern analytical SFC technologies to deliver accurate results for pharmaceutical quality control analysis.
Assuntos
Cromatografia com Fluido Supercrítico , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Controle de Qualidade , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate how the central visual field would be changed after fornix-based trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in Japanese normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients monitored for more than 10 years including before surgery. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study. We identified twenty-eight eyes of 28 NTG cases regularly monitored for more than 5 years and examined static visual field (VF) tests for more than five times before and after fornix-based trabeculectomy (including combined surgery). Based on preoperative data for 6.3 years, we evaluated postoperative changes for 6.0 years in 10-2 VF and 30-2 VF. RESULTS: Six patients were male and 22 females, the mean age was 57.9 years, and the mean deviation was - 13.7 decibels. After surgery, mean IOP decreased from 13.9 to 9.0 mmHg (P ≤ 0.01), and medication score also did. The rate of 10-2 VF deterioration was significantly suppressed from - 1.0 dB/year preoperatively to - 0.4 dB/year postoperatively (P ≤ 0.01). And when 30-2 VF was divided into six relevant sectors, the rate of deterioration at cecocentral and arcuate areas of the superior hemifield was suppressed postoperatively (P ≤ 0.01 and P = 0.042, respectively). CONCLUSION: Based on long-term preoperative data, a significant positive change in 10-2 VF was observed after fornix-based trabeculectomy with mitomycin C in Japanese NTG patients with a mean IOP of 13.9 mmHg. Central vision could be expected to be maintained for NTG patients even if its preoperative IOP is low after successful trabeculectomy.
Assuntos
Glaucoma de Baixa Tensão , Trabeculectomia , Feminino , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular , Japão/epidemiologia , Glaucoma de Baixa Tensão/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mitomicina , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esclera , Campos VisuaisRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the outcomes of fornix-based trabeculectomy in Japanese patients with glaucoma based on more than five years of preoperative data. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case series METHODS: This study consisted of 35 eyes of 35 Japanese glaucoma patients (mean age: 60.6, standard deviation (SD) 11.5 years) who received initial fornix-based trabeculectomy from a single ophthalmology clinic, with one or more reliable visual field test results per year from at least five years before and after the surgery. Measurements included postoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP), standard deviation of IOP, medication scores, mean deviation slope, and total deviation slope were evaluated based on preoperative data. The relationship between mean IOP, SD-IOP and the visual field (VF) deterioration speed was also analysed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period before surgery was 6.15 (SD 0.97) years and post surgery it was 5.95 (SD 0.63) years. The preoperative mean IOP of 14.6 (SD 2.3) mmHg significantly decreased to 9.2 (SD 2.2) mmHg (P <.001). The preoperative medication score 2.7 (SD 0.5) significantly decreased to 0.1 (SD 0.4, P <.001). The preoperative MD slope of -0.52 (SE 0.047) dB/year significantly improved to -0.31 (SE 0.14) dB/year (P <.01), with improvement in the superior hemifield (P ≤.018). Inferior hemifield (P >.10) did not follow the trend. Neither mean IOP nor SD-IOP correlated with the VF deterioration speed. CONCLUSIONS: Fornix-based trabeculectomy is an acceptable procedure for initial surgical management of glaucoma, especially for maintenance of superior VF.
Assuntos
Glaucoma , Trabeculectomia , Seguimentos , Glaucoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Pressão Intraocular , Japão/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe laparoscopic anatomical parenchymal sparing liver resections for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and report the short-term outcomes. BACKGROUND: Anatomical resections (ARs) have better oncological outcomes compared to partial resections in patients with HCC, and some suggest should be performed also for CRLM as micrometastasis occurs through the intrahepatic structures. Furthermore, remnant liver ischemia after partial resections has been associated with worse oncological outcomes. Few experiences on laparoscopic anatomical resections have been reported and no data on limited AR exist. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 86 patients undergoing full laparoscopic anatomical parenchymal sparing resections with preoperative surgical simulation and standardized procedures. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients had HCC, whereas 31 had CRLM with a median of 1 lesion and a size of 30âmm. During preoperative three-dimensional (3D) simulation, a median resection volume of 120 mL was planned. Sixteen anatomical subsegmentectomies, 56 segmentectomies, and 14 sectionectomies were performed. Concordance between preoperative 3D simulation and intraoperative resection was 98.7%. Two patients were converted, and 7 patients experienced complications. Subsegmentectomies had comparable blood loss (166âmL, P = 0.59), but longer operative time (426âmin, P = 0.01) than segmentectomies (blood loss 222 mL; operative time 355âmin) and sectionectomies (blood loss 120 mL; operative time 295âmin). R0 resection and margin width remained comparable among groups. CONCLUSIONS: A precise preoperative planning and a standardized surgical technique allow to pursue the oncological quality of AR enhancing the safety of the parenchyma sparing principle, reducing surgical stress through a laparoscopic approach.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/cirurgia , Hepatectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Fígado/cirurgia , Margens de Excisão , Tratamentos com Preservação do Órgão/métodos , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Duração da Cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and visual field (VF) sensitivities in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). We also investigated the model we developed to predict VF sensitivity using the FAF ring and its prediction accuracy. Methods: The training dataset consisted of 51 eyes of 28 patients, and the testing dataset consisted of 42 eyes of 25 patients with RP. VF and FAF measurements were conducted using the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) 10-2 test and Optos. The HFA 10-2 test was divided into three sectors according to the association with the FAF (IN, ON, and OUT). Moreover, concentric curves were drawn at 1-degree intervals outside the FAF ring and OUT was divided into six sectors (from OUT1 to OUT6 toward the periphery). Finally, the total deviation (TD) value was predicted using age and visual acuity (VA) in the whole field, and each of the eight sectors was compared. Results: The TD value decreased significantly from IN, ON, and then toward OUT6. The absolute prediction error with the FAF ring (average, 7.6 dB) was significantly smaller than that without the FAF ring (average, 8.7 dB). The absolute prediction error with the FAF ring was significantly smaller in the central areas (IN, 4.4 dB and ON, 5.3 dB) than those in the peripheral areas (OUT1-6, 6.8-9.1 dB). Conclusions: VF sensitivity decreases in association with the FAF ring. We developed a model to predict 10-2 VF sensitivity values using the FAF ring, which enabled us to predict 10-2 TD values.
Assuntos
Imagem Óptica , Retinose Pigmentar/diagnóstico por imagem , Campos Visuais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Retinose Pigmentar/patologia , Retinose Pigmentar/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testes de Campo VisualRESUMO
Background The aim of this study was to compare the predictive accuracy of acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass for the largest area under the curve (AUC) below the oxygen delivery (DO2) threshold and the cumulative AUC below the DO2 threshold. Methods and Results From March 2017 to October 2019, 202 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled. The perfusion parameters were recorded every 20 seconds, and the DO2 (10×pump flow index [L/min per m2]×[hemoglobin (g/dL)×1.36×arterial oxygen saturation (%)+partial pressure of arterial oxygen (mm Hg)×0.003]) threshold of 300 mL/min per m2 was considered to define sufficient DO2. The nadir DO2, the cumulative AUC below the [Formula: see text], and the largest AUC below the [Formula: see text] were used to predict the incidence of AKI. Postoperative AKI was observed in 12.4% of patients (25/202). By multivariable analysis, the largest AUC below the [Formula: see text] ≥880 (odds ratio [OR], 4.9; 95% CI, 1.2-21.5 [P=0.022]), preoperative hemoglobin concentration ≤11.6 g/dL (OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 2.0-32.3 [P=0.004]), and red blood cell transfusions during cardiopulmonary bypass ≥2 U (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.0-11.1 [P=0.041]) were detected as independent risk factors for AKI. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that the largest AUC below the [Formula: see text] was more accurate to predict postoperative AKI compared with the nadir DO2 and the cumulative AUC below the [Formula: see text] (differences between areas, 0.0691 [P=0.006] and 0.0395 [P=0.001]). Conclusions These data suggest that a high AUC below the [Formula: see text] is an important independent risk factor for AKI after cardiopulmonary bypass, which could be considered for risk prediction models of AKI.
Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Período Intraoperatório , Masculino , Oxigênio/sangue , Consumo de Oxigênio , Oxigenoterapia/efeitos adversos , Oxigenoterapia/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The aim of this study was clarify the effects of reducing various functional pressures essential for the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Femoral bone mineral density (BMD) and biological apatite (BAp) crystallite alignment were measured in conventionally reared and hindlimb-unloaded mice. The femur was divided into 10 equal segments perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bone and measurements were performed on the cortical bone in the five segments closest to the midpoint of the femur. Significantly lower BMD and BAp alignment in the longitudinal (Z-axis) direction were observed in the hindlimb-unloaded group. The present findings suggest that unloading by tail suspension significantly decreases not only mouse femoral bone mass but also BAp crystallite alignment, although minimal uniaxial preferential alignment is retained.
Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Elevação dos Membros Posteriores , Animais , Apatitas , Osso e Ossos , Fêmur , CamundongosRESUMO
Reexpansion pulmonary edema is a serious complication of minimally invasive cardiac surgery through the right minithoracotomy. As reexpansion mechanical injury and ischemia reperfusion injury to the collapsed lung are possible mechanisms, we introduced a preventive protocol that consists of intermittent ventilation of the right lung, restoration of bilateral ventilation, administration of mannitol before unclamping the aorta, and institution of mild hypothermia. Among 469 patients who underwent minimally invasive cardiac surgery, we used this protocol in 379 patients. Reexpansion pulmonary edema incidence decreased significantly from 7.8% to 2.1% (P = .006). Although further evaluation is required, our protocol may be effective in preventing reexpansion pulmonary edema.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias/cirurgia , Manitol/administração & dosagem , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Edema Pulmonar/prevenção & controle , Respiração Artificial , Toracotomia , Idoso , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Edema Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Recidiva , Fatores de Risco , Valva Tricúspide/cirurgiaRESUMO
Green leaf volatiles are emitted by green plants and induce defence responses. Those with antifungal activities in plants may replace chemicals as natural post-harvest treatments. We investigated the postharvest treatment of strawberry with trans-2-hexenal and cis-3-hexenal and observed a decrease in the mould infection rate. To determine the volatiles' functions, we conducted a component analysis of the volatiles released from trans-2-hexenal-treated strawberry and analysed gene expression. Several acetates, which were expected to be metabolites of trans-2-hexenal in fruit, were released from treated strawberry; however, these acetates did not inhibit fungal growth. The gene expression analysis suggested that postharvest strawberries were not protected by jasmonic acid-mediated signalling but by another stress-related protein. Harvested strawberries experience stress induced by harvest-related injuries and are unable to perform photosynthesis, which might result in different responses than in normal plants.
Assuntos
Aldeídos/farmacologia , Fragaria/efeitos dos fármacos , Fragaria/microbiologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Botrytis/efeitos dos fármacos , Botrytis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Botrytis/patogenicidade , Ciclopentanos/análise , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Fragaria/genética , Frutas/efeitos dos fármacos , Frutas/genética , Frutas/microbiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxilipinas/análise , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análiseRESUMO
In the article "Cell salvage processing of residual cardiopulmonary bypass volume in minimally invasive cardiac surgery" published in Heart and Vessels, there were several errors in numerical values.
RESUMO
Several reports demonstrated positive effects of processing residual cardiopulmonary bypass volume using a cell salvage device in conventional open heart surgery via sternotomy on hemostasis. The present study aimed to investigate whether cell salvage processing has the same effects on postoperative blood loss and transfusion in minimally invasive cardiac surgery. Between July 2015 and April 2018, 80 consecutive patients undergoing minimally invasive aortic valve replacement via right anterolateral minithoracotomy were enrolled in the present study. Perioperative outcomes and coagulation data of 40 patients who were retransfused with processed cardiopulmonary bypass volumes were compared with those of 40 patients receiving unprocessed residual blood (control group). Postoperative blood loss in patients receiving processed residual blood was significantly less than that in the control group at 6 h (115 ± 50 vs. 73 ± 33 ml, p < 0.001) and 12 h (167 ± 70 vs. 125 ± 67 ml, p = 0.009) after surgery, and the rate of fresh frozen plasma use after surgery was significantly reduced in patients receiving processed residual blood (18 vs. 0%, p = 0.012). In conclusion, processing of residual cardiopulmonary bypass volume reduced postoperative blood loss and postoperative use of fresh frozen plasma and could be useful for hemostasis in minimally invasive cardiac surgery.
Assuntos
Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Perda Sanguínea Cirúrgica/estatística & dados numéricos , Transfusão de Sangue , Feminino , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Reação Transfusional , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Although total blood volume (TBV) is central to the estimation of the haemodilution rate during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), conventional formulas lack sufficient accuracy. The aim of this study was to establish a new formula using ideal body weight (BW) with adjustment for gender or age to estimate TBV for a more accurate prediction of the haemodilution rate during CPB. METHODS: A total of 214 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB were included in this study. TBV was retrospectively estimated using the following formulae: (1) Conventional TBV = actual BW × fixed 70 ml/kg, (2) gender-based modified TBV = ideal BW × 75 ml/kg (male) or 65 ml/kg (female) and (3) age-based modified TBV = ideal BW × 70 ml/kg (<65 years old) or 60 ml/kg (≥65 years old). The relationship between actual and predicted haemodilution rates calculated by these formulas was examined. RESULTS: The actual haemodilution rate based on the haematocrit value was 24.4 ± 4.4%. There was no significant correlation between the actual and predicted haemodilution rates obtained by the conventional formula, whereas both modified formulae with the ideal BW showed a significant correlation. Furthermore, the age-based modified formula showed the highest correlation level (r = 0.45, P < 0.001) as well as a strong correlation between the actual and predicted postdilution haematocrit values (y = 0.903x + 3.385, R2 = 0.892). CONCLUSIONS: The conventional formula is unable to predict the actual haemodilution rate accurately. Our new formula with a combination of the ideal BW and adjustment for age was shown to be useful for the accurate prediction of the haemodilution rate during CPB.
Assuntos
Volume Sanguíneo/fisiologia , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Hemodiluição/métodos , Peso Corporal Ideal , Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Idoso , Feminino , Hematócrito , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
The aim of the current study is to investigate corneal biomechanical properties in detail using Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and Corvis ST (CST) tonometry and to analyze the association between corneal biomechanical properties and the frequency of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections (FIV) in AS eyes with choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Twenty-eight eyes of 15 patients with AS were enrolled. Mean age of AS patients was 67.9 ± 9.8 years. ORA and CST measurements were carried out, in addition to comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. LogMAR visual acuity (VA) and ΔVA (the change of VA from baseline to the final visit) were calculated in each eye. Also, the relationships between FIV, and the variables of initial age at the observation period, axial length, and corneal biomechanical properties were investigated in eyes with AS using linear mixed model with model selection using AICc. In 28 AS eyes, 16 eyes underwent intravitreal anti-VEGF injections during follow-up period. Lower corneal hysteresis (CH), higher corneal resistant factor (CRF) and higher CST measured the DA ratio were associated with the increase of FIV in AS eyes (p = 0.01, p = 0.002, p = 0.027, respectively), suggesting the usefulness for monitoring of corneal biomechanical properties.
Assuntos
Estrias Angioides/diagnóstico , Córnea , Fenômenos Mecânicos , Idoso , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , PrognósticoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Re-expansion pulmonary oedema (RPO) sometimes occurs after minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) with single-lung ventilation. However, it has not been widely recognized as a serious complication. The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence rate and risk factors of RPO. METHODS: A total of 381 consecutive patients who underwent MICS with right mini-thoracotomy from March 2005 to October 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: RPO was observed in 8 (2.1%) patients. In the preoperative data, greater percentages of preoperative use of steroid or immunosuppressant were found in patients with RPO (25% [2/8] vs 1% [4/373]; P = 0.0056). In the operative data, significantly longer operation, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross-clamping (ACC) times as well as greater percentages of second CPB run were found in patients with RPO (388 ± 80 vs 272 ± 61 min; P < 0.0002, 253 ± 79 vs 158 ± 50 min; P = 0.0009, 162 ± 65 vs 108 ± 38 min; P = 0.020 and 38% [3/8] vs 1.3% [5/373]; P < 0.0003). The overall 30-day mortality rate was 0.8% (3/381) and the 30-day mortality rate of patients with RPO was 12.5% (1/8). Significantly prolonged initial ventilation time, intensive care unit and postoperative hospital stay were observed in patients with RPO (P = 0.0022, <0.0001 and 0.0003, respectively). Multivariate logistic analysis detected preoperative use of steroid or immunosuppressant and prolonged ACC time (≥156 min) as independent risk factors for RPO after MICS (odds ratio [OR]: 87.6 [95% confidence interval, CI: 4.1-2463.8]; P = 0.006 and OR: 36.0 [95% CI: 4.8-731.4]; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: RPO should be recognized as one of the most serious complications after MICS with right mini-thoracotomy. More accurate risk factors of prolonged lung malperfusion and steroid use on RPO after MICS should be investigated.
Assuntos
Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/cirurgia , Edema Pulmonar/etiologia , Toracoscopia/efeitos adversos , Toracotomia/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/mortalidade , Feminino , Doenças das Valvas Cardíacas/mortalidade , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Duração da Cirurgia , Edema Pulmonar/mortalidade , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Toracoscopia/métodos , Toracoscopia/mortalidade , Toracotomia/métodos , Toracotomia/mortalidade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Right mini-thoracotomy and partial sternotomy are widely recognized as effective approaches in minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (AVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the objective benefits of the respective approaches compared to the conventional approach. METHODSâANDâRESULTS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 282 consecutive patients who underwent isolated and initial AVR at a single cardiovascular institute between May 2007 and December 2012. Mini-thoracotomy and partial sternotomy were performed in 62 (22%) and in 26 patients (9%), respectively. Propensity score matching produced 36 (mini-thoracotomy vs. full sternotomy) and 24 (partial sternotomy vs. full sternotomy) well-matched pairs. Compared to the conventional approach, mini-thoracotomy was associated with significantly shorter operative time (235±35 min vs. 272±73 min; P=0.009), lower prevalence of blood transfusion (42%, 15/36 vs. 67%, 24/36; P=0.025), and significantly shorter intensive care unit and postoperative hospital stay (1.4±0.8 days vs. 2.2±1.1 days, P=0.001; and 13.3±6.5 days vs. 21.5±10.3 days, P=0.001; respectively). There were no significant differences in operative and postoperative data between the partial sternotomy and full sternotomy groups. CONCLUSIONS: The objective benefits of right mini-thoracotomy included early rehabilitation and lower prevalence of blood transfusion. Significant advantages of partial sternotomy were not found.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Transfusão de Sangue , Ponte Cardiopulmonar , Cuidados Críticos , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Duração da Cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Pontuação de Propensão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esternotomia , Toracotomia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Background:Right mini-thoracotomy and partial sternotomy are widely recognized as effective approaches in minimally invasive aortic valve replacement (AVR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the objective benefits of the respective approaches compared to the conventional approach.MethodsâandâResults:A retrospective analysis was performed in 282 consecutive patients who underwent isolated and initial AVR at a single cardiovascular institute between May 2007 and December 2012. Mini-thoracotomy and partial sternotomy were performed in 62 (22%) and in 26 patients (9%), respectively. Propensity score matching produced 36 (mini-thoracotomy vs. full sternotomy) and 24 (partial sternotomy vs. full sternotomy) well-matched pairs. Compared to the conventional approach, mini-thoracotomy was associated with significantly shorter operative time (235±35 min vs. 272±73 min; P=0.009), lower prevalence of blood transfusion (42%, 15/36 vs. 67%, 24/36; P=0.025), and significantly shorter intensive care unit and postoperative hospital stay (1.4±0.8 days vs. 2.2±1.1 days, P=0.001; and 13.3±6.5 days vs. 21.5±10.3 days, P=0.001; respectively). There were no significant differences in operative and postoperative data between the partial sternotomy and full sternotomy groups.Conclusions:The objective benefits of right mini-thoracotomy included early rehabilitation and lower prevalence of blood transfusion. Significant advantages of partial sternotomy were not found.