Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 9 de 9
Filtrar
Mais filtros








Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
J Clin Pharm Ther ; 40(5): 566-572, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30156327

RESUMO

WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: Anecdotally, topical kunzea oil has been used to treat various skin conditions, including psoriasis and eczema, with good results. This study compared the clinical efficacy of kunzea oil (20%)-containing formulations in mild to moderate psoriasis. METHODS: A randomized, comparative, double-blind, 8-week study was undertaken. Thirty patients (age range: 25-74 years and mean ± SD: 52·8 ± 13·6 years) with mild to moderate psoriasis (affecting at least 10% of one or more body regions: arms, head, legs and trunk) randomly received ointment and/or scalp lotion containing 20% kunzea oil (test group) or control medications not containing kunzea oil (control group). Formulations in both treatment arms also contained 5% liquor carbonis detergens (LCD) and 3% salicylic acid. The clinical responses to the test and control formulations were evaluated using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: After 8 weeks of treatment, both test and control groups demonstrated a significant (P < 0·05) improvement in PASI scores. Subjects in the test group had a decrease in mean±SD PASI score from 12·7 ± 7·9 to 6·7 ± 7·2, whereas the control group showed a decrease in PASI score from 8·1 ± 4·6 to 3·5 ± 4·7. Comparative efficacy analysis between the test and control groups did not reveal any significant difference (P > 0·05). WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of kunzea oil made no difference to the efficacy of topical formulations containing LCD and salicylic acid for the treatment of psoriasis.

2.
J Clin Pharm Ther ; 35(5): 497-519, 2010 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20831675

RESUMO

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail plate or nail bed. It does not usually cure itself and it can trigger more infectious lesions in other parts of the body. The reported prevalence of onychomycosis is increasing in Western countries, presumably due to lifestyle changes and the ageing of the population. Approximately 10% of the general population, 20% of the population aged>60 years, up to 50% of people aged>70 years and up to one-third of diabetic individuals have onychomycosis. Care should be taken for the accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of toenail onychomycosis to prevent complications. Current treatment options have relatively limited therapeutic success, particularly long-term. Oral medications are associated with high recurrence rates and treatment failure, and are not suitable for many cases due to potential adverse effects. Topical medications are recommended only for mild to moderate cases. The cost of therapies may also be prohibitive in some cases. In the light of these issues, more research is warranted for the investigation and development of more effective and economical options for the treatment and prophylaxis of toenail onychomycosis. In patient populations such as diabetic individuals, where onychomycosis can provoke lower extremity complications, professional podiatry care of toenails and feet should be encouraged.


Assuntos
Dermatoses do Pé/tratamento farmacológico , Unhas/patologia , Onicomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/diagnóstico , Dermatoses do Pé/epidemiologia , Dermatoses do Pé/microbiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Unhas/anatomia & histologia , Unhas/microbiologia , Unhas/fisiologia , Onicomicose/diagnóstico , Onicomicose/epidemiologia , Onicomicose/microbiologia , Fatores de Risco , Prevenção Secundária , Falha de Tratamento
3.
J Med Entomol ; 46(6): 1387-91, 2009 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19960685

RESUMO

Kunzea ambigua (Smith) Druce (Myrtaceae) is an Australian native plant, commonly known as tick bush. The essential oil of the plant has been proposed as a potential mosquito repellent. Commercial K. ambigua oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and its composition compared with that of oils from two individual K. ambigua plants and citronella oil. K. ambigua oils were studied for their repellency against Aedes aegypti L. Formulations of three different K. ambigua essential oils (30% vol:vol) were tested for repellency to mosquitoes using human volunteers. One oil was compared with citronella and N,N'-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) for repellency. Oil formulations were also tested for repellency with and without the addition of 5% vanillin. The formulation containing commercially produced K. ambigua oil had a mean complete protection time (CPT) of 49 +/- 24 (SD) min. All the K. ambigua formulations had comparable repellency to 40% citronella. However, the 60% citronella formulation showed higher repellency than the 40% K. ambigua formulation. The addition of 5% vanillin did not increase the repellency of K. ambigua oil. Both K. ambigua oil and citronella were significantly less repellent than deet. The K. ambigua essential oil formulations should not be advocated for use as repellents in regions prone to mosquito-borne disease.


Assuntos
Aedes/efeitos dos fármacos , Repelentes de Insetos/farmacologia , Kunzea/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/farmacologia , Animais , Austrália , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Repelentes de Insetos/química , Repelentes de Insetos/isolamento & purificação , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação
4.
Vet Rec ; 164(20): 619-23, 2009 May 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19448254

RESUMO

The efficacy of an ointment containing kunzea oil for the treatment of horses with localised acute or chronic pastern dermatitis was assessed. Thirty-seven horses were randomly allocated to treatment with an ointment containing either 20 per cent kunzea oil (test) or 2 per cent ketoconazole (control). Only 21 of the horses completed the study. The severity of the lesions was assessed before and after seven days of treatment. The kunzea oil formulation resulted in a significant decrease in the median total area of the lesions from 40 cm(2) (range 3 to 252 cm(2)) to 0 cm(2) (range 0 to 34 cm(2)), with complete resolution of the signs of pastern dermatitis in seven of 11 cases. The control formulation resulted in no significant change in the total area of the lesions, and the signs of pastern dermatitis resolved completely in only two of the 10 cases.


Assuntos
Dermatite/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Kunzea/química , Fitoterapia/veterinária , Óleos de Plantas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Antifúngicos/administração & dosagem , Dermatite/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Membro Posterior , Cavalos , Cetoconazol/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pomadas , Fitoterapia/métodos , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Dis Esophagus ; 20(3): 265-8, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17509125

RESUMO

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression is increased in metaplastic and dysplastic Barrett's esophageal epithelium and it is thought that selective COX-2 inhibitors could offer hope as chemoprevention therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo effect of celecoxib on COX-2 expression in patients with Barrett's esophagus and no recent history of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Endoscopic mucosal biopsy specimens were collected at baseline and after 28 days of therapy in a patient treated with celecoxib 200 mg twice daily. Samples were analyzed for COX-2 expression by immunoblot analysis with chemiluminescence detection. COX-2 expression was found to decline 20% and 44% at two different biopsy sites compared to the baseline sample. Longer exposures revealed a number of previously unidentified proteins above and below the 67 kDa COX-2 protein including 38 kDa and 45 kDa proteins which were present only at study completion consistent with up-regulation after celecoxib therapy. Further investigations of the 38 kDa and 45 kDa proteins were undertaken using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) with immunoblot and MALDI-TOF (matrix assisted laser desorption ionization - time of flight) analysis but no matches were found and results were inconclusive. Unmatched masses from MALDI-TOF peptide mass fingerprinting were compared with human COX-2 (67 kDa) and COX-2b (39 kDa) using unspecific cleavage. Peptide sequence homology with COX-2 and COX-2b was found for a length of 19 amino acids. Based on immunodetection, molecular weight and equivical MALDI-TOF results, one of these up-regulated proteins may be COX-2b.


Assuntos
Esôfago de Barrett/metabolismo , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Inibidores de Ciclo-Oxigenase/farmacologia , Pirazóis/farmacologia , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Adulto , Esôfago de Barrett/patologia , Celecoxib , Feminino , Humanos
6.
Am J Physiol ; 274(6 Pt 2): S74-83, 1998 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9841569

RESUMO

A number of pressures have led to a very great reduction or complete abandonment of the use of animals in the teaching of physiology in most medical schools. Often animal experiments have been replaced by computer simulations, but a simulation is only as good as the model or algorithm on which it is based and can never contain the depth of information or unpredictability displayed by real animals or patients. We used a computer-based system to collect cardiovascular data from patients instrumented for cardiac surgery, allowing students to "replay" an operation. These recordings were annotated with notes, diagrams and video clips, and a student workbook was written. The resulting package contained a wealth of physiological data and was perceived by students to be very clinically relevant. The very wealth of information, however, tended to overwhelm students, and so a series of introductory Computer tutorials were written to provide students with the background necessary to cope with the clinical data.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos Cardiovasculares , Educação Médica , Fisiologia/educação , Ensino , Adulto , Idoso , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/cirurgia , Computadores , Coleta de Dados , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensino/normas
7.
Free Radic Res Commun ; 19(2): 71-80, 1993.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8225040

RESUMO

It has been postulated that exposure to high concentrations of oxygen results in increased oxygen radical production which may account for the toxic effects of excessive exposure to oxygen. Examination of blood from persons undergoing hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure, by low temperature electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, demonstrated a marked increase in the magnitude of a signal with properties consistent with a free radical (g = 2.006). The signal diminished to baseline levels within 10 minutes of cessation of HBO exposure. Further in vitro studies of blood revealed an ESR signal generated in red blood cells by oxygen, and dependent on oxyhaemoglobin, which had characteristics indistinguishable from those of the ESR signal of ascorbate radical and the signal in blood from persons undergoing HBO exposure. It is postulated that HBO exposure increases ascorbate radical levels in blood, which is likely to reflect increased ascorbate turnover in human red blood cells.


Assuntos
Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica , Oxiemoglobinas/metabolismo , Adulto , Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Carboxihemoglobina/metabolismo , Espectroscopia de Ressonância de Spin Eletrônica , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Etilmaleimida/farmacologia , Radicais Livres/sangue , Glutationa/sangue , Glutationa Redutase/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
8.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol ; 18(12): 843-6, 1991 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1686747

RESUMO

1. In the chronic, awake, instrumented sheep model NG-nitro-L-arginine (NOLA) an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, injected at a dose of 40 mg/kg, produced a significant increase in systolic blood pressure (from 110 +/- 6 to 145 +/- 8 mmHg after 5 min) which persisted for at least 1 h but returned to baseline after 24 h. 2. When NOLA was repeated 1 and 4 days after the first injection, the blood pressure response was significantly attenuated, and at 1 day was no greater than the response to an equivalent volume of saline. The blood pressure response returned to the initial response with an 8 day interval between injections. 3. There was no significant blood pressure response to 100 mL of saline before the NOLA injection; however, 1 and 4 days after NOLA there was a significant rise in blood pressure.


Assuntos
Arginina/análogos & derivados , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos alfa/farmacologia , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/farmacologia , Animais , Arginina/farmacologia , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Nitroarginina , Ovinos
9.
Br J Dermatol ; 124(1): 29-36, 1991 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1899617

RESUMO

Treatment of murine skin with the polyaromatic hydrocarbon carcinogens benzo(a)pyrene (BP) or dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) for 3 weeks resulted in an increase and a decrease in epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) numbers, respectively, compared with solvent-treated skin. Implantation of subcutaneous indomethacin pellets prior to carcinogen treatment prevented the changes in LC numbers and morphology in BP, but not DMBA-treated skin. Indomethacin treatment was also found to reduce elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE)2 levels in the skin of BP-treated mice, whereas PGE2 levels were not significantly raised in DMBA-treated mice. There thus appears to be a link between altered prostaglandin levels and LC numbers in murine skin treated with BP, but not DMBA. In the latter, LC numbers were reduced by mechanisms not reversed by indomethacin. It is concluded that increased prostaglandin levels may contribute to the impairment of cutaneous immunity previously observed in BP-treated mice by altering LC density and morphology within the epidermis.


Assuntos
9,10-Dimetil-1,2-benzantraceno/farmacologia , Benzo(a)pireno/antagonistas & inibidores , Indometacina/farmacologia , Células de Langerhans/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Contagem de Células , Dinoprostona/metabolismo , Implantes de Medicamento , Células de Langerhans/imunologia , Células de Langerhans/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pele/metabolismo
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA