RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance is a global threat, heavily impacting low- and middle-income countries. This study estimated antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative bacteria (GNB) fecal colonization prevalence in hospitalized and community-dwelling adults in Chile before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. METHODS: From December 2018 to May 2019, we enrolled hospitalized adults in 4 public hospitals and community dwellers from central Chile, who provided fecal specimens and epidemiological information. Samples were plated onto MacConkey agar with ciprofloxacin or ceftazidime added. All recovered morphotypes were identified and characterized according to the following phenotypes: fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQR), extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESCR), carbapenem-resistant (CR), or multidrug-resistant (MDR; as per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria) GNB. Categories were not mutually exclusive. RESULTS: A total of 775 hospitalized adults and 357 community dwellers were enrolled. Among hospitalized subjects, the prevalence of colonization with FQR, ESCR, CR, or MDR-GNB was 46.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42.9-50.0), 41.2% (95% CI, 37.7-44.6), 14.5% (95% CI, 12.0-16.9), and 26.3% (95% CI, 23.2-29.4). In the community, the prevalence of FQR, ESCR, CR, and MDR-GNB colonization was 39.5% (95% CI, 34.4-44.6), 28.9% (95% CI, 24.2-33.6), 5.6% (95% CI, 3.2-8.0), and 4.8% (95% CI, 2.6-7.0), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high burden of antimicrobial-resistant GNB colonization was observed in this sample of hospitalized and community-dwelling adults, suggesting that the community is a relevant source of antibiotic resistance. Efforts are needed to understand the relatedness between resistant strains circulating in the community and hospitals.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , COVID-19 , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bactérias , Carbapenêmicos , Cefalosporinas , Chile/epidemiologia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Fluoroquinolonas , Bactérias Gram-Negativas , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Hospitais , Fatores de Risco , AdultoRESUMO
Objetivo: analizar los efectos del entrenamiento mediante consola Xbox Kinect sobre la movilidad funcional en adultos mayores. Método: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática en PUBMED. Se seleccionaron estudios cuantitativos clínicos experimentales en inglés realizados en los últimos seis años. Resultados: nueve estudios fueron detectados. Entre los principales hallazgos, el entrenamiento con consola Xbox Kinect incrementó la fuerza muscular, mejora del equilibrio, movilidad funcional, función cognitiva, propiocepción de rodilla y calidad de vida en adultos mayores. Conclusión: el entrenamiento con consola Xbox Kinect en adultos mayores mejora la movilidad funcional en este grupo etario.
Objective: to analyze the effects of Xbox Kinect console training on functional mobility in older adults. Method: a systematic bibliographic search was performed in PUBMED. Experimental quantitative clinical studies in English were conducted over the last six years. Results: nine studies were detected. Among the main findings, training with the Xbox Kinect console increased muscle strength, improved balance, functional mobility, cognitive function, knee proprioception and quality of life in older adults. Conclusion: training with the Xbox Kinect console in older adults improved functional mobility in this age group.
