[Influence of monotony of work on psychophysiological health of drivers of electric rolling stock of railway transport].

The article presents the results of the author's research that determines the degree of influence of monotonous (monotonous) labor processes on the drivers (and their assistants) of traction rolling stock of railway transport. Information is collected in order to develop a set of measures to overcome the monotony of work, improve the quality of working life and psychophysiological health of employees, and as a result, ensure traffic safety, improving the safety system for drivers and improving the quality of passenger transport.

[Giant complicated duodenal ulcer in patient with diabetes mellitus]. / Gigantskaia oslozhnennaia duodenal'naia iazva u bol'noi sakharnym diabetom.

Treatment of complicated giant duodenal ulcers is one of the most difficult problems in abdominal surgery. Simultaneous course of diabetes mellitus and giant duodenal ulcer has clinical features and requires correction of the treatment. It is presented case report that may be useful regarding accumulation of knowledge about comorbid course of these pathologies. The patient 58-year old was urgently delivered with signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcerative anamnesis for 15 years, diabetes mellitus type 2 for 8 years. Gastroduodenoscopy revealed chronic giant (2.5×3.5 cm) duodenal ulcer complicated by bleeding and subcompensated pyloric stenosis. Endoscopic hemostasis included drug injection and argon-plasma coagulation. Recurrent bleeding occurred after 22 hours. It was performed Billroth II procedure with resection of 2/3 of the stomach and manual formation of 'difficult' duodenal stump. Cicatricial ring was used as a frame for the stump. Postoperative period was uneventful, patient was discharged after 14 days. This clinical case demonstrates the need for more active surgical strategy in patients with diabetes mellitus and reliability of the proposed method of 'difficult' stump forming.

[Dynamics of cell proliferation in rat kidney and effect of endogenous inhibitors]. / Dinamika proliferatsii kletok pochki krys i vliianie na nee éndogennykh ingibitorov.

The age dynamics of albino rat kidney cell proliferation in conditions of compensatory hypertrophy and influence of endogenous inhibitors on this process have been studied. The lack of influence of repeated injection of inhibitors on kidneys cell division of 1-month old rats has been shown, while the level of kidney proliferation of 3-month old rat and 12-month old rat decreased of about 50% and of 24-month old rat decreased of about 34%.

[Approaches to the experimental prolongation of life]. / Podkhody k éksperimental'nomu prodleniiu zhizni.

Modern approaches to lifespan prolongation of laboratory animals are considered. Calorie-deficient diet increasing lifespan, leads to essential hormonal shifts, to changes in the activity of genome, protein biosynthesis. These mechanisms determine lifespan prolongation.

[Age-related characteristics of the effect of periodic low-calorie nutrition on lipid composition of the liver cells, small intestine, adipose tissue and blood serum in albino rats]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti vliianiia periodicheskogo nizko-kaloriinogo pitaniia na lipidnyi sostav kletik pecheni, tonkoi kishki, zhirovoi tkanii syvorotki krovi belykh krys.

It is studied how long-term periodical calorie-insufficient and growth-restraining nutrition promoting appreciable life prolongation in the Wistar-line albino rats influences the lipid metabolism. It is shown that diet has an essential influence on the levels of phospholipids, cholesterol, neutral lipids, fatty acids in different tissue cells. The age specificity is observed in all the studied tissue cells. The lipid composition of cells in aged rats with prolonged life is similar to that of young animals of control group.

[A comparative evaluation of the level of sphingomyelinase activity in liver cell nuclei and in the brain]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka urovnia sfingomielinaznoi aktivnosti v iadrakh kletok pecheni i v mozge.

It was discovered that there is sphingomyelinase activity in the rat liver nuclei. The maximum of enzyme activity is at pH 7.1. The data obtained demonstrated that the main part of sphingomyelinase is located in the nuclear membrane. Comparison of sphingomyelinase activity in cell nuclei, liver and brain homogenates shows high level of enzyme activity in the nuclei. The authors discuss possible participation of sphingomyelinases in changes of phospholipids composition in nuclear structure under different functional activity of cell nuclei.

[Thyroid hormones and lipid metabolism]. / Tireoidnye gormony i lipidnyi obmen.

Some major pathways of lipid metabolism are under control of thyroid hormones. Thyroxine changes the lipid composition of different cell membranes. Modification of thyroid hormone metabolism during ontogenesis is one of the reasons of changes in lipid composition and function of cell nuclei and its other structures. Atherosclerosis and obesity may be a result of the thyroid dysfunction and modulation of the cellular lipid metabolism.

[Effect of diet on the lipid composition of cell nuclei and liver mitochondria during ontogenesis of the rat]. / Vliianie dieticheskikh faktorov na lipidnyi sostav iader i mikrosom kletok pecheni v ontogeneze krys.

The possible influence of the type of dietary fat on quantitative changes of different lipids in microsomes, nuclei and chromatin in hepatic cells of albino rats in ontogenesis was studied. While the type of diet had no significant influence on the levels of different phospholipids and fatty acids of nuclei, the type of dietary fat exerted definite effect on the levels of whole phospholipids, cholesterol of microsomes, nuclei and fatty acids of chromatin. The age specificity was observed in nuclear structures.

[Age-related characteristics of the metabolism of fatty acid components of nuclear phospholipids]. / Vozrastnye osobennosti obmena zhirnokislotnykh komponentov iadernykh fosfolipidov.

The metabolism of liver nuclear phospholipid acyl components of rats of various age was studied in vitro. It was found that the activity of phospholipases A1 and A2 in the nuclei sharply increased in animals aged 1-3 months, showing a decrease in 12- and 24-month-old animals. The incorporation of labeled arachidonic acid into nuclear phospholipids remained practically unchanged thereby. The age-specific fluctuations in the activity of nuclear phospholipids A1 and A2 may be one of possible reasons of changes in the fatty acid composition of nuclear lipids during ontogenesis.