Association between Optical Coherence Tomography Measurements and Clinical Parameters in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

PURPOSE: To correlate optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements with clinical parameters in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 22 patients with IIH and 11 controls. All participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmological examination followed by spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) and standard automated perimetry using the 30-2 program of the Humphrey visual field analyzer. Correlations between ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, as measured by SD-OCT, and clinical parameters were assessed using generalized estimating equations. RESULT: The mean age of the participants was 35.0 ± 10.83 years. The groups were similar regarding age, but were significantly different regarding sex and visual acuity (p=0.001 and p=0.038, respectively). The GCC was significantly thinner in the IIH group, with a mean of 90.535 ± 9.766 µm compared to 98.119 ± 6.988 µm for the controls (p=0.023). There was a significant association between GCC thickness and optic disc pallor (p=0.016) and between edema and visual acuity (p=0.037). No significant difference was found in RNFL thickness between patients and controls. CONCLUSION: The GCC was thinner in the patients with IIH compared to the controls, and there was an association between GCC and optic disc pallor. This might suggest a role for OCT parameters when the structural changes that occur in IIH are investigated, possibly guiding clinical decision making.

Perfil clínico e eletrorretinográfico da comoção retiniana / Clinical and electroretinographic profile of commotio retinae

OBJETIVO: Traçar perfil clínico, anatômico e funcional da comoção retiniana. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com trauma ocular contuso e quadro fundoscópico de comoção retiniana unilateral há menos de 72 horas foram submetidos ao exame de acuidade visual, biomicroscopia, oftalmoscopia binocular indireta, retinografia, angiografia fluoresceínica, tomografia de coerência óptica e eletrorretinografia de campo total. A eletrorretinografia foi repetida após 15 e 30 dias. A angiografia após 30 dias. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 16 pacientes no estudo. No primeiro exame, havia diferença estatisticamente significante entre o olho atingido e o olho controle na amplitude de todas as respostas, sem alteração da relação b/a, e na latência da resposta de cones isolados e do flicker a 30 Hz. No segundo exame, manteve-se a diferença para os potenciais oscilatórios, que desapareceu no último exame. Na angiofluoresceinografia, todos os olhos acometidos mostravam áreas de hiperfluoresceência por transmissão alternadas com áreas de hipofluorescência por bloqueio. Este defeito mantém-se após 30 dias. A tomografia de coerência óptica mostrou diminuição da refletividade na camada dos fotorreceptores. CONCLUSÕES: As alterações encontradas refletiram acometimento de fotorreceptores e de células ganglionares, mas não da camada de células bipolares, além de mobilização precoce de pigmento do epitélio pigmentado da retina. As alterações eletrorretinográficas desapareceram após 30 dias do trauma.

PURPOSE: To investigate clinical, anatomic and electroretinographic changes in eyes that suffered blunt ocular trauma with commotio retinae. METHODS: Patients who presented commotio retinae after unilateral blunt ocular trauma less then 72 hours before were submitted to visual acuity testing, biomicroscopy, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography and full-field electroretinography. Full-field ERG was repeated after 15 and 30 days. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were included in the study. On the first examination there was a statistically significant difference between affected and fellow eye in all response amplitudes, without b/a ratio alteration, and a delay in single-flash cone response and 30-Hz flicker implicit time. On the second examination, the difference between the eyes remained for oscillatory potentials, but disappeared on the last examination. In fluorescein angiography, all patients presented mottled hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescent areas, due to alterations in the pigment barrier. On optical coherence tomography, we found optically empty spaces at the site of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Found changes suggested photoreceptor and ganglion cells, but not Müller cell functional alterations, as well as pigment mobilization. These changes disappeared 30 days after the trauma.

[Clinical and electroretinographic profile of commotio retinae]. / Perfil clínico e eletrorretinográfico da comoção retiniana.

PURPOSE: To investigate clinical, anatomic and electroretinographic changes in eyes that suffered blunt ocular trauma with commotio retinae. METHODS: Patients who presented commotio retinae after unilateral blunt ocular trauma less then 72 hours before were submitted to visual acuity testing, biomicroscopy, binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography and full-field electroretinography. Full-field ERG was repeated after 15 and 30 days. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were included in the study. On the first examination there was a statistically significant difference between affected and fellow eye in all response amplitudes, without b/a ratio alteration, and a delay in single-flash cone response and 30-Hz flicker implicit time. On the second examination, the difference between the eyes remained for oscillatory potentials, but disappeared on the last examination. In fluorescein angiography, all patients presented mottled hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescent areas, due to alterations in the pigment barrier. On optical coherence tomography, we found optically empty spaces at the site of the lesion. CONCLUSION: Found changes suggested photoreceptor and ganglion cells, but not Müller cell functional alterations, as well as pigment mobilization. These changes disappeared 30 days after the trauma.