[4+1] cyclization of α-diazo esters and mesoionic N-heterocyclic olefins.

Prompted by the recent stepwise mechanistic proposal for the Huisgen [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between enamine and α-diazo ester, where the nucleophilic addition of the enamine carbon onto the terminal nitrogen of diazo ester is crucial, we examined the possible use of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) as highly electron-rich dipolarophiles in these reactions. The mesoionic NHOs derived from 1,2,3-triazoles undergo fast [4+1] cycloaddition to give 3-(triazolium-4-yl)-(3H)-pyrazol-4-olates at room temperature. The reaction mechanism has been explored through experimental and DFT computational studies.

Transferencias tendinosas en hombro. Técnica quirúrgica y revisión de la literatura / Tendon transfers in shoulder. Surgical technique and literature review

En lesiones con criterios de irreparabilidad del manguito rotador en pacientes jóvenes y activos se considera realizar transferencia tendinosa como una opción de tratamiento; transferencia del trapecio inferior en lesiones irreparables posterosuperiores del manguito rotador; transferencia del dorsal ancho vía anterior en lesiones irreparables de supraespinoso y transferencia de dorsal ancho en lesiones irreparables del subescapular. En este trabajo realizamos una revisión narrativa de la técnica quirúrgica. Además, se puede observar el video de la experiencia anatómica de cada técnica descripta

In rotator cuff injuries with irreparable criteria in active and young patients, tendon transfer is considered as a treatment option. We describe our experience in performing lower trapezius transfer in irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff injuries, anterior latissimus dorsi transfer in supraspinatus injuries, and latissimus dorsi transfer in subscapularis injuries. We carry out a narrative review of the surgical technique with the subsequent video of the anatomical experience of each technique described

RhNPs supported on N-functionalized mesoporous silica: effect on catalyst stabilization and catalytic activity.

Amine and nicotinamide groups grafted on ordered mesoporous silica (OMS) were investigated as stabilizers for RhNPs used as catalysts in the hydrogenation of several substrates, including carbonyl and aryl groups. Supported RhNPs on functionalized OMS were prepared by controlled decomposition of an organometallic precursor of rhodium under dihydrogen pressure. The resulting materials were characterized thoroughly by spectroscopic and physical techniques (FTIR, TGA, BET, SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS) to confirm the formation of spherical rhodium nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution supported on the silica surface. The use of nicotinamide functionalized OMS as a support afforded small RhNPs (2.3 ± 0.3 nm), and their size and shape were maintained after the catalyzed acetophenone hydrogenation. In contrast, amine-functionalized OMS formed RhNP aggregates after the catalytic reaction. The supported RhNPs could selectively reduce alkenyl, carbonyl, aryl and heteroaryl groups and were active in the reductive amination of phenol and morpholine, using a low concentration of the precious metal (0.07-0.18 mol%).

Transferencias tendinosas en escápula. Experiencia en cadáveres / Scapular tendon transfers. Experience in cadavers

Las transferencias tendinosas son consideradas para mejorar la función de la escápula y restablecer la biomecánica de la cintura escapular en aquellos pacientes con escápula alada que tienen alteración en la funcionalidad y que no han progresado con tratamiento conservador. Existen diferentes técnicas de transferencias tendinosas como parte del tratamiento. En este artículo realizamos una revisión narrativa, además, ilustramos con videos las siguientes técnicas: la triple transferencia tendinosa en parálisis del trapecio y la transferencia del pectoral mayor hacia la escápula en disfunción del serrato anterior

Tendon transfers are used in management of winged scapula refractory to conservative treatment to improve scapula function and reestablish adequate shoulder biomechanics. There are different techniques described for these tendon transfers. In this article we reviewed these techniques, in addition, we illustrate with videos on cadavers the following techniques: triple tendon transfer for trapezius paralysis and pectoralis mayor tendon transfer to scapula for serratus anterior disfunction