RESUMO
Atrial fibrillation is an uncommon feature of hyperthyroidism in childhood. We report a 14-year-old male who was referred to our hospital with hyperthyroidism and atrial fibrillation. He had a family history of atrial fibrillation. Spontaneous conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm occurred 20 weeks after achieving euthyroid state by an antithyroid agent and a beta-blocker. Atrial fibrillation reoccurred after reduction of antithyroid medication and persisted for 19 weeks. Successful electrical cardioversion was performed resulting in conversion of heart rhythm to sinus. Usually, hyperthyroidism associated atrial fibrillation spontaneously reverts to sinus rhythm several weeks after achieving a euthyroid state. Control of thyroid function and heart rate is the goal of therapy for this type of atrial fibrillation.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/etiologia , Hipertireoidismo/complicações , Adolescente , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapêutico , Antitireóideos/uso terapêutico , Fibrilação Atrial/tratamento farmacológico , Cardioversão Elétrica , Eletrocardiografia , Humanos , Hipertireoidismo/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Propranolol/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/reabilitação , Insulina/uso terapêutico , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Telefone , Algoritmos , Glicemia/metabolismo , Criança , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Insulina/administração & dosagem , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Período Pós-PrandialRESUMO
PURPOSE: Appropriate initial education for type-1 diabetes mellitus patients is important to prevent late complications. However, type-1 diabetic children have not appreciated traditional learning methods since they rarely contain the elements of fun and interactivity. In this study, we developed, implemented and evaluated a preliminary version of edutainment tools for initial education for type-1 diabetic children. METHODS: Three games running on either personal computer (PC) and GameBoy Advance were developed. All games were designed to educate patients about relationships among food (carbohydrate), plasma glucose level, exercise, and insulin dose. A total of 58 testers evaluated degree of entertainment, usability and clinical usefulness of the games. RESULTS: Generally, testers felt all games were intuitive and fun and the usability of games was highly scored. More than 90% of testers showed an interest in the edutainment approach, and approximately 60% agreed that these games could provide attractive educational environment compared to traditional education, especially for children. CONCLUSIONS: Our edutainment systems were accepted as attractive learning tools for type-1 diabetic children who need initial education.