RESUMO
The quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a very uncommon congenital malformation with an estimated incidence of 0.003% to 0.043% of all congenital heart diseases. Combinations of QAV with several different congenital malformations have been described. The case is reported of a type A QAV associated with moderate aortic regurgitation, mild mitral regurgitation, and ascending aorta dilatation. This interesting case was referred for close follow up.
Assuntos
Aorta/patologia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Valva Aórtica/anormalidades , Cardiopatias Congênitas/complicações , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/etiologia , Valva Mitral/anormalidades , Aorta/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Aórtica/terapia , Aortografia/métodos , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Dilatação Patológica , Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores , Ecocardiografia Transesofagiana , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cardiopatias Congênitas/fisiopatologia , Cardiopatias Congênitas/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Valva Mitral/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/fisiopatologia , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/terapia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous inflammatory disease. Inflammation plays a major role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Epicardial fat tissue (EFT) has been shown to produce and secrete various proatherogenic and proinflammatory hormones and cytokines. The aim of this study was to assess EFT in patients with lichen planus. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with LP and 50 controls were enrolled in the study. LP was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. EFT was measured on the free wall of the right ventricle in parasternal long-axis view, as previously described and validated. RESULTS: There were positive correlations between EFT thickness and platelet/lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, duration of LP, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, after adjustments for relevant confounders, LDL cholesterol, hsCRP, platelet/lymphocyte ratio and duration of LP were independent predictors of EFT thickness in patients with LP (ß=0.231, p=0.014; ß=0.205, p=0.037; ß=0.361, p=0.001 and ß=0.133, p=0.047, respectively). CONCLUSION: EFT is increased in patients with LP compared to control subjects. Duration of LP is correlated with EFT, and duration of LP is also an independent predictor of increased EFT, which is a predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis.