Recent Progress in Hot Melt Extrusion Technology in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form Design.

BACKGROUND: The Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) technique has shown tremendous potential in transforming highly hydrophobic crystalline drug substances into amorphous solids without using solvents. This review explores in detail the general considerations involved in the process of HME, its applications and advances. OBJECTIVE: The present review examines the physicochemical properties of polymers pertinent to the HME process. Theoretical approaches for the screening of polymers are highlighted as a part of successful HME processed drug products. The critical quality attributes associated with the process of HME are also discussed in this review. HME plays a significant role in the dosage form design, and the same has been mentioned with suitable examples. The role of HME in developing several sustained release formulations, films, and implants is described along with the research carried out in a similar domain. METHODS: The method includes the collection of data from different search engines like PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SciFinder to get coverage of relevant literature for accumulating appropriate information regarding HME, its importance in pharmaceutical product development, and advanced applications. RESULTS: HME is known to have advanced pharmaceutical applications in the domains related to 3D printing, nanotechnology, and PAT technology. HME-based technologies explored using Design-of- Experiments also lead to the systematic development of pharmaceutical formulations. CONCLUSION: HME remains an adaptable and differentiated technique for overall formulation development.

Unravelling Micro and Nano vesicular System in Intranasal Drug Delivery for Epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is one of the major neurological disorders, affecting about 50 million people globally. Oral, intravenous, and rectal delivery systems are available for the management of epileptic seizures. However, intranasal delivery serves beneficial for delivering anti-epileptic drugs owing to the advantages it offers. OBJECTIVE: Various approaches have been developed over the years aiming to attain either a safer or faster brain delivery; a nasal delivery system proposes significant outcomes. The non-invasiveness and high vascularity contribute to the high permeability of the nasal mucosa, allowing rapid drug absorption. This review highlights some of the promising novel approaches delivering antiepileptic drugs efficiently employing the nasal route. METHODS: The method includes a collection of data from different search engines like PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder for obtaining appropriate and relevant literature regarding epilepsy, intranasal delivery of antiepileptic agents, and novel therapeutics. RESULTS: The present review underlines the majority of work related to intranasal delivery in the treatment of epilepsy, aiming to draw the attention of the researchers towards the easiest and efficient ways of formulation for the delivery of antiepileptics during seizures. CONCLUSION: This review intends to provide understanding about the delivery aspects of anti-epileptic drugs, the benefits of intranasal delivery, and the novel approaches employed for the treatment of epilepsy.