Corrigendum to "The status of depression and anxiety in infertile Turkish couples" [Iran J Reprod Med 2011; 9: 99-104].

[This corrects the article on p. 99 in vol. 9 PMCPMC4216443.].

The status of depression and anxiety in infertile Turkish couples.

BACKGROUND: Infertility is a major psychosocial crisis as well as being a medical problem. The factors that predict psychosocial consequences of infertility may vary in different gender and different infertile populations. OBJECTIVE: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether Turkish infertile couples had higher levels of depression and anxiety when compared to non-infertile couples. Our secondary aim was to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and levels of depression and anxiety in Turkish infertile couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We designed a descriptive cross sectional study of 248 infertile women and 96 infertile men with no psychiatric disturbance and 51 women and 40 men who have children to evaluate the depression and anxiety levels between infertile couples and fertile couples. A gynecologist evaluated participants for demographic data and then they were visited by a psychologist to perform questionnaire scales which were The Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for the evaluation of the degree of psychopathology. The data were statistically analyzed, with p<0.05 as the level of statistical significance. RESULTS: We observed significant differences between the infertile couples and fertile couples with respect to state and trait anxiety (p<0.0001) while no difference was regarding with depression, both of women and men. Anxiety and depression were observed as independent from gender when infertile women and men were compared (p=0.213). CONCLUSION: We believed that the psychological management at infertile couples must be individualized with cultural, religious, and class related aspects.

The value of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in the cervical-vaginal secretion detected by immunochromatographic dipstick test in the prediction of delivery in women with clinically unconfirmed preterm premature rupture of membranes.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the value of detecting insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the cervical-vaginal secretion in the prediction of delivery in women with clinically uncorfirmed preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 87 women, gestational age between 20 and 36 weeks were enrolled into this prospective study. Based on the clinical diagnosis, patients were grouped as clinically evident PPROM (n = 25), clinically suspected PPROM (n = 42) and women with intact fetal membranes (n = 20). Detection of IGFBP-1 in the cervical-vaginal secretions was done using a one-step immunochromatographic dipstick test in all women. The outcome measures were gestational age at delivery, neonatal birth weight and duration of the interval between the test and delivery between women with positive and negative test results. RESULTS: The test was positive in all 25 women (100% sensitivity) with clinically evident PPROM and all delivered prematurely, and negative in 19 out of the 20 (95% specificity) women with intact fetal membranes. Among 36 women with clinically suspected PPROM, 13 (36%) tested positive and 23 (63%) tested negative for IGFBP-1. In this group, the mean gestational age and birth weight at the time of delivery were significantly lower in patients with positive test (31.38+/-2.6 weeks versus 38.61+/-0.99 weeks and 1761+/-527g versus 3500+/-355g, P < 0.05 for both). Eleven (85%) of the 13 women with positive test, delivered within 2 weeks after the performance of the test whereas all the women with negative test results delivered after 2 weeks (P = 0.001). The test had 100, 92, 84 and 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, respectively, for the outcome measure of test-delivery interval. CONCLUSION: The screening test for IGFBP-1 in the cervical-vaginal secretions is a useful adjunct in the prediction of delivery in women with clinically unconfirmed PPROM.

The effectiveness of live lactobacilli in combination with low dose oestriol (Gynoflor) to restore the vaginal flora after treatment of vaginal infections.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of live lactobacilli in combination with low dose oestriol for restoration of the vaginal flora after anti-infective treatment. DESIGN: The study was designed as a single centre, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING: University Hospital. SAMPLE: Three hundred and sixty women out of 1750 were randomised. METHODS: Three hundred and sixty women with the complaints of vaginal infections (bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis or fluor vaginalis) were randomly assigned two to seven days after the end of the anti-infective therapy, to therapy with live lactobacilli in combination with low dose oestriol (study group, n= 240) or placebo (n= 120). The follow up visits occurred three to seven days and four to six weeks after the end of the restoration therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Normal Flora Index (NFI), which consists of numbers of lactobacilli, pathogenic microorganisms, leucocytes and vaginal pH, was used as the primary outcome of the study. Secondary outcomes included the total symptoms score, the degree of purity of the vaginal flora and the global assessment of the treatment by the investigator and the women. RESULTS: During restoration therapy, the NFI increased significantly more in the study group than in the control group in both first and second control visits (P= 0.002 and P= 0.006, respectively). The degree of purity of the vaginal flora also increased significantly more in the study group compared with the control group (P < 0.0001 and P= 0.001, respectively). No serious adverse event was reported during restoration therapy. CONCLUSION: Restoration of the vaginal flora can be significantly enhanced by the administration of live lactobacilli in combination with low dose oestriol.