Gastrointestinal Perforation After Solid Organ Transplantation: A Case Series.

Although organ transplantation is associated with significant survival rates and cost benefits, postoperative complications still occur. Gastrointestinal complications, including those involving the stomach and intestines, account for 1-6% of posttransplant complications, with intestinal perforation specifically accounting for approximately 9%, depending on the center. In Vietnam, there are no comprehensive reports on these complications. Therefore, we report three clinical cases of gastrointestinal perforation following transplantation. Three cases of intestinal perforation are described in this case series. In 2023, a 16-year-old female patient who underwent heart transplantation for congenital heart disease was diagnosed with intestinal perforation on the 12th day. The patient required continued blood filtration support after surgery. In 2018, six days after liver transplantation, a 56-year-old male patient was diagnosed with intestinal perforation, which was subsequently repaired, and the ends of his intestines were removed. The patient was discharged in stable condition after 30 days. In 2017, five days after kidney transplantation, a 46-year-old female patient was diagnosed with intestinal perforation, which was repaired, and the perforation site was left open. The patient was discharged in stable condition after 40 days. Intestinal perforation is a relatively rare, but not uncommon, complication. Early diagnosis is challenging due to nonspecific clinical symptoms and signs. Considering the possibility of intestinal perforation and obtaining early abdominal computed tomography imaging can help prevent delayed diagnosis.

Right lumbar lymph trunk injury after right laparoscopic donor nephrectomy: a case report.

Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) is increasingly popular because of its advantages over open surgery. Chyle leak after donor nephrectomy is a rare but potentially lethal complication if not treated appropriately. We describe a case of a 43-year-old female patient with no remarkable history who presented a chyle leak on day 2 after right transperitoneal LDN. Since conservative treatment failed, the patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intranodal lipiodol lymphangiography, which confirmed the chyle leak from the right lumbar lymph trunk into the right renal fossa. The chyle leak was percutaneously embolized twice, on postoperative day (POD) 5 and POD 10, by a mixture of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and lipiodol. The drainage fluid decreased significantly after the second embolization. The subhepatic drainage tube was withdrawn on POD 14, and the patient was discharged on POD 17. MRI lymphangiography and intranodal lipiodol lymphangiography effectively identified the chyle leak point. Percutaneous embolization seems to be a safe, effective method for treating high-output chyle leaks.

Safety and Efficacy of Liver Venous Deprivation Following Transarterial Chemoembolization Before Major Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of liver venous deprivation (LVD) following transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2022, HCC patients indicated for hepatectomy with initial insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) underwent LVD after TACE to induce preoperative liver hypertrophy. Results: Twenty-seven HCC patients with a median age of 55 years underwent LVD. No TACE or LVD procedure-associated complications occurred, except for 1 case presenting with grade A liver failure after LVD (then recovered after 7 days). The FLR volume was 29.3% (interquartile range [IQR] = 7.5) and 48.9% (IQR = 8.6) of the total liver volume before and after LVD, respectively (p < 0.001). The degree of hypertrophy and FLR hypertrophy rate were 14.8% (IQR = 8.4) and 55.2% (IQR = 36.7), respectively. All 27 patients demonstrated sufficient FLR after LVD (24 patients at three weeks post-LVD, one at six weeks, and two at ten weeks), but only 21 patients accepted surgery. Postoperative histopathology showed 16 patients with cirrhosis and five with mild fibrosis (F1, F2). One patient presented with severe intraoperative bleeding due to damage of left hepatic vein and developed grade C liver failure, then died on day 32 postoperation. Conclusion: LVD following TACE seems to be a safe, effective, and feasible method of inducing significant FLR regeneration in HCC, even in well-selected cirrhotic livers. Comparative studies with a large patient population and multicenter data are needed for further evaluation.

Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life in Vietnamese Patients After Kidney Transplantation.

Objectives: To consider that the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become an inherent part of the patient outcomes in the care and treatment after kidney transplantation (KT). This study aimed to measure HRQOL among a representative sample size of patients after KT by using both the Short Form 36 (SF-36) and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life 36 (KDQOL-36). Methods and Results: Data of this cross-sectional design were collected in the Organ Transplant Center, Viet Duc University Hospital (Hanoi, Vietnam) from January 2020 to March 2020 and included the patients aged 18 years or over after KT at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively. HRQOL was evaluated through face-to-face interviews by means of the SF-36 and KDQOL-36 measurement tools. According to the SF-36, the overall mean score of HRQOL was 69.13 ± 15.55 and the two domains were the highest scores of "Mental Health" (81.23 ± 14.28) and "General Health" (80.06 ± 14.81). When measuring with the KDQOL-36, the overall mean score was 68.67 ± 13.75 and was the highest in the domain "Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease" (87.06 ± 16.00). Both instruments had good reliability for those after KT. The reliability of the SF-36 was high with Cronbach's coefficients α = 0.90. There were positive relationships between the dimensions measured by the KDQOL-36 and SF-36 (correlation coefficient: 0.03-0.69). Similarly, the domains of the SF-36 also had positive correlations with the KDQOL-36 (correlation coefficient: 0.18-0.51). The correlation coefficient between overall HRQOL scores of the SF-36 and KDQOL-36 was 0.62, indicating a strong correlation between the SF-36 and KDQOL-36. Conclusions: There were slight fluctuations in the HRQOL score in domains in the 3-year follow-up stages, suggesting not having clear change. The mean SF-36 score was consistent with the mean KDQOL-36 score. High reliability and strong correlation were found between two instruments of the SF-36 and KDQOL-36. This study provides the reliability and constructs validity in the combination of two sets of the SF-36 and KDQOL-36 scales for the assessment of HRQOL among post-KT patients, thereby assisting physicians and health professionals in the clinical decision-making, assessment of therapeutic efficacy, and understanding of treatment risk.

Impact of Central Quarantine Inside a Lockdown Hospital Due to COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Disorders among Health Care Staffs in Central Hospitals of Hanoi, Vietnam, 2020.

This study aims to examine the impact of undergoing a central quarantine due to the lockdown of Bach Mai hospital on the psychological disorders and identify associated factors with depression among hospital employees in central hospitals of Hanoi, Vietnam. Employing a cross-sectional design, the study collected data from staff working in the lockdown hospital and other central hospitals during 1 week after the lockdown happened. The sample size included 373 staff from 3 hospitals, the study time was. Depression was tested using PH-Q9 scale. Multivariate logistics regression was employed to test for the impact of central quarantine on depression and identify other significant related factors. The study confirmed a high burden of psychological issues that hospital employees were facing. Staff working in the lockdown hospital had 2.3 times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Those who contact directly about 21 to 20 patients/day had 3.19-times higher odds of being perceived depression than others. Staff who being stigmatization associated with COVID-19 had 2.63 times higher odds of perceived depression than others. Reducing these associated factors to depression may help to reduce the psychological burden HEs have to cope with during the pandemic.